Biochar as a sorbent for contaminant management in soil and water: a review.
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Cites background or result from "Biochar as a sorbent for contaminan..."
...Ahmad et al. (2013a) found that the presence of more carbonized matters in the biochars produced at high pyrolytic temperatures caused greater adsorption of trichloroethylene (TCE)....
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...The change of biochar pH is consistent with the Boehm titration results, which indicated that total acidity in the biochars decreased, while total basicity increased remarkably with increasing pyrolytic temperature (Ahmad et al., 2013a)....
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...While, nearly 15–25% of biochar still remained even temperature up to 700 C (Ahmad et al., 2012, 2013a; Oh et al., 2012; Chen et al., 2012b; Qian and Chen, 2013), which confirmed the thermal stability of biochar as an adsorbent....
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...Similar conclusions of greater adsorption capacity with higher pyrolytic temperature were also drawn by Zhou et al. (2010) and Ahmad et al. (2013a)....
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...However, very little review article describe the use of biochar for the removal of pollutants in water (Ahmad et al., 2013b)....
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1,170 citations
1,091 citations
Cites background from "Biochar as a sorbent for contaminan..."
...Oxygen-containing compounds including byproducts catechol, substituted catechol, unsaturated anhydrosugars, and diols generally are effective in reducing CrVI to CrIII (Mohan et al., 2011; Ahmad et al., 2014)....
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...Much research has explored its ability for heavy metal removal from water (Ahmad et al., 2014; Mohan et al., 2014)....
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...Based on literatures, five mechanisms governing metal sorption from water by biochar have been proposed (Ahmad et al., 2014; Mohan et al., 2014; Nartey and Zhao, 2014; Qian et al., 2015; Tan et al., 2015; Xie et al., 2015; Inyanga et al., 2016)....
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...Oxygen-containing compounds including byproducts catechol, substituted catechol, unsaturated anhydrosugars, and diols generally are effective in reducing CrVI to CrIII (Mohan et al., 2011; Ahmad et al., 2014)....
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...…biochar production technologies and metal removal performance (thermodynamics, kinetics, isotherms, capacity, and mechanisms) from water using biochar (Ahmad et al., 2014; Mohan et al., 2014; Nartey and Zhao, 2014; Qian et al., 2015; Tan et al., 2015; Xie et al., 2015; Inyanga et al., 2016)....
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References
4,988 citations
"Biochar as a sorbent for contaminan..." refers background or methods in this paper
...Pyrolysis is generally divided into fast, intermediate, and slow depending on the residence time and temperature (Table 1; Mohan et al., 2006)....
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...However, bioenergy production is dependent on the pyrolysis conditions, in which the slow pyrolysis results in a lower yield of liquid fuel and more biochar, whereas the fast pyrolysis generates more liquid fuel (bio-oil) with relatively less biochar (Mohan et al., 2006)....
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...Fast pyrolysis with a very short residence time (<2 s) is often used to produce bio-oil from biomass yielding about 75% bio-oil (Mohan et al., 2006)....
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...The resulting gas mixture is known as synthetic gas or syngas (Mohan et al., 2006)....
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...Slow and intermediate pyrolysis processes with a residence time of few minutes to several hours or even days are generally favored for biochar 2009), Mohan et al. (2006), and Sohi et al. (2009)]....
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3,612 citations
"Biochar as a sorbent for contaminan..." refers background in this paper
...Increased microbial population and microbial activity in soils amended with biochar have also been observed (Verheijen et al., 2010; Lehmann et al., 2011)....
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...Significant changes in soil microbial communities and enzyme activities influence biogeochemical processes in soils (Lehmann et al., 2011; Awad et al., 2012)....
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2,705 citations
"Biochar as a sorbent for contaminan..." refers background in this paper
...The increase in proton supply for Cr(VI) reduction may be attributed to the presence of several O-containing acidic (carbonyl, lactonic, carboxylic, hydroxyl, and phenol) and basic (chromene, ketone, and pyrone) functional groups (Goldberg, 1985; Boehm, 1994)....
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2,514 citations
"Biochar as a sorbent for contaminan..." refers background in this paper
...Significant increases in seed germination, plant growth, and crop yields have been reported in the soils amended with biochars (Glaser et al., 2002)....
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...About 18% increase in the water holding capacity of soil containing biochar was reported (Glaser et al., 2002)....
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2,283 citations
"Biochar as a sorbent for contaminan..." refers background in this paper
...Aromatic p-systems in highly polar biochars, produced at 400 C, are rich in electron-withdrawing functional groups (Keiluweit et al., 2010)....
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...A comprehensive comparison was made by Keiluweit et al. (2010) among different biochars derived from grass and wood biomass based on pyrolysis temperature....
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...At P700 C, 90% C is produced in biochars from different feedstocks (Chen et al., 2008; Keiluweit et al., 2010; Lian et al., 2011; Uchimiya et al., 2011a), which is attributed to the graphitization of C into well-organized layers....
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...…Feed lot 350 2.5 51.1 47.9 23.5 28.7 9.1 53.32 4.05 15.70 3.64 1.3 – Cantrell et al. (2012) Feed lot 700 8.3 32.2 19.8 36.3 44.0 10.3 52.41 0.91 7.20 1.70 145.2 – Cantrell et al. (2012) Fescue straw 100 – 99.9 69.6 23.5 6.9 – 48.60 7.25 44.10 0.64 1.8 – Keiluweit et al. (2010) Fescue straw…...
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...…al. (2010) Pine shaving 200 – 95.9 77.1 21.4 1.5 – 50.90 6.95 42.20 0.04 2.3 – Keiluweit et al. (2010) Pine shaving 300 – 62.2 70.3 28.2 1.5 – 54.80 6.50 38.70 0.05 3.0 – Keiluweit et al. (2010) Pine shaving 400 – 35.3 36.4 62.2 1.1 – 74.10 4.95 20.90 0.06 28.7 – Keiluweit et al. (2010) Pine…...
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