Biomimetic Coating on Titanium Metal and Its Excellent Cell Proliferation
TL;DR: In this paper, a biomimetic coating on roughed titanium plates was prepared by a cathode deposition method in calcium phosphate solution electrolyte, where the coating crystals were identified to be carbonate-containing apatite by X-ray diffraction and scanning electronic microscopy.
Abstract: Biomimetic coating on roughed titanium plates were prepared in this work by a cathode deposition method in calcium phosphate solution electrolyte. The coatings of plate-like apatite crystals were deposited on the titanium plates under a constant potential of 2.0V for 60 min at 37 . The coating crystals were identified to be carbonate-containing apatite (bone-like apatite) by X-ray diffraction and scanning electronic microscopy. The cell proliferation and adhesion of L929 cells on the titanium metal plates with biomimetic coating and the titanium plates with roughed-only were tested. The results showed that biomimetic coating on titanium surface can enhance the materials bioactivity. The study indicated that cathode method is potential to prepare biomimetic coating on titanium implants with excellent bioactivity.
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TL;DR: The bioactive electrodeposited TiOx layers on the AT surface showed lower water contact angles and higher surface energy than pure titanium surfaces (CT) and displayed higher collagen molecule immobilization.
Abstract: A simple electrodeposition method is presented for the preparing of collagen nanofilms (EAT) on anodic oxidized titanium surfaces (AT). The nanofilms were observed by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Functional TiOx layers with anionic groups of --PO(4), --SO(4) and --OH were investigated on the AT surface by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction results indicated that the AT surface was composed mainly of anatase and rutile. The bioactive electrodeposited TiOx layers on the AT surface showed lower water contact angles and higher surface energy than pure titanium surfaces (CT) and displayed higher collagen molecule immobilization.
10 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a hydroxyapatite (HA) film with or without collagen was electrochemically deposited on a bioactivated titanium metal prepared by acid-alkali treatment, so as to improve the biocompatibility of bioactive titanium metals.
Abstract: A hydroxyapatite (HA) film with or without collagen was electrochemically deposited on a bioactivated titanium metal prepared by acid-alkali treatment, so as to improve the biocompatibility of bioactive titanium metals. The cell response of the film was studied with MG63 osteoblasts culture. It was found that the hydroxyapatite formation in the film during the deposition process was inhibited when collagen was added in the electrolyte. More hydroxyapatite with and without collagen could be deposited on the bioactivated titanium than the control titanium metal without treatment, which indicated that the bioactivation process before the electrochemical deposition could accelerate the deposition. The abilities of cell attachment and proliferation were improved by the film especially in the group containing collagen, and the film on the bioactivated metal had higher cell response ability than that on the titanium without treatment. The results indicated that the hydroxyapatite/collagen film could improve the biocompatibility of the bioactive titanium metal surface, and the bioactivation surface modification could further regulate the film and its cell response. It is possible to get a titanium surface with higher bioactivity than the traditional bioactive titanium surface by combining the bioactivation surface modification and electrochemical deposition HA/collagen film.
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TL;DR: The results support the proposal that calcium hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate are appropriate as bone replacement materials and a large amount of biodegradable porous calcium aluminate ceramic should not be used as an alternative to autogeneous bone grafting.
Abstract: Following the transplantation of bone marrow cells to extra-osseous sites, bone formation occurs in those sites. This osteogenic potential of bone marrow cells might be utilized for filling defects in bone if they could be transported on porous ceramic materials. Before such an approach becomes feasible, it is important to know what happens to the cells in the presence of the ceramics that might be used. In order to investigate the interaction between bone marrow cells and ceramics, in vitro, a system for culturing bone marrow cells on ceramic materials has been developed. Bone marrow cells adhered well to the surface of calcium hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate ceramics, and this was followed by the formation of fibrous tissue on and within the ceramics. These ceramics were compatible with bone marrow cells even in culture conditions in which there was a large surface area of ceramic interfacing with cells. The results support the proposal that calcium hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate are appropriate as bone replacement materials. In contrast, calcium aluminate had an adverse effect on bone marrow cells when there was a high proportion of ceramic to culture medium. However, this effect was not present if the proportion of ceramic to culture medium was low. Therefore, a large amount of biodegradable porous calcium aluminate ceramic should not be used as an alternative to autogeneous bone grafting.
230 citations
TL;DR: In this work, a precalcification (Pre-Ca) procedure was applied by soaking the two-step treated titanium in Na2HPO4 and then saturated Ca(OH)2 solution before immersion in SCS to accelerate further the CPL precipitation.
185 citations
TL;DR: No significant increase for the volume of bone ingrowth was established for treated implants compared to paired controls at any time period and the osteoconductive properties of the ceramic coating demonstrated by bone forming in direct contact with the calcium phosphate coating on the metal fibers of the treated implants.
Abstract: Porous titanium fiber implants for cementless skeletal fixation by bone ingrowth were treated with a calcium phosphate coating applied by a plasma flame-spray technique. In a paired experiment, treated and control implants were inserted in the humeri and olecranons of 36 adult dogs for periods of 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks. After the animals were sacrificed, a biomechanical evaluation of the strength of skeletal fixation of the implants and a histologic evaluation of bone ingrowth was done. The mean shear strength of skeletal fixation at four weeks for the calcium phosphate-coated implants was 24% greater (P less than .01) than for paired controls. No difference in strength of fixation between treated and control implants was present at other time periods. The osteoconductive properties of the ceramic coating were demonstrated by bone forming in direct contact with the calcium phosphate coating on the metal fibers of the treated implants. No significant increase for the volume of bone ingrowth was established for treated implants compared to paired controls at any time period.
166 citations
TL;DR: The present study provides the possibility to achieve a long-term effective release of biologically active proteins from a Ca-P-coated metallic implant.
Abstract: Calcium phosphate (Ca-P) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were coprecipitated as a coating on commercially pure titanium (cpTi) with a high protein loading (15 wt %) by employing a recently developed wet-chemistry technique. It was observed that the incorporation of BSA significantly modified the morphology, composition, and crystallinity of the Ca-P coating. The Ca-P coating without BSA is a mixture of hydroxyapatite (HA) and octacalcium phosphate (OCP) with sharp-edged thin OCP crystal plates on the top layer, whereas only an HA phase was detected in the Ca-P/BSA coating. The crystal plates in the latter had a more rounded appearance. The Ca-P/BSA coatings were immersed respectively in neutral (pH 7.4) and acidic (starting pH 4.0) phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at 37°C over a 14-day period. No protein release was detected in the neutral PBS during the immersion; however, a continuous release of BSA was measured in the acidic PBS, subsequently leading to the formation of a very dense and well-adherent composite coating of BSA and Ca-P on cpTi. The present study provides the possibility to achieve a long-term effective release of biologically active proteins from a Ca-P-coated metallic implant. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 46, 245–252, 1999.
133 citations
TL;DR: Data show less osseointegration of Co Cr implants with this blasted surface for this short period, possibly due to a slight difference in surface roughness and some negative effects of CoCr on bone attachment.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare the osseointegration of surface-blasted Ti6Al4V and CoCr implants in vivo. Ti6Al4V and CoCr rods blasted with 710 μm Al2O3 particles were bilaterally press-fit into the medullary space of distal femora of 24 rabbits. Evaluation was made radiographically, histologically, histomorphometrically (3, 6, and 12 weeks after implantation), and mechanically (12 weeks). Both Ti6Al4V and CoCr implants demonstrated good biocompatibility radiographically and histologically. Toluidine blue-stained sections revealed an osteoconductive effect of the blasted surface, and fluorochrome labeling analysis showed active bone formation at the bone–implant interface at as late as 12 weeks for both specimens. CoCr showed significantly lower interfacial shear strength than Ti6Al4V although the bone contact area with the implant surface was comparable and no intervening soft tissue at the bone–implant interface could be seen for either implant by scanning electron microscopy backscatter analysis. Unmineralized tissue (cartilage and osteoid) was observed more frequently on the CoCr surface than on the Ti6Al4V surface. These data show less osseointegration of CoCr implants with this blasted surface for this short period, possibly due to a slight difference in surface roughness and some negative effects of CoCr on bone attachment. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J. Biomed Mater Res, 42, 20–29, 1998.
115 citations