Book•
Botanical Medicines: The Desk Reference for Major Herbal Supplements
15 Jul 2002-
TL;DR: This Desk Reference discusses Dietary Supplements, a large variety of herbs and plants used in herbal remedies for pregnancy, lactation, and Pediatrics, as well as some of their applications in clinical practice.
Abstract: * Foreword * Preface * A Note on the Interpretation of Information on Pregnancy, Lactation, and Pediatrics in This Desk Reference * Dietary Supplements * Astragalus * Bilberry * Black Cohosh * Capsicum * Cat's Claw * Chamomile * Cordyceps * Cranberry * Dong Quai * Echinacea * Eleuthero * Ephedra (Ma Huang) * Evening Primrose Oil * Feverfew * Garlic * Ginger * Ginkgo Biloba * Ginseng * Goldenseal * Grape Seed * Green Tea * Hawthorn * Horse Chestnut * Kava * Licorice * Milk Thistle * Red Yeast Rice * Reishi * Saw Palmetto * Schisandra * St. John's Wort * Uva Ursi * Valerian * Vitex * Appendix I: A Note About Quality in Botanical Supplements * Appendix II: DSHEA: What are the Key Provisions? * Index * Reference Notes Included
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01 Jan 2017
TL;DR: It has been reported capsaicin shows analgesic action in chronic pain, acute pain, neuropathic pain, musculoskeletal pain, osteoarthritic pain, cancer pain, gastric pain associated with mucosal damage, and pruritus.
Abstract: Pain is not only an obnoxious sensation, but also a complex sensory process essential for survival experienced due to activation nociceptors. Many herbal medicines have been used in the management of pain in various traditional systems. Capsicum, a natural herb has been used counter irritant for treatment of neuralgia, lumbago, and rheumatism since ancient time. Capsicum mainly contains active pungent principles; a chemical group of nonvolatile alkaloid compounds collectively called as capsaicinoids responsible for analgesic activity. It has been reported that analgesic and antiinflammatory of capsicum is due to activation of TRPV1 receptors by its active pungent principle capsaicin. It has been reported capsaicin shows analgesic action in chronic pain, acute pain, neuropathic pain, musculoskeletal pain, osteoarthritic pain, cancer pain, gastric pain associated with mucosal damage, and pruritus.
6 citations
TL;DR: This poster presents a probabilistic procedure for determining the carrier and removal of canine coronavirus from the blood of animals killed by infectious disease.
Abstract: SVETLANA TRIFUNSCHI1, MELANIA F. MUNTEANU1*, ELENA POGURSCHI3*, RAMONA GLIGOR2 1 Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 86thLiviu Rebreanu Str., 310045, Arad, Romania 2 Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, Department of General Medicine, 86thLiviu Rebreanu Str., 310414, Arad, Romania 3 University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Department of Formative Sciences, 53 Marasti Str., 011463, Bucharest, Romania
6 citations
TL;DR: The present results may indicate that gingko kernel protein has an allergenic capacity.
Abstract: Ginkgo biloba L. can cause allergic reactions when consumed. In this paper, an allergy test to guinea pig was investigated. Guinea pigs were sensitized with 50 mg/mL of ginkgo kernel protein orally on days 1, 3, and 5, and intraperitoneally challenged with 100mg/mL of the protein on day 7 after the last sensitization. The volume of sensitization and challenge was 0.20mL/100 g weight. The results showed the average allergy grade for guinea pigs reached four and the allergy rate was 100%. The immunoglobulin G and E levels in sera were significantly higher than those in the controls. Footpads swelled distinctly, and the passive cutaneous allergy test manifested a positive response. There were inflammatory changes in the lungs and intestines. In conclusion, the present results may indicate that gingko kernel protein has an allergenic capacity.
6 citations
Cites background or methods from "Botanical Medicines: The Desk Refer..."
...antifatigue, and antiaging effects (1,2)....
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...The average allergic reaction grade and allergy rate were calculated according to the formulas (1) and (2)....
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...In (1) and (2), was the average allergic reaction grade, Ad was the allergy grade, n was the number of guinea pigs with the allergic reaction grade, RA was the allergy rate, and n was the number of all allergic guinea pigs....
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01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: This chapter discusses the literature review of literature in the form of monographs, short stories, and other writings on literature and literature review published in the 1990s.
Abstract: Secondary metabolites derived from plants, especially those used by traditional healers, are at the forefront of new drug development in combating diseases such as cancer and diabetes. Garlic is employed in indigenous medicine all over the world for the treatment of a variety of diseases. Dietary garlic has been recognized for its beneficial health effects. In particular, garlic consumption has been correlated with (i) reduction of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and cancer, (ii) stimulation of immune function, (iii) enhanced detoxification of foreign compounds, (iv) hepatoprotection, (v) antimicrobial effects, (vi) antioxidant effects, and most importantly (vii) its hypoglycemic and anticoagulant properties. Due to these beneficial properties, garlic and its closely related genera which includes Tulbaghia violacea, may be useful as coadjuvant therapy in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and some of its physiological complications. The aim of this study was to determine if T. violacea has antidiabetic and anticoagulant properties. This was performed in vitro using both aqueous and organic extracts of the roots, leaves and bulbs. An organic extract was able to improve glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in INS-1 pancreatic β-cells and glucose uptake in Chang liver cells. The BO extract had no effect on the glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 an adipose cell line and reduced glucose utilisation in C2C12, a skeletal muscle cell line. Some of the properties displayed by T. violacea in this study are consistent with those found in similar studies with garlic extracts. It was observed that the BO extract increased the membrane potential and Glut-2 expression in INS-1 cells cultured at hyperglycemic levels, however, at normoglycemic levels a reduction was observed. The oxygen consumption increased at both glycemic levels due to treatment with the BO extract. Platelets were exposed to the extracts to determine their effects upon platelet aggregation, adhesion and protein secretion. Since the BO extract displayed the highest potential at inhibiting platelet aggregation and adhesion. A rat model was used in ex vivo studies to determine if the extract exhibited the same effect in a physiological model. It was noted that the BO extract exhibited a higher degree of inhibition on platelet aggregation and adhesion than the positive control, aspirin. The BO extract reduced clotting times in the prothrombin time (PT) test, but prolonged the clotting time in the actived partial thromboplastin time (APTT) assay in the ex vivo model; however, it had no affect on these clotting assays in the in vitro model using human blood. The BO extract increased the D-dimer and Fibrinogen-C levels in the in vitro model, but had no effect on the D-dimer concentrations and lowered the Fibrinogen-C levels in the ex vivo model. The active compounds in the extract remain to be elucidated.
6 citations
Cites background from "Botanical Medicines: The Desk Refer..."
...This accounts for the accompanying differences in efficacy (Duke et al., 2003; McKenna et al., 2002; Kasuga et al., 2001; Munday et al., 1999)....
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TL;DR: Antistress properties of GLAQ against multiple stressors including SH, CR, and HBH demonstrate its therapeutic potential for inducing rapid acclimatization and preventing mountain sickness.
Abstract: Acclimatization is a major pathophysiological concern during ascent to high altitude and may cause mortality in unacclimatized individuals. Absence of target drugs, especially prophylactics, emphasizes the need for development of herbal agents. Present study revealed that animals pre-administered with aqueous extract of Ganoderma lucidum (GLAQ) dose dependently (50, 100, 200 mg/kg) delayed onset of convulsion following severe hypoxia (SH) and restored rectal temperature post-cold restraint (CR) and hypobaric hypoxia (HBH). The compromised antioxidant status (MDA, GSH, SOD, GPx), biochemical (ALT, AST, glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, urea), and hematological parameters (red blood cells, white blood cells) were ameliorated with GLAQ treatment. Further, extract modulated inflammatory and thermogenic response by attenuating pro-inflammatory cytokines (NFĸB, TNFα, IL6) and restoring UCP1, SIRT1, respectively. Notably, extract did not produce any noxious effects subchronically in rats of both sexes with GLAQ administered at 100, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg in a single dose/day for 90 days, deeming it fit for therapeutic purpose. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: GLAQ exhibited better efficacy compared to internal control (gallic acid) suggest that array of bioactive compounds in extract might contribute toward efficacy. Further, antistress properties of GLAQ against multiple stressors including SH, CR, and HBH demonstrate its therapeutic potential for inducing rapid acclimatization and preventing mountain sickness. Conclusively, the present study based on Ganoderma lucidum extract intents to fill the lacunae behind development of nontoxic therapeutic agent for controlling high altitude-related maladies.
6 citations