Becoming Socrates: Five elements of the consecration process and the case of Jan Patočka:
01 Aug 2020-European Journal of Social Theory (SAGE PublicationsSage UK: London, England)-Vol. 23, Iss: 3, pp 370-388
TL;DR: The authors explores the phenomenon of consecration, which, so far, has been neglected by sociologists of intellectuals, contrary to the common Bourdieusian approach to consecration.
Abstract: This article explores the phenomenon of consecration, which, so far, has been neglected by sociologists of intellectuals. Contrary to the common Bourdieusian approach to consecration, which conflat...
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TL;DR: In this paper , political martyrdom is defined as "a death, occurring in what we might call "unnatural" circumstances, connected in some way to an individual's identity(ies) or political commitments.
Abstract: ABSTRACT From its emergence in early Christianity to its invocation in twenty-first century debates, martyrdom has always highlighted the complex relationship between politics, religion, death, and memory. A specifically political notion of martyrdom beyond the world's faith traditions would facilitate the concept’s more capacious application and analysis. Political martyrdom, I argue, consists of several components: (1) a death, occurring in what we might call “unnatural” circumstances, connected in some way to an individual’s identity(ies) or political commitments; (2) consecration of that death by a community or sub-community; and (3) transmission of accounts of that death across time, through processes of commemoration. This essay illuminates the ways by which political communities enshrine certain deaths in their collective memory, where they subsequently contribute to communal solidarity, identity formation, and political mobilization. I conclude by reflecting on how political martyrdom offers new insights into the intersection of politics, religion, death, and memory.
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Book•
01 Jan 1979
TL;DR: In this article, a social critic of the judgement of taste is presented, and a "vulgar" critic of 'pure' criticiques is proposed to counter this critique.
Abstract: Preface to the English-Language Edition Introduction Part 1: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste 1. The Aristocracy of Culture Part 2: The Economy of Practices 2. The Social Space and its Transformations 3. The Habitus and the Space of Life-Styles 4. The Dynamics of Fields Part 3: Class Tastes and Life-Styles 5. The Sense of Distinction 6. Cultural Good Will 7. The Choice of the Necessary 8. Culture and Politics Conclusion: Classes and Classifications Postscript: Towards a 'Vulgar' Critique of 'Pure' Critiques Appendices Notes Credits Index
23,806 citations
01 Dec 1971
TL;DR: The Prose of the World: I The Four Similitudes, II Signatures, III The Limits of the world, IV the Writing of Things, V The Being of Language 3.Representing: I Don Quixote, II Order, III Representation of the Sign, IV Duplicated Representation, V Imagination of Resemblance, VI Mathesis and 'Taxinoma' 4. Speaking: I Criticism and Commentary, II General Grammar,III The Theory of the Verb, IV Articulation, V Designation, VI Derivation,
Abstract: Publishers Note, Forward to the English Edition, Preface Part I: 1.Las Meninas 2.The Prose of the World: I The Four Similitudes, II Signatures, III The Limits of the World, IV the Writing of Things, V The Being of Language 3.Representing: I Don Quixote, II Order, III The Representation of the Sign, IV Duplicated Representation, V The Imagination of Resemblance, VI Mathesis and 'Taxinoma' 4. Speaking: I Criticism and Commentary, II General Grammar, III The Theory of the Verb, IV Articulation, V Designation, VI Derivation, VII The Quadrilateral Language 5. Classifying: I What the Historians say, II Natural History, III Structure, IV Character, V Continuity and Catastrophe, VI Monsters and Fossils, VII The Discourse of Nature 6. Exchanging: I The Analysis of wealth, II Money and Prices, III Mercantilism, IV The Pledge and the Price, V The Creation of Value, VI Utility, VII General Table, VIII Desire and Representation Part 2 7. The Limits of Representation: I The Age of History, II The Measure of Labour, III The Organic Structure of Beings, IV Word Inflection, V Ideology and Criticism, VI Objective Synthesis 8. Labour, life, Language: I The New Empiricities, II Ricardo, III Cuvier, IV Bopp, V Language Became Object 9. Man and His Doubles: I The return of Language, II The Place of the King, III The Analytic of Finitude, IV The Empirical and the Transcendental, V The 'Cogito' and the Unthought, VI The Retreat and the Return of the Origin, VII Discourse and Man's Being, VIII The Anthropological Sleep 10. The Human Sciences: I The Three Faces of Knowledge, II The Form of the Human Sciences, III The Three Models, IV History, V Psychoanalysis and Ethnology, VI In Conclusion
7,353 citations
"Becoming Socrates: Five elements of..." refers background in this paper
...Available taxonomies of consecration, however, resemble Foucault’s famous Chinese encyclopaedia, which divides animals into those belonging to the Emperor, those that are fabulous, those having just broken the water pitcher, etc. (Foucault, 2001: xvi)....
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Book•
01 Jan 1911
TL;DR: In this article, Michels analyzes the tendencies that oppose the realization of democracy, and claims that these tendencies can be classified in three ways: dependence upon the nature of the individual; dependence upon a political structure; and dependence upon an organization.
Abstract: The principle of self-government through political parties, the cornerstone of democracy, has come to be regarded as a solution to the problem of nationality. This is because the principle of nationality entails the acceptance of the idea of popular government. The importance of the principle of nationality is undeniable, and most of the national questions of Western Europe might be solved in accordance with this principle. Matters are complicated by geographical and strategical considerations, such as the difficulty of determining natural frontiers and the frequent need to establish strategic frontiers. Moreover, the principle of nationality cannot help us where nationalities barely exist or where they are entangled in inextricable confusion. The present work is a critical discussion of the problem of democracy. Michels believes that democracy, as an intellectual theory and as a practical movement, has entered upon a critical phase from which exit will be extremely difficult. In this book he analyzes the tendencies that oppose the realization of democracy, and claims that these tendencies can be classified in three ways: dependence upon the nature of the individual; dependence upon the nature of the political structure; and dependence upon the nature of organization. This edition, described by Morris Janowitz as a "classic of modern social science" and by Melvin Tumin as "the beginning of a tradition", offers a landmark study in political science. Following its original publication in 1910, the study and analysis of political parties was established as a new branch of science. "Political Parties" continues to be a foundation work in the literature and is a necessary addition to the libraries of contemporary political scientists, sociologists and historians.
1,987 citations
Book•
19 Aug 2011
TL;DR: Mannheim as mentioned in this paper proposed a preliminary approach to the Problem of Utopianism in the context of scientific political science and proposed a new edition of the new edition, "The Prospects of Scientific Politics".
Abstract: Foreword, Preface, Preface to the new Edition, Books and Monographs by Karl Mannheim, 1. Preliminary Approach to the Problem, 2. Ideology and Utopia, 3. The Prospects of Scientific Politics
1,292 citations
TL;DR: The authors discusses North American and European research from the sociology of valuation and evaluation (SVE), a research topic that has attracted considerable attention in recent years, focusing on subprocesses such as categorization and legitimation, conditions that sustain heterarchies and valuation and evaluative practices.
Abstract: This review discusses North American and European research from the sociology of valuation and evaluation (SVE), a research topic that has attracted considerable attention in recent years. The goal is to bring various bodies of work into conversation with one another in order to stimulate more cumulative theory building. This is accomplished by focusing on (a) subprocesses such as categorization and legitimation, (b) the conditions that sustain heterarchies, and (c) valuation and evaluative practices. The article reviews these literatures and provides directions for a future research agenda.
930 citations
"Becoming Socrates: Five elements of..." refers background in this paper
...…of legitimization, which collapse into one another in Bourdieu’s work (Bourdieu, 1993; 1996) and in post-Bourdieusian sociology of evaluation or valorization (Lamont, 1987; 2012; Lizé, 2016) by emphasizing the aspect of the sacred, which lies at the etymological root of the term ‘consecration’....
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