Bioaugmentation of a two‐stage thermophilic (68°C/55°C) anaerobic digestion concept for improvement of the methane yield from cattle manure
TL;DR: The possibility of improving a two-stage (68 degrees C/55 degrees C) anaerobic digestion concept for treatment of cattle manure was studied in this paper, where a 10-24% increase of specific methane yield from cattle manure and its fractions was obtained, when the substrates were inoculated with bacteria of the genus Caldicellusiruptor and Dictyoglomus.
Abstract: The possibility of improving a two-stage (68 degrees C/55 degrees C) anaerobic digestion concept for treatment of cattle manure was studied. In batch experiments, a 10-24% increase of the specific methane yield from cattle manure and its fractions was obtained, when the substrates were inoculated with bacteria of the genus Caldicellusiruptor and Dictyoglomus. In a reactor experiment inoculation of a 68 degrees C pretreatment reactor with Caldicellusiruptor resulted in a 93% increase in the methane yield of the pretreatment reactor for a period of 18 days, but gave only a slight increase in the overall methane yield of the two-stage setup.
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TL;DR: This paper presents a review of the main sludge treatment techniques used as a pretreatment to anaerobic digestion, and it is likely that low impact pretreatment methods such as mechanical and thermal phased improve speed of degradation, while high impact methods improve both speed and extent of degradation.
1,058 citations
Cites background from "Bioaugmentation of a two‐stage ther..."
...Bioaugmentation by specific thermophilic hydrolytic anaerobic bacteria has been attempted, but not successful [30]....
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TL;DR: Results suggest that species related to those of the genus Methanoculleus play a dominant role in methanogenesis in the analysed fermentation sample, and assignment of numerous contig sequences toClostridial genomes including gene regions for cellulolytic functions indicates that clostridia are important for hydrolysis of cellulosic plant biomass in the biogas fermenter under study.
340 citations
Cites background from "Bioaugmentation of a two‐stage ther..."
...Very recently, t could be shown that inoculation of cattle manure with bacteia of the genus Caldicellusiruptor resulted in an increase of the pecific methane yield (Nielsen et al., 2007)....
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TL;DR: This review analyzes the requirements to conduct microbial management in anaerobic digestion, emphasizing the importance of understanding theAnaerobic microbiome and the need of establishing microbial indicators of optimal performance.
257 citations
Cites background from "Bioaugmentation of a two‐stage ther..."
...Increased methane yield (10–24%, Figure 2d, [54]) and shorter recovery period (70–80 days earlier, Figure 2e, [56]) were observed after bioaugmentation....
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...(d) Methane yield in a reactor bioaugmented with Caldicellulosiruptor lactoaceticus at day 28 [54]....
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...Bioaugmentation has been applied to enhance the degradation of problematic substrates, such as lipid-rich feedstocks [54,55], or to recover digester performance after perturbation [56,57]....
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TL;DR: The results strongly indicate that archaea related to the genus Methanoculleus are the main producers of methane in the analyzed biogas reactor sample, and a phylogenetic analysis of glycosyl hydrolase protein families suggests that Clostridia play an important role in the digestion of polysaccharides and oligosaccharides.
228 citations
Cites background from "Bioaugmentation of a two‐stage ther..."
...Hence . saccharolyticus is regarded as well suited for the degradation of ellulose-containing biomass (Nielsen et al., 2007)....
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TL;DR: A 31.3% increase in methane production yield in the CSTR reactor, at steady-state, after bioaugmentation, and high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis showed a 5-fold increase in relative abundance of Methanoculleus spp.
Abstract: Ammonia-rich substrates inhibit the anaerobic digestion (AD) process and constitute the main reason for low energy recovery in full-scale reactors. It is estimated that many full-scale AD reactors are operating in ammonia induced “inhibited steady-state” with significant losses of the potential biogas production yield. To date there are not any reliable methods to alleviate the ammonia toxicity effect or to efficiently digest ammonia-rich waste. In the current study, bioaugmentation as a possible method to alleviate ammonia toxicity effect in a mesophilic continuously stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) operating under “inhibited steady state” was tested. A fast growing hydrogenotrophic methanogen (i.e., Methanoculleus bourgensis MS2T) was bioaugmented in the CSTR reactor at high ammonia levels (5 g NH4+-N L–1). A second CSTR reactor was used as control with no bioaugmentation. The results derived from this study clearly demonstrated a 31.3% increase in methane production yield in the CSTR reactor, at steady-stat...
186 citations
References
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TL;DR: A stable anaerobic degradation of swine manure with ammonia concentration of 6 g-N/litre was obtained in continuously stirred tank reactors with a hydraulic retention time of 15 days, at four different temperatures as discussed by the authors.
1,120 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the methane potential and biodegradability of three types of fractions deriving from manure separation were tested, and the volumetric methane yield of straw was found to be higher than the yield from total manure and the solid fractions of manure, due to the higher volatile solids content, and hence the use of straw as bedding material will increase the volume and livestock-based methane productivity.
Abstract: The methane productivity of manure in terms of volatile solids (VS), volume and livestock production was determined. The theoretical methane productivity is higher in pig (516 l kg −1 VS ) and sow (530 l kg −1 VS ) manure than in dairy cattle manure (469 l kg −1 VS ) , while the ultimate methane yield in terms of VS is considerably higher in pig (356 l kg −1 VS ) and sow manure (275 l kg −1 VS ) than in dairy cattle manure (148 l kg −1 VS ) . Methane productivity based on livestock units (LU) shows the lowest methane productivity for sows (165 m 3 CH 4 LU −1 ) , while the other animal categories are in the same range (282– 301 m 3 CH 4 LU −1 ). Pre-treatment of manure by separation is a way of making fractions of the manure that have a higher gas potential per volume. Theoretical methane potential and biodegradability of three types of fractions deriving from manure separation were tested. The volumetric methane yield of straw was found to be higher than the yield from total manure and the solid fractions of manure, due to the higher VS content, and hence the use of straw as bedding material will increase the volumetric as well as the livestock-based methane productivity.
710 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of temperature in the range of 40-64°C on thermophilic anaerobic digestion of cattle manure with two different ammonia concentrations (2.5 and 6.0 g-N/l) was investigated in continuouslyfed lab-scale reactors: the higher ammonia concentration reduced the maximum tolerable temperature.
455 citations
01 Jan 1998
TL;DR: In this paper, several treatment methods were tested and the best results showed an approximately 20% increase of the biogas potential with fibers smaller than 0.35 mm as measured by batch experiments and an increase was approximately 16% with fibers of size 2 mm.
Abstract: The biogas potential of manure could be significantly increased by treatment of the recalcitrant organic matter (biofibers) contained in the manure. Several treatment methods were tested. Mechanical maceration resulted in an average increase of the biogas potential of approximately 17% as shown by the continuous stirred reactor experiment. In general the smaller the fibers the higher the biogas potential was. The best results showed an approximately 20% increase of the biogas potential with fibers smaller than 0.35 mm as measured by batch experiments. The increase was approximately 16% with fibers of size 2 mm. Chemical treatment of the fibers with bases such as NaOH, NH4OH or a combination of bases also resulted in an increased methane potential. However, combination of maceration and chemical treatment did not result in a further increase of the methane potential. There was not any significant difference of the biogas potential from fibers in the range 5-20 mm. Treatment of the fibers with hemicellulolytic or cellulolytic enzymes did not result in any significant increase of the methane potential. However, biological treatment of the fibers of the manure with the hemicellulose degrading bacterium B4 resulted in a significant increase of the biogas potential of manure. An increase of approximately 30% in methane potential was achieved compared to controls.
258 citations
TL;DR: Anaerobic bacteria, unlike aerobes, appear to have evolved more energy-conserving mechanisms for physiological adaptation to environmental stresses such as novel enzyme activities and stabilities and novel membrane lipid compositions and functions.
241 citations