Blockchain Technology between Nakamoto and Supply Chain Management: Insights from Academia and Practice
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present valuable insights from academia and industry about the use of blockchain technology in supply chain management and explore two blockchain projects: Nimble and Carrefour.
Abstract: Purpose: This paper aims to participate in answering the following research question: Will blockchain become the norm in supply chain management? Valuable insights from academia and industry about the use of blockchain technology in supply chain management are presented.
Design/methodology/approach: I review the literature that mainly examined the use of blockchain technology in supply chain management from 2008 to 2020. Additionally, I explore two blockchain projects: Nimble and Carrefour.
Findings: The mainstream research on the use of blockchain technology in supply chain management exhibits a positive trend. This study shows that relevant academic research increased by 174% in only 11 months (from February 2018 to January 2019). Countries and supply chains, to the same extent, are making bold moves toward using blockchain on a large scale. The European Commission, for example, funded a project to create a federated, multi-sided business ecosystem based on cloud services. The project developed a platform, named Nimble, to enable supply chain logistics to benefit from internet platforms and blockchain services. In another example, Carrefour has implemented blockchain in nine sectors (chicken, tomatoes, eggs, oranges, etc.) with a target of 300 sectors by 2022.
Originality/value: Although this area of research becomes incessantly extensive, there is confusion regarding what type of blockchain or what part of the supply chain is addressed. This paper emphasizes some essential points to deal with much of the dubiety under consideration.
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07 Sep 2022
2Â citations
TL;DR: In this article , a Machine Learning (ML) classifier, termed as Histogram Gradient Boost (HGB), is employed on the BSs to classify the nodes as malicious or legitimate.
Abstract: In the proposed work, blockchain is implemented on the Base Stations (BSs) and Cluster Heads (CHs) to register the nodes using their credentials and also to tackle various security issues. Moreover, a Machine Learning (ML) classifier, termed as Histogram Gradient Boost (HGB), is employed on the BSs to classify the nodes as malicious or legitimate. In case, the node is found to be malicious, its registration is revoked from the network. Whereas, if a node is found to be legitimate, then its data is stored in an Interplanetary File System (IPFS). IPFS stores the data in the form of chunks and generates hash for the data, which is then stored in blockchain. In addition, Verifiable Byzantine Fault Tolerance (VBFT) is used instead of Proof of Work (PoW) to perform consensus and validate transactions. Also, extensive simulations are performed using the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) dataset, referred as WSN-DS. The proposed model is evaluated both on the original dataset and the balanced dataset. Furthermore, HGB is compared with other existing classifiers, Adaptive Boost (AdaBoost), Gradient Boost (GB), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Extreme Gradient Boost (XGB) and ridge, using different performance metrics like accuracy, precision, recall, micro-F1 score and macro-F1 score. The performance evaluation of HGB shows that it outperforms GB, AdaBoost, LDA, XGB and Ridge by 2-4%, 8-10%, 12-14%, 3-5% and 14-16%, respectively. Moreover, the results with balanced dataset are better than those with original dataset. Also, VBFT performs 20-30% better than PoW. Overall, the proposed model performs efficiently in terms of malicious node detection and secure data storage.
2Â citations
TL;DR: In this paper , a conceptual framework is proposed to explain how and why supply chain entities can trust the shared information when using blockchain, which can provide valuable insights to those working in information and supply chain management related fields.
Abstract: Yet we cannot guarantee that the information that is shared among supply chain entities is correct. Blockchain has been proposed to solve the lack of trust in financial transactions. This paper examines whether blockchain enables entities in the supply chain to trust the shared information regarding the physical flow. A conceptual framework is proposed to explain how and why supply chain entities can trust the shared information when using blockchain. This paper deepens our knowledge of the use of blockchain in the supply chain. It also provides valuable insights to those working in information and supply chain management related-fields.
1Â citations
17 Dec 2022
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors evaluate the veracity and sophistication of some of the claims made in the literature and shed light on the weak technical aspects claimed about blockchain, and suggest some future research directions to improve healthcare systems that use blockchain and big data solutions.
Abstract: New healthcare record management (HRM) systems have been introduced as technology has evolved to provide more efficient care. Since medical data is usually sensitive and must be protected from unauthorized access, attention must be paid to data integrity, patient privacy, and storage. Blockchain technology has been proposed in the literature to integrate healthcare information systems through a decentralized and unified network. However, the literature on blockchain in healthcare is full of promises that may not be true under certain conditions. In our paper, we evaluate the veracity and sophistication of some of the claims made in the literature. We go beyond performing a literature review and shed light on the weak technical aspects claimed about blockchain. In addition, we benefit from our technical assessment and suggest some future research directions to improve healthcare systems that use blockchain and big data solutions.