Book•
But They All Come Back: Facing the Challenges of Prisoner Reentry
12 Apr 2005-
TL;DR: Travis as mentioned in this paper proposes organizing the criminal justice system around five principles of reentry to encourage change and spur innovation, and argues that the impact of returning prisoners on families and communities has been largely overlooked.
Abstract: As our justice system has embarked upon one of our time's greatest social experiments?responding to crime by expanding prisons?we have forgotten the iron law of imprisonment: they all come back. In 2002, more than 630,000 individuals left federal and state prisons. Thirty years ago, only 150,000 did. In the intense political debate over America's punishment policies, the impact of these returning prisoners on families and communities has been largely overlooked. In But They All Come Back, Jeremy Travis continues his pioneering work on the new realities of punishment in America vis-a-vis public safety, families and children, work, housing, public health, civic identity, and community capacity. Travis proposes organizing the criminal justice system around five principles of reentry to encourage change and spur innovation.
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01 Jan 2016
Abstract: Title of Document: EXPLORING THE ROLE OF CONCENTRATED REENTRY IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HALFWAY HOUSES AND RECIDIVISM Rochisha Shukla, Master of Arts, 2016 Directed By: Professor Kiminori Nakamura, Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice Despite their widespread use, research on the effectiveness of halfway houses has been largely mixed, with many studies indicating that halfway houses may actually increase likelihood of recidivating rather than reducing it. This study aims to shed light on the relationship between halfway houses and recidivism by focusing on the role of parolee concentration as a mediating factor. Results based on the analysis of all first time parolees released from Pennsylvania State Prisons (n=8,515) indicate that the likelihood of recidivism for parolees transitioning through halfway houses is higher than that for those paroled directly to the street. Analyses on a smaller sample of parolees with geocodable address information (n=5,708) indicate that parolee concentration significantly affects the association between halfway houses and rearrests, but not for reincarceration. Additional evidence points towards significant direct associations between parolee concentration and all recidivism outcomes, with higher parolee concentration within neighborhoods being associated with higher likelihood of recidivism. Interestingly, halfway house capacity (examined only for individuals paroled to halfway houses, n=3,796) was not significantly associated with any recidivism outcome except rearrests within one year of release, and in this case a higher capacity was associated with a lower likelihood of rearrest. EXPLORING THE ROLE OF CONCENTRATED REENTRY IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HALFWAY HOUSES AND RECIDIVISM
Cites background from "But They All Come Back: Facing the ..."
...There are numerous interventions, both in prison and in the community, aiming to facilitate successful prisoner reentry and to lower the likelihood of released prisoners’ recidivism (MacKenzie, 2006; Petersilia, 2003; Travis, 2005)....
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...Over 90% of all prison inmates are eventually released and return to the community (Petersilia, 2003; Travis, 2005)....
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TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigated the relationship between collateral consequences and recidivism among individuals who sexually offend and found significant relationships between demographic indicators (age, years registered, education), social and psychological collateral consequences, overall recidivisitc, and sexual recidivers and violations.
Abstract: ABSTRACT The relationship between collateral consequences and recidivism among individuals who sexually offend continues to be proffered in the literature, yet empirical evidence of these links has yet to be established. This exploratory study investigated the correlational and predictive relationships between social and psychological collateral consequences and overall recidivism, sexual recidivism specifically, and probation/parole/registry violations among a sample of 180 registrants. Results revealed significant relationships between demographic indicators (age, years registered, education), social and psychological collateral consequences, overall recidivism, and sexual recidivism and violations. Results of the hierarchical logistic regressions indicated that neither social nor psychological collateral consequences significantly improved model fit for overall recidivism or sexual recidivism. Social collateral consequences, however, predicted an individual’s likelihood to accrue probation, parole, or registry violations post-offence. Practical implications are discussed within the context of building an empirical basis for the potential contributory effects of the registry on recidivism, via collateral consequences.
Dissertation•
01 Jan 2020
TL;DR: For example, this paper pointed out that per capita gross domestic product (GDP) is not the best indicator of a nation's well-being, since it may not reveal how wealth is distributed among its people.
Abstract: Per capita gross domestic product (GDP) is not the best indicator of a nation's well-being. A nation can be relatively wealthy, but many of its people may be living under circumstances of misery and deprivation. Some people may be unable to transform their own wealth into things that really matter to them (think of those with severe disabilities or ill health); background social arrangements may have significant causal effects on individual well-being (think of physical security); and some of the most important components of a person's well-being may be nonmonetary (think of the importance of family and friends). A nation's GDP tells us nothing about how its wealth is distributed for different public purposes. (Recall the criticism by Martin Luther King, Jr., of America's priorities in 1967: “A nation that continues year after year to spend more money on military defense than on programs of social uplift is approaching spiritual death.”) Nor does GDP reveal how wealth is distributed among a nation's people. It may, therefore, tell us little about how the nation's very poorest members are faring.