Beneficial Metabolic Effects of a Probiotic via Butyrate-induced GLP-1 Hormone Secretion
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...…intake may improve markers of insulin metabolism and lipid profiles by reducing cytokines and suppressing the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway (Shi et al., 2006) and gut microbiotashort chain fatty acids (SCFA)-hormone axis (Yadav et al., 2013)....
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..., 2015), stimulate secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), and other peptide hormones to regulate appetite and energy homeostasis (Byrne et al., 2015; Nøhr et al., 2013; Sleeth et al., 2010; Yadav et al., 2013) and to potentially improve type 2 diabetes features (Puddu et al....
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...Probiotics may result in reduced depressive symptoms, as well as improved metabolic status, biomarkers of inflammation, and oxidative stress, through their effect on neuronal circuits and the central nervous system mediated by the microbiota-gutbrain axis [18] and through affecting gene expression [19]....
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"Beneficial Metabolic Effects of a P..." refers background in this paper
...Implantation of gut flora from obese mice into normal and germ-free mice results in increased body weight gain and insulin resistance (11, 12), supporting the notion that the bacterial species residing in the obese gut harbor metabolically unfavorable properties....
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...Changes in the microbiota are correlated with the development of obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes, presumably because of the ability of the microbes to extract energy from the diet (11), altered fatty acid metabolism within the adipose tissue and liver (13), changes in the levels of gut hormones like peptide YY (14), activation of lipopolysaccharide toll-like receptor-2 (15), and changes in the intestinal barrier integrity (16)....
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"Beneficial Metabolic Effects of a P..." refers background in this paper
...Implantation of gut flora from obese mice into normal and germ-free mice results in increased body weight gain and insulin resistance (11, 12), supporting the notion that the bacterial species residing in the obese gut harbor metabolically unfavorable properties....
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5,221 citations