Building hippocampal circuits to learn and remember: insights into the development of human memory
TL;DR: The hypothesis that the differential maturation of distinct hippocampal circuits might underlie the differential emergence of specific "hippocampus-dependent" memory processes is supported, culminating in the emergence of episodic memory concomitant with thematuration of all hippocampusal circuits.
About: This article is published in Behavioural Brain Research.The article was published on 2013-10-01. It has received 239 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Hippocampal formation & Dentate gyrus.
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TL;DR: This article exposed a neural network model that instantiates known properties of hippocampal projections and subfields to sequences of items with temporal regularities and found that the monosynaptic pathway—the pathway connecting entorhinal cortex directly to region CA1—was able to support statistical learning, while the trisynaptic pathways learned individual episodes.
Abstract: A growing literature suggests that the hippocampus is critical for the rapid extraction of regularities from the environment. Although this fits with the known role of the hippocampus in rapid lear...
314 citations
Cites background from "Building hippocampal circuits to le..."
...Infants are remarkably good at statistical learning (30, 31), and our model suggests that this may be because the MSP develops earlier than the TSP (32, 33)....
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TL;DR: Subcortical structures appear to not yet be fully developed in childhood, similar to the cerebral cortex, and continue to show maturational changes into adolescence, and there is substantial heterogeneity between the developmental trajectories of these structures.
233 citations
TL;DR: Increased PM2.5 exposure in specific prenatal windows may be associated with poorer function across memory and attention domains with variable associations based on sex, and refined determination of time window- and sex-specific associations may enhance insight into underlying mechanisms and identification of vulnerable subgroups.
187 citations
TL;DR: It is argued that, to measure age differential effects of prior knowledge on memory, it is necessary to distinguish the availability of priorknowledge from its accessibility and use and postulate how these may be related to the development of the use ofPrior knowledge for remembering.
Abstract: Across ontogenetic development, individuals gather manifold experiences during which they detect regularities in their environment and thereby accumulate knowledge. This knowledge is used to guide behavior, make predictions, and acquire further new knowledge. In this review, we discuss the influence of prior knowledge on memory from both the psychology and the emerging cognitive neuroscience literature and provide a developmental perspective on this topic. Recent neuroscience findings point to a prominent role of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and of the hippocampus (HC) in the emergence of prior knowledge and in its application during the processes of successful memory encoding, consolidation, and retrieval. We take the lateral PFC into consideration as well and discuss changes in both medial and lateral PFC and HC across development and postulate how these may be related to the development of the use of prior knowledge for remembering. For future direction, we argue that, to measure age differential effects of prior knowledge on memory, it is necessary to distinguish the availability of prior knowledge from its accessibility and use.
187 citations
Cites background from "Building hippocampal circuits to le..."
...While maturation takes longest in prefrontal and parietal areas, the MTL as a whole does not show large structural changes during early and middle childhood, even though this might be different for some subregions (Sowell et al., 2003; Gogtay et al., 2006; Lavenex and Lavenex, 2013)....
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TL;DR: Recent data arguing that the sex of cells being used in experiments can impact the cell's biology are discussed, and a table outlining thesex of cell lines that have appeared in AJP-Cell Physiology over the past decade are provided.
Abstract: Do you know the sex of your cells? Not a question that is frequently heard around the lab bench, yet thanks to recent research is probably one that should be asked. It is self-evident that cervical epithelial cells would be derived from female tissue and prostate cells from a male subject (exemplified by HeLa and LnCaP, respectively), yet beyond these obvious examples, it would be true to say that the sex of cell lines derived from non-reproductive tissue, such as lung, intestine, kidney, for example, is given minimal if any thought. After all, what possible impact could the presence of a Y chromosome have on the biochemistry and cell biology of tissues such as the exocrine pancreatic acini? Intriguingly, recent evidence has suggested that far from being irrelevant, genes expressed on the sex chromosomes can have a marked impact on the biology of such diverse tissues as neurons and renal cells. It is also policy of AJP-Cell Physiology that the source of all cells utilized (species, sex, etc.) should be clearly indicated when submitting an article for publication, an instruction that is rarely followed (http://www.the-aps.org/mm/Publications/Info-For-Authors/Composition). In this review we discuss recent data arguing that the sex of cells being used in experiments can impact the cell's biology, and we provide a table outlining the sex of cell lines that have appeared in AJP-Cell Physiology over the past decade.
155 citations
Cites background from "Building hippocampal circuits to le..."
...The hippocampus plays a key role in both short- and longterm memory (133, 184), as well as spatial navigation (22)....
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References
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01 Jan 1978
TL;DR: The amnesic syndrome is presented as an extension of the theory to humans and the role of operators in the locale system is examined.
Abstract: Table of Contents: Chapter 1 - Remembrance of places past: a history of theories of space / Chapter 2 - Spatial behaviour / Chapter 3 - Anatomy / Chapter 4 - Physiology / Chapter 5 - Introduction to the lesion review / Chapter 6 - Exploration / Chapter 7 - Discrimination and maze learning / Chapter 8 - Aversively motivated behaviour / Chapter 9 - Operants: the limited role of the locale system / Chapter 10 - Reactions to reward change / Chapter 11 - Maintenance behaviours / Chapter 12 - Stimulation studies / Chapter 13 - Long-term memory / Chapter 14 - An extension of the theory to humans / Chapter 15 - The amnesic syndrome
8,313 citations
TL;DR: The role of the hippocampus is considered, which is needed temporarily to bind together distributed sites in neocortex that together represent a whole memory.
Abstract: This article considers the role of the hippocampus in memory function. A central thesis is that work with rats, monkeys, and humans--which has sometimes seemed to proceed independently in 3 separate literatures--is now largely in agreement about the function of the hippocampus and related structures. A biological perspective is presented, which proposes multiple memory systems with different functions and distinct anatomical organizations. The hippocampus (together with anatomically related structures) is essential for a specific kind of memory, here termed declarative memory (similar terms include explicit and relational). Declarative memory is contrasted with a heterogeneous collection of nondeclarative (implicit) memory abilities that do not require the hippocampus (skills and habits, simple conditioning, and the phenomenon of priming). The hippocampus is needed temporarily to bind together distributed sites in neocortex that together represent a whole memory.
5,283 citations
"Building hippocampal circuits to le..." refers background in this paper
...The hippocampal formation, as whole functional unit, is essential for the processing of episodic emories [3], which are the memories for autobiographical events hat happen in unique spatiotemporal contexts [4]....
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01 Jan 1972
4,682 citations
"Building hippocampal circuits to le..." refers background in this paper
...The hippocampal formation, as whole functional unit, is essential for the processing of episodic emories [3], which are the memories for autobiographical events hat happen in unique spatiotemporal contexts [4]....
[...]
TL;DR: Introduction to cognitive PDF heidegger and cognitive science PDF group cognitive therapy Group cognitive therapy for addictions handbook of brief cognitive behavioral therapy gurwitschs relevancy for cognitive science, and imagery creativity and discovery a cognitive perspective.
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TL;DR: Episodic memory is a neurocognitive (brain/mind) system, uniquely different from other memory systems, that enables human beings to remember past experiences as discussed by the authors, which is a true, even if as yet generally unappreciated, marvel of nature.
Abstract: ▪ Abstract Episodic memory is a neurocognitive (brain/mind) system, uniquely different from other memory systems, that enables human beings to remember past experiences. The notion of episodic memory was first proposed some 30 years ago. At that time it was defined in terms of materials and tasks. It was subsequently refined and elaborated in terms of ideas such as self, subjective time, and autonoetic consciousness. This chapter provides a brief history of the concept of episodic memory, describes how it has changed (indeed greatly changed) since its inception, considers criticisms of it, and then discusses supporting evidence provided by (a) neuropsychological studies of patterns of memory impairment caused by brain damage, and (b) functional neuroimaging studies of patterns of brain activity of normal subjects engaged in various memory tasks. I also suggest that episodic memory is a true, even if as yet generally unappreciated, marvel of nature.
3,618 citations