Breath gas aldehydes as biomarkers of lung cancer.
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TLDR
Sensitivity and specificity of this method were comparable to the diagnostic certitude of conventional serum markers and CT imaging and noninvasive recognition of lung malignancies may be realized if analytical skills, biochemical knowledge and medical expertise are combined into a joint effort.Abstract:
There is experimental evidence that volatile substances in human breath can reflect presence of neoplasma. Volatile aldehydes were determined in exhaled breath of 12 lung cancer patients, 12 smokers and 12 healthy volunteers. Alveolar breath samples were collected under control of expired CO(2). Reactive aldehydes were transformed into stable oximes by means of on-fiber-derivatization (SPME-OFD). Aldehyde concentrations in the ppt and ppb level were determined by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Exhaled concentrations were corrected for inspired values. Exhaled C(1)-C(10) aldehydes could be detected in all healthy volunteers, smokers and lung cancer patients. Concentrations ranged from 7 pmol/l (161 pptV) for butanal to 71 nmol/l (1,582 ppbV) for formaldehyde. Highest inspired concentrations were found for formaldehyde and acetaldehyde (0-55 nmol/l and 0-13 nmol/l, respectively). Acetaldehyde, propanal, butanal, heptanal and decanal concentrations showed no significant differences for cancer patients, smokers and healthy volunteers. Exhaled pentanal, hexanal, octanal and nonanal concentrations were significantly higher in lung cancer patients than in smokers and healthy controls (p(pentanal) = 0.001; p(hexanal) = 0.006; p(octanal) = 0.014; p(nonanal) = 0.025). Sensitivity and specificity of this method were comparable to the diagnostic certitude of conventional serum markers and CT imaging. Lung cancer patients could be identified by means of exhaled pentanal, hexanal, octanal and nonanal concentrations. Exhaled aldehydes reflect aspects of oxidative stress and tumor-specific tissue composition and metabolism. Noninvasive recognition of lung malignancies may be realized if analytical skills, biochemical knowledge and medical expertise are combined into a joint effort.read more
Citations
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Volatile organic compounds of lung cancer and possible biochemical pathways.
Marwan Hakim,Yoav Y. Broza,Orna Barash,Nir Peled,Michael Phillips,Anton Amann,Anton Amann,Hossam Haick +7 more
TL;DR: Biochemical Pathways Meggie Hakim,† Yoav Y. Broza,† Orna Barash,† Nir Peled,‡ Michael Phillips, Anton Amann, and Hossam Haick*,† †
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The human volatilome: volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath, skin emanations, urine, feces and saliva
Anton Amann,Anton Amann,Ben de Lacy Costello,Wolfram Miekisch,Jochen K. Schubert,Bogusław Buszewski,Joachim D. Pleil,Norman M. Ratcliffe,Terence H. Risby +8 more
TL;DR: In future studies, combined investigations of a particular compound with regard to human matrices such as breath, urine, saliva and cell culture investigations will lead to novel scientific progress in the field.
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Assessment, origin, and implementation of breath volatile cancer markers
Hossam Haick,Yoav Y. Broza,Pawel Mochalski,Vera Ruzsanyi,Vera Ruzsanyi,Anton Amann,Anton Amann +6 more
TL;DR: This review presents a list of 115 validated cancer-related VOCs published in the literature during the past decade, and classify them with respect to their "fat-to-blood" and "blood- to-air" partition coefficients, which provide an estimation of the relative concentrations of V OCs in alveolar breath, in blood and in the fat compartments of the human body.
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Sensors for Breath Testing: From Nanomaterials to Comprehensive Disease Detection
Gady Konvalina,Hossam Haick +1 more
TL;DR: This Account pays particular attention to the technological gaps and confounding factors that impede nanomaterial-sensor-based breath testing, in the hope of directing future research and development efforts towards the best possible approaches to overcome these obstacles.
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Selective Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering for Quantitative Detection of Lung Cancer Biomarkers in Superparticle@MOF Structure.
TL;DR: Gaseous aldehydes that are released as a result of tumor-specific tissue composition and metabolism, thereby acting as indicators of lung cancer, are guided onto SERS-active GSPs substrates through a ZIF-8 channel, demonstrating tremendous prospects for in vitro diagnoses of early stage lung cancer.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the basic principles of breath analysis and the diagnostic potential of different volatile breath markers are discussed, along with analytical procedures, issues concerning biochemistry and exhalation mechanisms of volatile substances, and future developments.
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Detection of lung cancer with volatile markers in the breath
Michael Phillips,Renee N. Cataneo,A. R. C. Cummin,Anthony J. Gagliardi,Kevin Gleeson,Joel Greenberg,Roger A. Maxfield,William N. Rom +7 more
TL;DR: Compared to healthy volunteers, patients with primary lung cancer had abnormal breath test findings that were consistent with the accelerated catabolism of alkanes and monomethylated alkanes, and a predictive model employing nine VOCs exhibited sufficient sensitivity and specificity to be considered as a screen for lung cancer in a high-risk population such as adult smokers.
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Exhaled volatile organic compounds in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: cross sectional and nested short-term follow-up study.
Diana Poli,Paolo Carbognani,Massimo Corradi,Matteo Goldoni,Olga Acampa,Bruno Balbi,Luca Bianchi,Michele Rusca,Antonio Mutti +8 more
TL;DR: VOC analysis could be used as a complementary test for the early diagnosis of lung cancer and its possible use in the follow-up of operated patients cannot be recommended on the basis of the results of the short-term nested study.