Betanin a betacyanin pigment purified from fruits of Opuntia ficus-indica induces apoptosis in human chronic myeloid leukemia Cell line-K562.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that betanin induces apoptosis in K562 cells through the intrinsic pathway and is mediated by the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol, and PARP cleavage.
About: This article is published in Phytomedicine.The article was published on 2007-11-05. It has received 211 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Betanin & Apoptosis.
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: The identified natural cactus compounds and derivatives were shown to be endowed with biologically relevant activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, antimicrobial and neuroprotective properties.
Abstract: Opuntia ficus-indica, commonly referred to as prickly pear or nopal cactus, is a dicotyledonous angiosperm plant. It belongs to the Cactaceae family and is characterized by its remarkable adaptation to arid and semi-arid climates in tropical and subtropical regions of the globe. In the last decade, compelling evidence for the nutritional and health benefit potential of this cactus has been provided by academic scientists and private companies. Notably, its rich composition in polyphenols, vitamins, polyunsaturated fatty acids and amino acids has been highlighted through the use of a large panel of extraction methods. The identified natural cactus compounds and derivatives were shown to be endowed with biologically relevant activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, antimicrobial and neuroprotective properties. The present review is aimed at stressing the major classes of cactus components and their medical interest through emphasis on some of their biological effects, particularly those having the most promising expected health benefit and therapeutic impacts.
300 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the pharmacological properties of Betalains derived from sources such as red beetroot, amaranth, prickly pear and red pitahaya for potential application as functional foods are reviewed.
Abstract: Betalains are plant derived natural pigments that are presently gaining popularity for use as natural colorants in the food industry. The growing interest of consumers in the aesthetic, nutritional and safety aspects of food has increased the demand for natural pigments such as betalains to be used as alternative colorants in food products. Although betalains from red beetroot are one of the most widely used food colorant, betalains are not as well studied as compared to other natural pigments such as anthocyanins, carotenoids or chlorophylls. This paper reviews the pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-lipidemic and antimicrobial activity of betalains derived from sources such as red beetroot, amaranth, prickly pear and red pitahaya, for potential application as functional foods.
248 citations
TL;DR: A comprehensive view of the biosynthetic scheme of betalains is provided and the different reactions that have been demonstrated experimentally or proposed in the literature are discussed.
236 citations
TL;DR: The opportunity to take advantage of the large availability of this crop for purification of chemopreventive molecules to be used in functional foods and nutraceutical products is suggested.
189 citations
TL;DR: Analysis of the effects of Opuntia polysaccharides on human and murine macrophages demonstrated that all four fractions had potent immunomodulatory activity, inducing production of reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin 6.
178 citations
References
More filters
TL;DR: This assay is very reproducible and rapid with the dye binding process virtually complete in approximately 2 min with good color stability for 1 hr with little or no interference from cations such as sodium or potassium nor from carbohydrates such as sucrose.
225,085 citations
TL;DR: A tetrazolium salt has been used to develop a quantitative colorimetric assay for mammalian cell survival and proliferation and is used to measure proliferative lymphokines, mitogen stimulations and complement-mediated lysis.
50,114 citations
TL;DR: A variety of key events in apoptosis focus on mitochondria, including the release of caspase activators (such as cytochrome c), changes in electron transport, loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, altered cellular oxidation-reduction, and participation of pro- and antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins.
Abstract: A variety of key events in apoptosis focus on mitochondria, including the release of caspase activators (such as cytochrome c), changes in electron transport, loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, altered cellular oxidation-reduction, and participation of pro- and antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins. The different signals that converge on mitochondria to trigger or inhibit these events and their downstream effects delineate several major pathways in physiological cell death.
8,757 citations
TL;DR: In many instances, permeabilization of mitochondrial membranes is a rate-limiting step of apoptotic or necrotic cell demise, which has important consequences for the pathophysiology of cell death, as well as for its pharmacological control.
Abstract: In many instances, permeabilization of mitochondrial membranes is a rate-limiting step of apoptotic or necrotic cell demise. This has important consequences for the pathophysiology of cell death, as well as for its pharmacological control.
3,076 citations
TL;DR: The current view of the mechanisms that lead to the efflux of many proteins from mitochondria during apoptosis and the role played by Bcl-2 family proteins in the control of this event are summarized.
1,868 citations