Journal ArticleDOI
Biofilms in chronic wounds
Garth A. James,Ellen Swogger,Randall D. Wolcott,Elinor deLancey Pulcini,Patrick R. Secor,Jennifer Sestrich,J. W. Costerton,Philip S. Stewart +7 more
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TLDR
Bacterial biofilm prevalence in specimens from chronic wounds relative to acute wounds observed in this study provides evidence that biofilms may be abundant in chronic wounds.Abstract:
Chronic wounds including diabetic foot ulcers, pressure ulcers, and venous leg ulcers are a worldwide health problem. It has been speculated that bacteria colonizing chronic wounds exist as highly persistent biofilm communities. This research examined chronic and acute wounds for biofilms and characterized microorganisms inhabiting these wounds. Chronic wound specimens were obtained from 77 subjects and acute wound specimens were obtained from 16 subjects. Culture data were collected using standard clinical techniques. Light and scanning electron microscopy techniques were used to analyze 50 of the chronic wound specimens and the 16 acute wound specimens. Molecular analyses were performed on the remaining 27 chronic wound specimens using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and sequence analysis. Of the 50 chronic wound specimens evaluated by microscopy, 30 were characterized as containing biofilm (60%), whereas only one of the 16 acute wound specimens was characterized as containing biofilm (6%). This was a statistically significant difference (p<0.001). Molecular analyses of chronic wound specimens revealed diverse polymicrobial communities and the presence of bacteria, including strictly anaerobic bacteria, not revealed by culture. Bacterial biofilm prevalence in specimens from chronic wounds relative to acute wounds observed in this study provides evidence that biofilms may be abundant in chronic wounds.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Wound repair and regeneration: Mechanisms, signaling, and translation
TL;DR: In this review, emerging concepts in tissue regeneration and repair are highlighted, and some perspectives on how to translate current knowledge into viable clinical approaches for treating patients with wound-healing pathologies are provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epithelialization in Wound Healing: A Comprehensive Review
Irena Pastar,Olivera Stojadinovic,Natalie C. Yin,Horacio Ramirez,Aron G. Nusbaum,Andrew P. Sawaya,Shailee Patel,Laiqua Khalid,R. Isseroff,Marjana Tomic-Canic +9 more
TL;DR: The pivotal role of keratinocytes in epithelialization is focused on, including cellular processes and mechanisms of their regulation during re-epithelialization, and their cross talk with other cell types participating in wound healing.
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The role of bacterial biofilms in chronic infections
TL;DR: Evidence is presented to support a view that the biofilm lifestyle dominates chronic bacterial infections, where bacterial aggregation is the default mode, and that subsequent biofilm development progresses by adaptation to nutritional and environmental conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Survey of bacterial diversity in chronic wounds using Pyrosequencing, DGGE, and full ribosome shotgun sequencing
Scot E. Dowd,Yan-Yan Sun,Patrick R. Secor,Daniel D. Rhoads,Benjamin M Wolcott,Garth A. James,Randall D. Wolcott +6 more
TL;DR: The use of 3 separate16S-based molecular amplifications followed by pyrosequencing, shotgun Sanger sequencing, and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis were utilized to survey the major populations of bacteria that occur in the pathogenic biofilms of three types of chronic wound types.
Journal ArticleDOI
The in vivo biofilm
Thomas Bjarnsholt,Thomas Bjarnsholt,Maria Alhede,Morten Alhede,Morten Alhede,Steffen Robert Eickhardt-Sørensen,Claus Moser,Michael Kühl,Michael Kühl,Michael Kühl,Peter Østrup Jensen,Niels Høiby,Niels Høiby +12 more
TL;DR: Why the current in vitro models of biofilms might be limited for describing infectious biofilmms are discussed, and new strategies for improving this discrepancy are suggested.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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TL;DR: A detailed analysis of wound microbiology, together with current opinion and controversies regarding wound assessment and treatment, has attempted to capture and address microbiological aspects that are critical to the successful management of microorganisms in wounds.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bacterial Biofilms: An Emerging Link to Disease Pathogenesis
TL;DR: This chapter discusses three infections that are caused by biofilms--infectious kidney stones, bacterial endocarditis, and cystic fibrosis lung infections--and focuses on the role of the biofilm in disease pathogenesis.