Biosynthesis of Amyl Alcohol From Scenedesmus quadricauda Microalgae for Light Commercial Vehicle Compression Ignition Engine Using Prediction Models
01 Mar 2022-Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme (American Society of Mechanical Engineers Digital Collection)-Vol. 144, Iss: 3
About: This article is published in Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme.The article was published on 2022-03-01. It has received 2 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Amyl alcohol.
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TL;DR: The results show the feasibility of using proteins for biorefineries, for which high-protein microalgae could be used as a feedstock with a possibility of maximizing algal growth and total CO2 fixation.
Abstract: Biofuels are currently produced from carbohydrates and lipids in feedstock. Proteins, in contrast, have not been used to synthesize fuels because of the difficulties of deaminating protein hydrolysates. Here we apply metabolic engineering to generate Escherichia coli that can deaminate protein hydrolysates, enabling the cells to convert proteins to C4 and C5 alcohols at 56% of the theoretical yield. We accomplish this by introducing three exogenous transamination and deamination cycles, which provide an irreversible metabolic force that drives deamination reactions to completion. We show that Saccharomyces cerevisiae, E. coli, Bacillus subtilis and microalgae can be used as protein sources, producing up to 4,035 mg/l of alcohols from biomass containing ~22 g/l of amino acids. These results show the feasibility of using proteins for biorefineries, for which high-protein microalgae could be used as a feedstock with a possibility of maximizing algal growth 1 and total CO2 fixation.
294 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the performance and emission characteristics of the engine fueled with biodiesel-ethanol-diesel (BED) and BED-methanol (BMD) blends are compared to standard diesel fuel as the baseline.
223 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the literature on the effects of using butanol and pentanol on the combustion, performance and exhaust emissions of CI engines operating under various test conditions, and paid attention towards the strategies employed for use of higher alcohols in neat or in blended form to increase the renewable fraction of fuels in CI engines.
Abstract: Existing fossil fuels may not be able to meet the energy demand in near future due to rapid increase in oil consumption Fluctuating oil prices, depleting oil reserves and high level of harmful emissions through the use of conventional diesel forced the research community to focus their attention on the use of biofuels in compression ignition (CI) engines Extensive use of biofuels offer multitude of advantages such as social structure, self-sustainability, soil development, effective use of cultivable land and self-employment Butanol and pentanol are the most attractive biofuels, which could relieve energy crisis and reduce carcinogenic particulate matter (PM) emissions that are customary in CI engines Research in the recent past has witnessed the notable amount of study in the use of these alcohols, mainly because of the improved yield through modern fermentation processes Present work reviews the literature on the effects of using butanol and pentanol on the combustion, performance and exhaust emissions of CI engines operating under various test conditions Attention is paid towards the review of strategies employed for use of higher alcohols in neat or in blended form to increase the renewable fraction of fuels in CI engines The combination of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rates, delayed injection and the use of higher alcohols can enable low temperature combustion (LTC) strategy in CI engines, which presents simultaneous reduction in oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and soot emissions with increased efficiency This paper also summarizes the key findings of earlier researchers contributed for use of biofuels in CI engines emphasizing higher alcohols These biofuels are potential and attractive alternatives for the use in CI engines for improved performance and substantial reduction of harmful emissions
166 citations
TL;DR: Immobilized Clostridium cells were demonstrated to be suitable for multiple reuses (for a minimum of five cycles) in ABE fermentation for producing biofuels from pretreated microalgal biomass.
147 citations
TL;DR: This work has engineered the enzymes involved in leucine biosynthesis for use as a synthetic "+1" recursive metabolic pathway to extend the carbon chain of 2-ketoacids, and preferentially selects longer-chain substrates for catalysis.
Abstract: Nature uses four methods of carbon chain elongation for the production of 2-ketoacids, fatty acids, polyketides, and isoprenoids. Using a combination of quantum mechanical (QM) modeling, protein–substrate modeling, and protein and metabolic engineering, we have engineered the enzymes involved in leucine biosynthesis for use as a synthetic “+1” recursive metabolic pathway to extend the carbon chain of 2-ketoacids. This modified pathway preferentially selects longer-chain substrates for catalysis, as compared to the non-recursive natural pathway, and can recursively catalyze five elongation cycles to synthesize bulk chemicals, such as 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, and phenylpropanol directly from glucose. The “+1” chemistry is a valuable metabolic tool in addition to the “+5” chemistry and “+2” chemistry for the biosynthesis of isoprenoids, fatty acids, or polyketides.
121 citations