Biochar soil amendment increased bacterial but decreased fungal gene abundance with shifts in community structure in a slightly acid rice paddy from Southwest China
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...To clearly interpret the microbial responses to biochar application in soils, gene copy numbers can serve as a more sensitive parameter than microbial biomass (Chen et al., 2013)....
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...…gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP), and high-throughput sequencing (also known as next-generation sequencing, or NGS) of soil microbial genes (Chen et al., 2013; Hale et al., 2014; Kolton et al., 2011; Mackie et al., 2015; Rousk et al., 2009)....
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...Such a process is essential to explain the effects of biochar on soil remediation (Chen et al., 2013; Hale et al., 2014; Kolton et al., 2011; Mackie et al., 2015; Rousk et al., 2009)....
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...Various techniques are used to test microbial activity and community structure, including ergosterol extraction, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), phospholipid fatty acid quantitation (PLFA), molecular fingerprinting of 16S rRNA gene fragments including denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP), and high-throughput sequencing (also known as next-generation sequencing, or NGS) of soil microbial genes (Chen et al., 2013; Hale et al., 2014; Kolton et al., 2011; Mackie et al., 2015; Rousk et al., 2009)....
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...Chen et al. (2013) also found that increased soil pH led to increasing alkaline phosphatase but decreasing acid phosphatase activities....
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