Journal ArticleDOI
Biosynthesis and function of chondroitin sulfate.
Tadahisa Mikami,Hiroshi Kitagawa +1 more
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This work focuses on recent advances in the study of enzymatic regulatory pathways for CS biosynthesis including successive modification/degradation, distinct CS functions, and disease phenotypes that have been revealed by perturbation of the respective enzymes in vitro and in vivo.About:
This article is published in Biochimica et Biophysica Acta.The article was published on 2013-10-01. It has received 369 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Chondroitin & Chondroitin sulfate.read more
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Astrocyte scar formation aids central nervous system axon regeneration
Mark Anderson,Joshua E. Burda,Yilong Ren,Yan Ao,Timothy M. O’Shea,Riki Kawaguchi,Giovanni Coppola,Baljit S. Khakh,Timothy J. Deming,Michael V. Sofroniew +9 more
TL;DR: Interestingly, RNA sequencing revealed that astrocytes and non-astrocyte cells in SCI lesions express multiple axon-growth-supporting molecules, showing that contrary to the prevailing dogma, astroCyte scar formation aids rather than prevents central nervous system axon regeneration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global view of human protein glycosylation pathways and functions
TL;DR: This work predicts that use of (single-cell) transcriptomics, genetic screens, genetic engineering of cellular glycosylation capacities and custom design of glycoprotein therapeutics are advancements that will ignite wider integration of gly cosylation in general cell biology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Moving beyond the glial scar for spinal cord repair.
TL;DR: Recent advances in understanding the composition and phenotypic characteristics of the spinal injury scar are discussed, the oversimplification of defining the scar in binary terms as good or bad, and the development of therapeutic approaches to target scar components to enable improved functional outcome after spinal cord injury are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Casting a Wide Net: Role of Perineuronal Nets in Neural Plasticity.
Barbara A. Sorg,Sabina Berretta,Jordan M. Blacktop,James W. Fawcett,Hiroshi Kitagawa,Jessica C. F. Kwok,Marta Miquel +6 more
TL;DR: The focus is on how a major component of PNNs, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, control plasticity, and on the role of Pnns in memory in normal aging, in a tauopathy model of Alzheimer's disease, and in drug addiction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Important Metabolic Pathways and Biological Processes Expressed by Chicken Cecal Microbiota
Ondrej Polansky,Zuzana Sekelova,Marcela Faldynova,Alena Sebkova,Frantisek Sisak,Ivan Rychlik +5 more
TL;DR: Protein expression in the cecal microbiota in chickens of selected ages and in 7-day-old chickens inoculated with different cECal extracts on the day of hatching is determined to suggest Anaerostipes, Anaerotruncus, and Subdoligranulum might be optimal probiotic strains, since these represent spore-forming butyrate producers.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Regeneration beyond the glial scar
Jerry Silver,Jared H. Miller +1 more
TL;DR: Chondroitin and keratan sulphate proteoglycans are among the main inhibitory extracellular matrix molecules that are produced by reactive astrocytes in the glial scar, and they are believed to play a crucial part in regeneration failure.
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Chondroitinase ABC promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury
Elizabeth J. Bradbury,Lawrence D. F. Moon,Lawrence D. F. Moon,Reena J Popat,V.R. King,GS Bennett,Preena N. Patel,James W. Fawcett,Stephen B. McMahon +8 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that CSPGs are important inhibitory molecules in vivo and suggested that their manipulation will be useful for treatment of human spinal injuries.
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Reactivation of Ocular Dominance Plasticity in the Adult Visual Cortex
Tommaso Pizzorusso,Paolo Medini,Nicoletta Berardi,Sabrina Chierzi,James W. Fawcett,Lamberto Maffei +5 more
TL;DR: The mature ECM is thus inhibitory for experience-dependent plasticity, and degradation of CSPGs reactivates cortical plasticity.
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Heparan sulphate proteoglycans fine-tune mammalian physiology
TL;DR: Heparan sulphate proteoglycans reside on the plasma membrane of all animal cells studied so far and are a major component of extracellular matrices, which affects metabolism, transport, information transfer, support and regulation in all organ systems.
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Order out of chaos: assembly of ligand binding sites in heparan sulfate.
Jeffrey D. Esko,Scott B. Selleck +1 more
TL;DR: A review of recent developments in the biosynthetic apparatus of metazoan organisms provides a resource for investigators interested in the incredible diversity and specificity of this process.