Biocomposites reinforced with natural fibers: 2000–2010

doi:10.1016/J.PROGPOLYMSCI.2012.04.003

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Biocomposites reinforced with natural fibers: 2000–2010

Journal Article•DOI•

Biocomposites reinforced with natural fibers: 2000–2010

Omar Faruk¹, Omar Faruk², Andrzej K. Bledzki¹, Andrzej K. Bledzki³, Hans-Peter Fink⁴, Mohini Sain² - Show less +2 more•Institutions (4)

University of Kassel¹, University of Toronto², West Pomeranian University of Technology³, Fraunhofer Society⁴

01 Nov 2012-Progress in Polymer Science (Pergamon)-Vol. 37, Iss: 11, pp 1552-1596

TL;DR: A comprehensive review of literature on bio-fiber reinforced composites is presented in this paper, where the overall characteristics of reinforcing fibers used in biocomposites, including source, type, structure, composition, as well as mechanical properties, are reviewed.

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About: This article is published in Progress in Polymer Science.The article was published on 2012-11-01. It has received 3074 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Biocomposite & Transfer molding.

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Journal Article•DOI•

Progress in Green Polymer Composites from Lignin for Multifunctional Applications: A Review

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Vijay Kumar Thakur¹, Manju Kumari Thakur², Prasanth Raghavan³, Michael R. Kessler¹•Institutions (3)

Washington State University¹, Himachal Pradesh University², Rice University³

07 Apr 2014-ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering

TL;DR: Lignin is one of the three major components found in the cell walls of natural lignocellulosic materials and is widely available as a major byproduct of a number of industries involved in retrieving the polysaccharide components of plants for industrial applications, such as in paper making, ethanol production from biomass, etc.

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Abstract: Rising environmental concerns and depletion of petro-chemical resources has resulted in an increased interest in biorenewable polymer-based environmentally friendly materials. Among biorenewable polymers, lignin is the second most abundant and fascinating natural polymer next to cellulose. Lignin is one of the three major components found in the cell walls of natural lignocellulosic materials. Lignin is widely available as a major byproduct of a number of industries involved in retrieving the polysaccharide components of plants for industrial applications, such as in paper making, ethanol production from biomass, etc. The impressive properties of lignin, such as its high abundance, low weight, environmentally friendliness and its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and biodegradable nature, along with its CO2 neutrality and reinforcing capability, make it an ideal candidate for the development of novel polymer composite materials. Considerable efforts are now being made to effectively utilize waste lignin as one ...

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1,065 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

A Review on Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite and Its Applications

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Layth Mohammed¹, Mohamed Nainar Mohamed Ansari¹, Grace Pua, Mohammad Jawaid², M. Saiful Islam² - Show less +1 more•Institutions (2)

Universiti Tenaga Nasional¹, Universiti Putra Malaysia²

01 Oct 2015-International Journal of Polymer Science

TL;DR: A comprehensive review of the most appropriate and widely used natural fiber reinforced polymer composites (NFPCs) and their applications is presented in this paper. But, the results of the review are limited due to the high water absorption, inferior fire resistance, and lower mechanical properties of NFPCs.

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Abstract: Natural fibers are getting attention from researchers and academician to utilize in polymer composites due to their ecofriendly nature and sustainability. The aim of this review article is to provide a comprehensive review of the foremost appropriate as well as widely used natural fiber reinforced polymer composites (NFPCs) and their applications. In addition, it presents summary of various surface treatments applied to natural fibers and their effect on NFPCs properties. The properties of NFPCs vary with fiber type and fiber source as well as fiber structure. The effects of various chemical treatments on the mechanical and thermal properties of natural fibers reinforcements thermosetting and thermoplastics composites were studied. A number of drawbacks of NFPCs like higher water absorption, inferior fire resistance, and lower mechanical properties limited its applications. Impacts of chemical treatment on the water absorption, tribology, viscoelastic behavior, relaxation behavior, energy absorption flames retardancy, and biodegradability properties of NFPCs were also highlighted. The applications of NFPCs in automobile and construction industry and other applications are demonstrated. It concluded that chemical treatment of the natural fiber improved adhesion between the fiber surface and the polymer matrix which ultimately enhanced physicomechanical and thermochemical properties of the NFPCs.

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1,022 citations

Cites background from "Biocomposites reinforced with natur..."

...This structure gives to thermoset polymer good properties such as high flexibility for tailoring desired ultimate properties, great strength, and modulus [3, 4]....
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...At 65% humidity at 21C, the equilibrium moisture content of some natural fiber can be observed in Table 4 [4]....
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...The plants, which produce cellulose fibers can be classified into bast fibers (jute, flax, ramie, hemp, and kenaf), seed fibers (cotton, coir, and kapok), leaf fibers (sisal, pineapple, and abaca), grass and reed fibers (rice, corn, and wheat), and core fibers (hemp, kenaf, and jute) as well as all other kinds (wood and roots) [4]....
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...Table 1: Natural fibers in the world and their world production [4]....
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...Table 2: Chemical composition of some common natural fibers [4]....
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Journal Article•DOI•

A review of the recent developments in biocomposites based on natural fibres and their application perspectives

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T. Gurunathan¹, Smita Mohanty¹, Sanjay K. Nayak¹•Institutions (1)

Central Institute of Plastics Engineering and Technology¹

01 Oct 2015-Composites Part A-applied Science and Manufacturing

TL;DR: In this paper, a brief outline of work that covers in the area of biocomposites, major class of biodegradable polymers, natural fibres, as well as their manufacturing techniques and properties has been highlighted.

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Abstract: The growing ecological and environmental consciousness has driven efforts for development of new innovative materials for various end-use applications. Polymers synthesized from natural resources, have gained considerable research interest in the recent years. This review paper is intended to provide a brief outline of work that covers in the area of biocomposites, major class of biodegradable polymers, natural fibres, as well as their manufacturing techniques and properties has been highlighted. Various surface modification methods were incorporated to improve the fibre–matrix adhesion resulting in the enhancement of mechanical properties of the biocomposites. Moreover, an economical impact and future direction of these materials has been critically reviewed. This review concludes that the biocomposites form one of the emerging areas in polymer science that gain attention for use in various applications ranging from automobile to the building industries.

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894 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Processing and characterization of natural cellulose fibers/thermoset polymer composites.

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Vijay Kumar Thakur¹, Manju Kumari Thakur²•Institutions (2)

Washington State University¹, Himachal Pradesh University²

30 Aug 2014-Carbohydrate Polymers

TL;DR: The prime aim of this review article is to demonstrate the recent development and emerging applications of natural cellulose fibers and their polymer materials.

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775 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

A review on modification methods to cellulose-based adsorbents to improve adsorption capacity

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Sanna Hokkanen¹, Amit Bhatnagar², Mika Sillanpää¹•Institutions (2)

Lappeenranta University of Technology¹, University of Eastern Finland²

15 Mar 2016-Water Research

TL;DR: It is evident from the literature survey presented herein that modified cellulose-based adsorbents exhibit good potential for the removal of various aquatic pollutants, however, still there is a need to find out the practical utility of these adsorbent on a commercial scale, leading to the improvement of pollution control.

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747 citations

Additional excerpts

...4 glycosidic linkages (Faruk et al., 2012; Henriksson and Berglund, 2007; O'Connell et al., 2008) (Fig....
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References

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Journal Article•DOI•

Processing and characterization of reinforced polyethylene composites made with lignocellulosic fibers from Egyptian agro-industrial residues

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Youssef Habibi¹, Waleed K. El-Zawawy, Maha M. Ibrahim, Alain Dufresne¹•Institutions (1)

École Normale Supérieure¹

01 Jun 2008-Composites Science and Technology

TL;DR: In this article, the chemical composition of natural lignocellulosic fibers extracted from Egyptian industrial crops, viz. cotton stalk, rice straw, bagasse, and banana plant waste, was determined.

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250 citations

"Biocomposites reinforced with natur..." refers methods in this paper

...Similar investigations (PE as matrix) were carried out using soya powder [244], curaua [245], rape straw [246,247], hemp [248], rice straw [249], bagasse [250] rice hull fibers [251] and LDPE as matrixes with wheat straw [252], abaca, bagasse and rice straw fibers [253]....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Thermogravimetric analysis of rice husk flour filled thermoplastic polymer composites

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Hyun-Hwi Kim¹, Han Seung Yang¹, H. J. Kim¹, H.-J. Park•Institutions (1)

Seoul National University¹

03 Nov 2004-Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry

TL;DR: In this paper, the thermal degradation and thermal stability of rice husk flour (RHF) filled polypropylene (PP) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites in a nitrogen atmosphere were studied using thermogravimetric analysis.

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Abstract: The thermal degradation and thermal stability of rice husk flour (RHF) filled polypropylene (PP) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites in a nitrogen atmosphere were studied using thermogravimetric analysis. The thermal stability of pure PP and HDPE was found to be higher than that of wood flour (WF) and RHF. As the content of RHF increased, the thermal stability of the composites decreased and the ash content increased. The activation energy of the RHF filled PP composites increased slowly in the initial stage until α=0.3 (30% of thermal degradation region) and thereafter remained almost constant, whereas that of the RHF filled HDPE composites decreased at between 30 and 40 mass% of RHF content. The activation energy of the composites was found to depend on the dispersion and interfacial adhesion of RHF in the PP and HDPE matrix polymers.

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247 citations

"Biocomposites reinforced with natur..." refers background in this paper

...Other studies have focused on: flame retardant properties of rice husk/PE composites [148], the using of rice husk as filler for rice husk/PP composites [149], the thermogravimetric analysis of rice husk filled HDPE and PP composites [150], the enhancement of the processability of rice husk/HDPE composites [151], the effect of the percentage of rice husk content, hydroxyl groups and size on the flexural, tensile, and impact properties of rice husk/polyurethane composites [152], nonlinear viscoelastic creep characterization of HDPE-rice husk composites [153], the effect of the rice husk size and composition on the injection molding processability of rice husk/PE composites [154], photocatalytic performance of a carbon/TiO2 composite with rice husk [155], the effect of different concentrations and sizes of particles of rice husk ash-in the mechanical properties of rice husk/PP composites [156], the effect of different coupling agent on rice husk/copolymer PP composites [157], dimensional properties of rice husk/unsaturated polyester composites [158], and carbon/silica composites fabricated from rice husk by means of binder-less hot-pressing [159]....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Barley husk and coconut shell reinforced polypropylene composites: The effect of fibre physical, chemical and surface properties

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Andrzej K. Bledzki¹, Abdullah A. Mamun¹, Jürgen Volk•Institutions (1)

University of Kassel¹

01 May 2010-Composites Science and Technology

TL;DR: In this article, the potential of grain by-product such as barley husk, coconut shell as reinforcements for thermoplastic as an alternative or together with wood fibres was investigated, where the particle morphology and particle size was investigated by scanning electron microscopy.

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245 citations

Additional excerpts

...ical, chemical and surface properties on the thermal and mechanical properties of coir/PP composites were investigated and evaluated [135]....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Influence of chemical treatments on surface properties and adhesion of flax fibre-polyester resin

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Christophe Baley¹, Frédéric Busnel¹, Yves Grohens¹, Olivier Sire¹•Institutions (1)

University of Southern Brittany¹

01 Oct 2006-Composites Part A-applied Science and Manufacturing

TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of the chemical treatment on the surface tension of flax fibres investigated by wettability measurements was investigated by infrared microspectroscopy and finally on the adherence of resin microdrops was probed by a microbond test.

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Abstract: Vegetal fibres among which flax fibres are often used in reinforced composite materials have exhibited numerous advantages such as high mechanical properties, low density and biodegradability. It is well known that the mechanical performances of a composite material strongly depend on the nature and orientation of the fibres and the nature of the matrix but also on the quality of the adhesion between the two components. In order to be incorporated in composites, individual flax fibres require further chemical treatments even after long time dew retting in the field. In this study we focussed on the influence of the chemical treatment on the surface tension of flax fibres investigated by wettability measurements. The chemical composition of the modified surfaces was characterized by infrared microspectroscopy and finally on the adherence of resin microdrops was probed by a microbond test. The results obtained from classical sodium hydroxyl plus acetic anhydride based treatments and with formic acid treatment exhibits a general increase of the flax fibre/unsaturated polyester adhesion. However, no agreement was found between the calculated reversible adhesion energy, W A , and the experimentally measured interfacial shear strength. It was pointed out that the complex composite nature of flax fibres has to be taken into account to get a better understanding of the adhesion in the multiscale complex composite system built up in flax reinforced polymers.

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245 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Starch-based nanocomposites reinforced with flax cellulose nanocrystals

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Xiaodong Cao, Yun Chen, Peter R. Chang, A. D. Muir, G. Falk - Show less +1 more

01 Jan 2008-Express Polymer Letters

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of loading of flax cellulose nanocrystals (FCNs) on the morphology, thermal behavior, mechanical properties and water sensitivity of the films were investigated by means of wide-angle X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, tensile testing, and water absorption testing.

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Abstract: In this study, the cellulose crystals, prepared by acid hydrolysis of flax fiber, consisted of slender rods with lengths ranging from 100 to 500 nm and diameters ranging from 10 to 30 nm, respectively After mixing the suspension of flax cellulose nanocrystals (FCNs) and plasticized starch (PS), the nanocomposite films were obtained by the casting method The effects of FCNs loading on the morphology, thermal behaviour, mechanical properties and water sensitivity of the films were investigated by means of wide-angle X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, tensile testing, and water absorption testing Scanning electron microscopy photographs of the failure surfaces clearly demonstrated a homogeneous dispersion of FCNs within the PS matrix and strong interfacial adherence between matrix and fillers, which led to an increase of glass transition temperature ascribed to the starch molecular chains in the starch-rich phase In particular, these nanocomposite films exhibited a significant increase in tensile strength and Young’s modulus from 39 to 119 MPa and from 319 to 4982 MPa, respectively, with increasing FCNs content from 0 to 30 wt% Also, with a loading of FCNs, the resulting nanocomposite films showed a higher water resistance Therefore, FCNs played an important role in improving the mechanical properties and water resistance of the starch-based materials

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245 citations

"Biocomposites reinforced with natur..." refers background in this paper

...In the literature there are reports of cellulose nano/microfibril extraction from diverse non-wood sources including hemp fibers [481,482], sugar beet pulp [483,484], potato pulp [485], swede root [486], bagasse [487–491], sisal [492,493], algae [494], stems of cacti [495,496], banana rachis [497], flax fibers [498,499], plantain [500], water hyacinth [501], bamboo [502], coir [503], pea hull [504], pineapple leaf [505], and wheat straw [506]....
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