Biopolymer Composites With High Dielectric Performance: Interface Engineering
01 Jan 2017-pp 27-128
TL;DR: In this article, the preparation and dielectric behavior of various biopolymer composites is presented, including metal nanoparticles and carbon-based nanofillers such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, etc.
Abstract: In recent years, there is a growing interest in studying the dielectric behavior of biopolymer composites due to their potential application as a dielectric material in various electronic devices such as microchips, transformers, and circuit boards. Conducting electroactive polymer composites have also been investigated for various potential applications which include biological, biomedical, flexible electrodes, display devices, biosensors, and cells for tissue engineering. In this chapter, the preparation and dielectric behavior of various biopolymer composites is presented. These biopolymer composites generally consist of nanoscale metal nanoparticles and carbon-based nanofillers such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphene oxide (GO), etc., dispersed into the polymer matrix. The physical and chemical properties of these fillers and their interactions with polymers have a significant effect on the microstructure and the final properties of nanocomposites. The biopolymer composites with excellent dielectric properties show great promise as an energy storage dielectric layer in high-performance capacitor applications such as embedded capacitors. This chapter highlights some of the examples of such biopolymer composites; their processing and dielectric behavior will be discussed in detail.
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TL;DR: This review aims to describe the recent findings regarding the neuroprotective effects of the significant marine-sourced biocompounds.
Abstract: While terrestrial organisms are the primary source of natural products, recent years have witnessed a considerable shift towards marine-sourced biocompounds. They have achieved a great scientific interest due to the plethora of compounds with structural and chemical properties generally not found in terrestrial products, exhibiting significant bioactivity ten times higher than terrestrial-sourced molecules. In addition to the antioxidant, anti-thrombotic, anti-coagulant, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, anti-hypertensive, anti-diabetic, and cardio-protection properties, marine-sourced biocompounds have been investigated for their neuroprotective potential. Thus, this review aims to describe the recent findings regarding the neuroprotective effects of the significant marine-sourced biocompounds.
29 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an environment-friendly pH-responsive indicator was prepared from hydroxypropyl methylcellulose/microcrystalline cellulose biocomposites (HMB) and butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) anthocyanin (BA).
Abstract: In this study, an environment-friendly pH-responsive indicator was prepared from hydroxypropyl methylcellulose/microcrystalline cellulose biocomposites (HMB) and butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) anthocyanin (BA). BA at concentrations of 10, 15, and 20 mg was incorporated into the HMB matrix. Physical and chemical properties, including NH3 sensitivity, of the fabricated indicators were analyzed. Results indicate that incorporation of 10 and 15 mg of BA improved the microstructure, tensile strength, transparency, and thermal stability of HMB. However, the HMB indicator with 15 mg of BA (1.5BA-HMB) exhibited better NH3 sensitivity than that of the HMB indicator with 10 mg of BA. Therefore, 15 mg was selected as the optimum concentration of BA for indicator fabrication. The 1.5BA-HMB indicator was used to monitor the freshness of mackerel (Scomber scombrus) by attaching it to inside of the package exposed to the headspace. The 1.5BA-HMB indicator clearly changed color with respect to variation in the quality of S. scombrus during storage at 4 °C. Based on the changes in the color of 1.5BA-HMB, the quality of S. scombrus was interpreted as follows: deep purple and light purple colors indicated that S. scombrus was fresh, violet color indicated that S. scombrus was suitable for eating, and blue, green ocean, and colonial blue colors indicated spoilage of S. scombrus. Thus, the 1.5BA-HMB indicator can be used as a sustainable pH-responsive indicator for intelligent food packaging.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors highlight the hybrid gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) thin film development and evaluate its potential characteristics for tissue engineering applications from existing published evidence (within year 2010-2020).
Abstract: The field of biomaterials has been steadily expanding as a large number of pharmaceutical and manufacturing companies invest in research in order to commercialize biomaterial products. Various three-dimensional biomaterials have been explored including film, hydrogel, sponge, microspheres etc., depending on different applications. Thus, gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) are widely used as a natural- and synthetic-based biomaterial, respectively, for tissue engineering and clinical settings. The combination of these materials has proven its synergistic effects in wound-healing applications. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the hybrid gelatin and PVA thin film development and evaluate its potential characteristics for tissue engineering applications from existing published evidence (within year 2010–2020). The primary key factor for polymers mixing technology might improve the quality and the efficacy of the intended polymers. This review provides a concise overview of the current knowledge for hybrid gelatin and PVA with the method of fabricating and mixing technology into thin films. Additionally, the findings guided to an optimal fabrication method and scrutinised characterisation parameters of fabricated gelatin-PVA thin film. In conclusion, hybrid gelatin-PVA thin film has higher potential as a treatment for various biomedical and clinical applications.
28 citations
01 Jan 2020
TL;DR: The challenges in polymer processing, additives, design aspects, and the prospect of future research in the 3D and 4D printing of advanced polymeric materials will be discussed in this article.
Abstract: In the modern world of technological developments, three-dimensional (3D) and four-dimensional (4D) printing techniques are among the trending technologies concerned with the manufacturing of complex structures. The advent of these developing printing technologies provides an edge over conventional manufacturing techniques, thereby enabling improved version of manufacturing parts by either additive or subtractive manufacturing. In the development of these printing technologies, polymers have by far played a major role since they are known for their printing ability. A wide range of polymeric materials used in 3D and 4D printing are elastomers, thermoplastics and thermosets, polymer blends, and functionalized polymer composites. This chapter is an attempt to illustrate the fundamentals of 3D and 4D printing technologies with special mention of the polymeric materials. The challenges in polymer processing, additives, design aspects, and the prospect of future research in the 3D and 4D printing of advanced polymeric materials will be discussed in this chapter.
25 citations
23 May 2020
TL;DR: Novel tertiary nanocomposite films comprising of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), poly (4-styrenesulfonic acid) (PSSA) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPS) were prepared using simple solvent as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Novel tertiary nanocomposite films comprising of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), poly (4-styrenesulfonic acid) (PSSA) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPS) were prepared using simple solvent ...
24 citations
References
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TL;DR: Monocrystalline graphitic films are found to be a two-dimensional semimetal with a tiny overlap between valence and conductance bands and they exhibit a strong ambipolar electric field effect.
Abstract: We describe monocrystalline graphitic films, which are a few atoms thick but are nonetheless stable under ambient conditions, metallic, and of remarkably high quality. The films are found to be a two-dimensional semimetal with a tiny overlap between valence and conductance bands, and they exhibit a strong ambipolar electric field effect such that electrons and holes in concentrations up to 10 13 per square centimeter and with room-temperature mobilities of ∼10,000 square centimeters per volt-second can be induced by applying gate voltage.
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TL;DR: Owing to its unusual electronic spectrum, graphene has led to the emergence of a new paradigm of 'relativistic' condensed-matter physics, where quantum relativistic phenomena can now be mimicked and tested in table-top experiments.
Abstract: Graphene is a rapidly rising star on the horizon of materials science and condensed-matter physics. This strictly two-dimensional material exhibits exceptionally high crystal and electronic quality, and, despite its short history, has already revealed a cornucopia of new physics and potential applications, which are briefly discussed here. Whereas one can be certain of the realness of applications only when commercial products appear, graphene no longer requires any further proof of its importance in terms of fundamental physics. Owing to its unusual electronic spectrum, graphene has led to the emergence of a new paradigm of 'relativistic' condensed-matter physics, where quantum relativistic phenomena, some of which are unobservable in high-energy physics, can now be mimicked and tested in table-top experiments. More generally, graphene represents a conceptually new class of materials that are only one atom thick, and, on this basis, offers new inroads into low-dimensional physics that has never ceased to surprise and continues to provide a fertile ground for applications.
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TL;DR: This review will be of value to synthetic chemists interested in this emerging field of materials science, as well as those investigating applications of graphene who would find a more thorough treatment of the chemistry of graphene oxide useful in understanding the scope and limitations of current approaches which utilize this material.
Abstract: The chemistry of graphene oxide is discussed in this critical review Particular emphasis is directed toward the synthesis of graphene oxide, as well as its structure Graphene oxide as a substrate for a variety of chemical transformations, including its reduction to graphene-like materials, is also discussed This review will be of value to synthetic chemists interested in this emerging field of materials science, as well as those investigating applications of graphene who would find a more thorough treatment of the chemistry of graphene oxide useful in understanding the scope and limitations of current approaches which utilize this material (91 references)
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TL;DR: Chitin is the second most important natural polymer in the world as mentioned in this paper, and the main sources of chitin are two marine crustaceans, shrimp and crabs, which are used for food, cosmetics, biomedical and pharmaceutical applications.
6,365 citations
TL;DR: A chemical route to produce graphene nanoribbons with width below 10 nanometers was developed, as well as single ribbons with varying widths along their lengths or containing lattice-defined graphene junctions for potential molecular electronics.
Abstract: We developed a chemical route to produce graphene nanoribbons (GNR) with width below 10 nanometers, as well as single ribbons with varying widths along their lengths or containing lattice-defined graphene junctions for potential molecular electronics. The GNRs were solution-phase-derived, stably suspended in solvents with noncovalent polymer functionalization, and exhibited ultrasmooth edges with possibly well-defined zigzag or armchair-edge structures. Electrical transport experiments showed that, unlike single-walled carbon nanotubes, all of the sub-10-nanometer GNRs produced were semiconductors and afforded graphene field effect transistors with on-off ratios of about 10(7) at room temperature.
4,579 citations