Breaking wave impact on vertical and sloping coastal structures
TL;DR: In this article, the maximum and bottom impact pressure on a wall is treated statistically and the effects of the wall angle and foreshore slope on these two quantities are examined, and the results show that for practical applications, the still-water level can be taken as the acting place for the maximum pressure on the wall.
About: This article is published in Ocean Engineering.The article was published on 1995-01-01. It has received 92 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Breaking wave & Impact pressure.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on the results of theoretical work, making particular note of the value of considering pressure impulse, and highlight the aspects that are poorly understood, including the role of entrained and trapped air in wave impacts.
Abstract: ▪ Abstract The more violent impacts of water waves on walls create velocities and pressures having magnitudes much larger than those associated with the propagation of ordinary waves under gravity. Insight into these effects has been gained by irrotational-flow computations and by investigating the role of entrained and trapped air in wave impacts. This review focuses on the results of theoretical work, making particular note of the value of considering pressure impulse, and highlights the aspects that are poorly understood.
344 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of entrained and entrapped air on wave impacts are investigated and the characteristics of the impacts depend on the breaker conditions and four different types of impact are identified and discussed.
265 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present recent advances in knowledge on wave loads, based on experimental work carried out in the CIEM/LIM large flume at Barcelona within the framework of the VOWS (Violent Overtopping by Waves at Seawalls) project.
189 citations
Cites methods from "Breaking wave impact on vertical an..."
...Kirkgoz (1982, 1983, 1990, 1992, 1995) performed two-dimensional experiments using regular waves forced to break in front of a vertical wall by means of an approaching beach of variable slope....
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the capability of three different models, i.e., a 2D depth-averaged model, a 3D Eulerian two-phase model, and a 3d Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) model, to estimate the impact load exerted by a dam-break wave on an obstacle.
94 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present results on wave loading acting on an innovative caisson breakwater for electricity production, which is based on the known principle of overtopping and storing the wave energy in several reservoirs placed one above the other.
80 citations
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01 Oct 1929
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors give a formula for maximum pressure during landing that permits one to apply experimental results to different bodies and different velocities, and the formula checks very well with experimental results.
Abstract: In order to make a stress analysis of seaplane floats, and especially of the members connecting the floats with the fuselage, it is of great importance to determine the maximum pressure acting on the floats during landing. Here, the author gives a formula for maximum pressures during landing that permits one to apply experimental results to different bodies and different velocities. The author notes that the formula checks very well with experimental results.
594 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the impact of a breaking wave on a vertical wall with four different slopes and found that a wave having its front face parallel to the wall at the instant of impact produces the greatest shock pressures.
Abstract: Breaking wave impact on vertical walls is studied experimentally with beaches having four different slopes. It is found that a breaking wave having its front face parallel to the wall at the instant of impact produces the greatest shock pressures. Deepwater wave steepness and the bench slope are the two parameters governing the magnitude and location of the maximum dimensionless impact pressure from breaking waves. The greatest pressures are produced with a beach sloping at about one in ten. The length of virtual mass which participates in the impact process, is not constant but varies vertically.
73 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the impact pressure and resulting wall deflection from breaking oscillatory waves on a vertical wall with 1/10 foreshore slope and found that the longerlasting low impact forces are more effective in producing the larger wall deflections.
69 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a new air-cushion model was proposed to explain the observed properties of shock pressure, in which the new model extended from the original air cushion model of Bagnold (1939) was included.
Abstract: Shock pressure due to breaking wave was studied experimentally and analytically for the case of two-dimensional regular oscillatory wave. In the first part of this paper, important characteristics of shock pressures were described, which were obtained by using the newly designed pressure gauges of very high frequency responces ( 10 ~ 10000 c/s ). And the following two points were mainly examined l) the detailed characteristics of pressure-time histories of shock pressures, and li) the similarity of pressure-time histories observed simultaneously with two separated gauges. In the second part of this paper, the dynamical models representing the generation mechanism of shock pressure were examined to explain the observed properties of shock pressures, in which the new air-cushion model extended from the original air-cushion model of Bagnold (1939) was included. Under the assumption of small compression of the air cushion, the analytical solutions representing the pressure-time histories were obtained both for the original model of Bagnold (1939) and for the present new model. For the cases of relatively high-intensity shock pressures, the consistent results were obtained by analyzing the observed shock pressures by the new air-cushion model. The discussion of shock pressure due to finite compression of air cushion was also included.
67 citations