Book•
Botanical Medicines: The Desk Reference for Major Herbal Supplements
15 Jul 2002-
TL;DR: This Desk Reference discusses Dietary Supplements, a large variety of herbs and plants used in herbal remedies for pregnancy, lactation, and Pediatrics, as well as some of their applications in clinical practice.
Abstract: * Foreword * Preface * A Note on the Interpretation of Information on Pregnancy, Lactation, and Pediatrics in This Desk Reference * Dietary Supplements * Astragalus * Bilberry * Black Cohosh * Capsicum * Cat's Claw * Chamomile * Cordyceps * Cranberry * Dong Quai * Echinacea * Eleuthero * Ephedra (Ma Huang) * Evening Primrose Oil * Feverfew * Garlic * Ginger * Ginkgo Biloba * Ginseng * Goldenseal * Grape Seed * Green Tea * Hawthorn * Horse Chestnut * Kava * Licorice * Milk Thistle * Red Yeast Rice * Reishi * Saw Palmetto * Schisandra * St. John's Wort * Uva Ursi * Valerian * Vitex * Appendix I: A Note About Quality in Botanical Supplements * Appendix II: DSHEA: What are the Key Provisions? * Index * Reference Notes Included
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TL;DR: In this article , the authors developed a comprehensive analytical methodology involving both phytochemical and biological evaluations towards achieving a meaningful quality control of commercial batches of a flavonoid-rich extract (GutGard®) derived from Glycyrrhiza glabra.
Abstract: Quality evaluation of botanical preparations is still evolving globally due to the complex, variable, and unknown phytochemical compositions of herbs. Accordingly, the quality of commercially available products needs to be better defined and controlled to ensure consistent health benefits and safety for consumers. This study aims to develop a comprehensive analytical methodology involving both phytochemical and biological evaluations towards achieving a meaningful quality control of commercial batches of a flavonoid-rich extract (GutGard®) derived from Glycyrrhiza glabra. Nine different commercial batches of the extract were analyzed to establish the chromatographic fingerprint of flavonoids as well as biological consistency using in-vitro assays for evaluating antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. A total of 53 peaks were assigned using MS/MS as the “common peaks” and nine peaks as “characteristic peaks” in the fingerprint of all the nine batch samples. Quantitative determination of the latter was achieved with a validated HPLC method. The finding revealed that all the examined samples were enriched with flavonoids, although with varied contents. The biological assays complemented the phytochemical analysis by way of providing a range of IC50 values that represent the overall chemistry of the extract including both the known and unknown constituents.
1 citations
Dissertation•
29 Sep 2015
TL;DR: Echinacea je zbog svog izražnog imunomodulacijskog ucinka jedna od najistraŽivanijih biljaka danasnjice danasmizma, unatoc brojnim istraživanjima kemizpa.
Abstract: Because of it's expressed immunommodulatory effect Echinacea is one of the most investigated medicinal plants. Despite numerous studies of it's chemistry, mechanism of action of main constituents, there is little evidence from clinical studies related to it's efficiency and safety. The main goal of this diploma thesis was to investigate the mechanism of immunomodulatory effect of Echinaceae species. Additionally, aims were to: explain metabolism, describe side effects and interactions which can emerge during usage of preparations which contain Echinacea and to show importance of quality control of herbal medicine used in clinical practice. The mechanism of immunomodulatory effect is based on increased phagocytosis, increased mobility of the T-lymphocytes and increased respiratory activity. Anti-inflammatory effect is based on up-regulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines and down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Metabolism of main active components involves reactions catalyzed by cytocrome P450. Because of it's inhibitory effect on CYP3A4, interactions with drugs which are substrates of this enzyme are possible. Therapeutic potential of this interesting plant is based on results from numerous preclinical and growing number of clinial trials which are going in favor oEchinacae immunomodulatory effect. To maximize therapeutic potential of Echinacea and to minimize side effects and interactions we need better quality control of available preparations considering quantity, quality and type of constituents.
1 citations
Dissertation•
14 Jul 2017
TL;DR: Farmakognoske zbirke cine bitan segment nastavnog i znanstvenog rada u podrucju farmacije, a imaju i znacajnu kulturno-povijesnu vrijednost.
Abstract: Pharmacognostic collections represent a valuable segment of teaching and scientific work in
pharmacy, and they also have important cultural and historical value. Dr. Theodor Schuchardt's
collection of herbal drugs, dating back to the end of the 19th century, takes an important place in
the Pharmacognostic collection of Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry University in Zagreb,
being a part of that unique Croatian collection. From about a hundred samples of herbal drugs of
that collection, in this thesis have been studied all herbal drugs obtained from seeds. The study
revealed that the investigated seeds, whose medicinal properties have been known even more than
a hundred years ago, originate from different countries overseas (India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar,
Japan, Brazil, African countries). Through the reviews of newest data about botanical sources,
ethnopharmacological uses, phytochemical ingredients and scientific evidences for the biological
and pharmacological effects, this thesis provide an overview of the recent knowledge for twenty
two herbal drugs to serve as a foundation for gaining new professional knowledge and contribute
to the complete knowledge and understanding the value of this very important pharmaceutical
collection.
TL;DR: In this paper , the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on depression and anxiety (primary outcomes) and quality of life (secondary outcomes) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOSQ) was evaluated.
Abstract: Abstract Introduction Women’s mental health has a significant impact on the health of society. Due to the prevalence of mental health problems in women with PCOS, this study aimed to determine the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on depression and anxiety (primary outcomes) and quality of life (secondary outcomes) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Methods This randomized controlled trial was performed on 84 patients with PCOS referred to Al-Zahra Hospital in Tabriz-Iran, 2021. Participants were randomly assigned to intervention (n = 42) and control (n = 42) groups. Counseling with cognitive behavioral therapy was provided in 8 sessions of 60–90 min weekly in groups with 5 to 7 people in each group for the intervention group. Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety, Beck Depression, and Quality of Life Questionnaire for women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOSQ) were used to collect data. Independent t-test and ANCOVA were used to compare the outcomes between the two groups. Results After the intervention, based on ANCOVA test with adjusting the baseline values, mean scores of depression (mean difference (MD): -18.6; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): -19.4 to -17.8: P < 0.001), trait anxiety (MD: -15.0; 95% CI: -16.0 to -13.9; P < 0.001), and state anxiety (MD: -15.3; 95% CI: -16.2 to -14.3; P < 0.001), were significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group. The mean score of quality of life (MD: 19.25; 95% CI: 17.66 to 20.84; P < 0.001) was significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group. Conclusion This study showed that CBT was effective in reducing depression and anxiety and improving the quality of life. Therefore it is recommended that health care providers use this approach to improve the mental health and quality of life of women with PCOS. Trial registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT): IRCT20110826007418N7. Date of registration: 25/10/2021. URL: https://en.irct.ir/trial/57348 ; Date of first registration: 25/10/2021.
01 Jan 2007
TL;DR: A preliminary experiment was conducted to look at the effect of leaf harvests on growth, development, and flavonolignan content in milk thistle seeds, and the flavonoid taxifolin was significantly decreased by the harvesting treatments.
Abstract: A preliminary experiment was conducted to look at the effect of leaf harvests on growth, development, and flavonolignan content in milk thistle seeds. Plants grew from seedling to maturity in approximately four months in a greenhouse environment. The flavonoid taxifolin, which is a component of silymarin and a precursor to flavonolignans, was significantly decreased by the harvesting treatments. Due to the weedy nature of Silybum marianum, there were some unforeseen obstacles in germinating enough plants to conduct the proposed experiments. Germination was sporadic, and fungal seed contamination decreased seedling viability. Germination and sterilization trials were then pursued to determine the most efficient way to produce viable seedlings for experimentation. Seed germination trials were done in a growth chamber using Petri dishes with germination paper. Organically grown seeds from Johnny’s Select Seeds were imbibed overnight and either placed in the chamber or pre-chilled for one week. Both groups succumbed to fungal infections before germination data could be collected. Germination trials were also performed with seven other seed sources including seeds from Frontier Natural Products Co-op (organic and non-organic seeds), Wild Weeds (two seed lots, one from Oregon and one from Croatia), Stony Mountain Botanicals, Ltd., and Richters Herbs. The seeds harvested from Croatia showed the best germination and were used for all subsequent experiments. Also, a
Cites background from "Botanical Medicines: The Desk Refer..."
...They can also be roasted and brewed as a coffee substitute (McKenna et al., 2002)....
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...Areas ranging from the coast to sub-mountainous areas can be populated by Silybum, with it growing in altitudes of 700 to 1,100 m (McKenna et al., 2002; Morazzoni and Bombardelli, 1995)....
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...Both species produce hepatoprotectant flavonolignans (McKenna et al., 2002)....
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