scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Journal ArticleDOI

BIOSYS-1: a FORTRAN program for the comprehensive analysis of electrophoretic data in population genetics and systematics

01 Jul 1981-Journal of Heredity (Oxford University Press)-Vol. 72, Iss: 4, pp 281-283
About: This article is published in Journal of Heredity.The article was published on 1981-07-01. It has received 2356 citations till now.
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
01 Sep 1996-Heredity
TL;DR: It is shown how the three forms of dispersal during colonization bring about contrasting population genetic structures and how this affects estimates of gene flow.
Abstract: We examined the impact of three forms of dispersal, stepping-stone, normal and leptokurtic, on spatial genetic structure of expanding populations using computer simulations. When dispersal beyond neighbouring demes is allowed, rare long-distance migration leads to the establishment of pocket populations in advance of the main invasion front and results in spatial clustering of genotypes which persists for hundreds of generations. Patchiness is more pronounced when dispersal is leptokurtic as is the case in many animal and plant species. These results are of particular interest because population genetic parameters such as gene flow and effective population size are commonly estimated using gene frequency divergence information assuming equilibrium conditions and island models. We show how the three forms of dispersal during colonization bring about contrasting population genetic structures and how this affects estimates of gene flow. The implications for experimental studies of the spatial dimension of population genetic structure are discussed.

750 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Important knowledge gaps are identified that need to be addressed to adequately understand, anticipate and adapt to future climate-driven changes in marine systems in the region.

558 citations


Cites methods from "BIOSYS-1: a FORTRAN program for the..."

  • ...Note that supplementary genetics data presented in Appendix B were obtained using BIOSYS (allelic diversity, heterozygosity and Nei's unbiased genetic distance; Swofford and Selander, 1981) and the soft­ ware package TFPGA (Miller, 2000)....

    [...]

  • ...Note that supplementary genetics data presented in Appendix B were obtained using BIOSYS (allelic diversity, heterozygosity and Nei's unbiased genetic distance; Swofford and Selander, 1981) and the soft ware package TFPGA (Miller, 2000)....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper comprehensively reviews the significance of plant genetic diversity (PGD) and PGR especially on agriculturally important crops; risk associated with narrowing the genetic base of current commercial cultivars and climate change; analysis of existing PGD analytical methods in pregenomic and genomic era; and modern tools available for PGD analysis in postgenomic era.
Abstract: The importance of plant genetic diversity (PGD) is now being recognized as a specific area since exploding population with urbanization and decreasing cultivable lands are the critical factors contributing to food insecurity in developing world. Agricultural scientists realized that PGD can be captured and stored in the form of plant genetic resources (PGR) such as gene bank, DNA library, and so forth, in the biorepository which preserve genetic material for long period. However, conserved PGR must be utilized for crop improvement in order to meet future global challenges in relation to food and nutritional security. This paper comprehensively reviews four important areas; (i) the significance of plant genetic diversity (PGD) and PGR especially on agriculturally important crops (mostly field crops); (ii) risk associated with narrowing the genetic base of current commercial cultivars and climate change; (iii) analysis of existing PGD analytical methods in pregenomic and genomic era; and (iv) modern tools available for PGD analysis in postgenomic era. This discussion benefits the plant scientist community in order to use the new methods and technology for better and rapid assessment, for utilization of germplasm from gene banks to their applied breeding programs. With the advent of new biotechnological techniques, this process of genetic manipulation is now being accelerated and carried out with more precision (neglecting environmental effects) and fast-track manner than the classical breeding techniques. It is also to note that gene banks look into several issues in order to improve levels of germplasm distribution and its utilization, duplication of plant identity, and access to database, for prebreeding activities. Since plant breeding research and cultivar development are integral components of improving food production, therefore, availability of and access to diverse genetic sources will ensure that the global food production network becomes more sustainable. The pros and cons of the basic and advanced statistical tools available for measuring genetic diversity are briefly discussed and their source links (mostly) were provided to get easy access; thus, it improves the understanding of tools and its practical applicability to the researchers.

542 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
11 Jun 1993-Science
TL;DR: Measurements of biochemical and reproductive divergence for seven closely related, transisthmian pairs of snapping shrimps indicate, however, that isolation was staggered rather than simultaneous, and the four least divergent pairs provide the best estimate for rates of molecular divergence and speciation.
Abstract: It is widely believed that gene flow connected many shallow water populations of the Caribbean and eastern Pacific until the Panama seaway closed 3.0 to 3.5 million years ago. Measurements of biochemical and reproductive divergence for seven closely related, transisthmian pairs of snapping shrimps (Alpheus) indicate, however, that isolation was staggered rather than simultaneous. The four least divergent pairs provide the best estimate for rates of molecular divergence and speciation. Ecological, genetic, and geological data suggest that gene flow was disrupted for the remaining three pairs by environmental change several million years before the land barrier was complete.

519 citations