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But They All Come Back: Facing the Challenges of Prisoner Reentry
12 Apr 2005-
TL;DR: Travis as mentioned in this paper proposes organizing the criminal justice system around five principles of reentry to encourage change and spur innovation, and argues that the impact of returning prisoners on families and communities has been largely overlooked.
Abstract: As our justice system has embarked upon one of our time's greatest social experiments?responding to crime by expanding prisons?we have forgotten the iron law of imprisonment: they all come back. In 2002, more than 630,000 individuals left federal and state prisons. Thirty years ago, only 150,000 did. In the intense political debate over America's punishment policies, the impact of these returning prisoners on families and communities has been largely overlooked. In But They All Come Back, Jeremy Travis continues his pioneering work on the new realities of punishment in America vis-a-vis public safety, families and children, work, housing, public health, civic identity, and community capacity. Travis proposes organizing the criminal justice system around five principles of reentry to encourage change and spur innovation.
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01 Jan 2014
TL;DR: This article conducted in-depth life interviews with 67 individuals who had served a life sentence and found that almost all interviewees presented a transformation narrative that included a good core self and generative motivations, including those who persisted in criminal behavior.
Abstract: >> Research on desistance emphasizes the importance of the transformation narrative, in which the individual has replaced his old, criminal self with a new, law-abiding self. k ey elements of the transformation narrative are generative motivations, the core self, and a sense of agency. Thus far, it is not known what role these elements play in desistance among released lifers. To fill this caveat, we conducted in-depth life interviews with 67 individuals who had served a life sentence. Almost all interviewees presented a transformation narrative that included a good core self and generative motivations, including those who persisted in criminal behavior. We found that individual agency was a key factor distinguishing the paroled lifers from the re-incarcerated lifers. Findings suggest that rather than learning to present a transformation narrative focused on reflecting a good core self and generative motivations, (post-)prison programs should focus on restoring agency to ensure successful re-entry.
01 Jan 2013
TL;DR: In this article, a conceptual approach employing a doctrinal approach in which secondary data comprising of the primary source involving the Prison Act 1995 and secondary sources including articles in academic journals, books, online database and Internet sources are analysed.
Abstract: The parole system is responsible for rehabilitating prisoners and assisting them in their reintegration into the society successfully. Also, the system aims at protecting public safety and reducing recidivism or reoffending amongst the parolees through prudent public spending. However, the implementation of the system comes with a price tag as without any empirically informed strategies and practices, it will generate higher costs in the future, as the risks and the cycle of recidivism continues. This paper aims at examining the manner in which parole agencies manage the risks of recidivism and the risks to public safety within the constraints of their available human and financial resources. In particular, the paper will focus on the supervision strategy and practices as well as the challenges confronting parole officers in supervising the parolees. The conceptual paper employs a doctrinal approach in which secondary data comprising of the primary source involving the Prison Act 1995 and secondary sources including articles in academic journals, books, online database and Internet sources are analysed. The paper contends that managing the risks involved in the parole system is problematic, requiring not only internal and external support, but also the adoption of viable strategies such as risk targeting, evidence-based program and continuum care approach in a comprehensive manner.
Cites background from "But They All Come Back: Facing the ..."
...…role that families and community social networks play in the lives of prisoners in helping them refrain from committing crimes, makes it imperative for the parole agency to collaborate and engage the informal social controls in the supervision of the prisoners in the community (Travis, 2005)....
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...Travis (2005) opines that a more effective release and supervision plans should be developed collaboratively with inputs from corrections, law enforcement, victims, family members, and community-based organizations....
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01 Jan 2021
TL;DR: The authors integrated findings about maternal involvement in the criminal justice system presented in the Briefs six empirical chapters with what is previously known about incarcerated mothers and their children, applying an intergenerational developmental ecological perspective to the results and discuss the attachment-related themes of separation, loss, and reunion that were addressed in the introduction.
Abstract: This chapter integrates findings about maternal involvement in the criminal justice system presented in the Brief’s six empirical chapters with what is previously known about incarcerated mothers and their children. We apply an intergenerational developmental ecological perspective to the results and discuss the attachment-related themes of separation, loss, and reunion that were addressed in the introduction. We also highlight important points from each chapter and attempt to integrate where there are intersections among issues related to prevention and intervention, gender-responsive programs, and themes of trauma, addiction, child welfare involvement, low-resource environments, and resilience. We briefly touch on issues related to the worldwide novel coronavirus pandemic and the Black Lives Matter movement as related to this volume and the study of incarcerated mothers and their children. Lastly, we present policy and practice implications of the research, including implications for prevention efforts for mothers involved in the criminal justice system and their children and families.
TL;DR: The authors offers some reflections on the "Waged Wars" and the efforts to identify "What Works" based on nearly 40 years of work evaluating criminal justice reform efforts, focusing on strategies to reduce the negative impacts of policing, the disparate impacts of pretrial practices, and better strategies for reducing criminal behavior.
Abstract: Abstract Considerable efforts and resources have been expended to enact reforms to the criminal justice system over the last five decades. Concerns about dramatic increases in violent crime beginning in the late Sixties and accelerating into the 1980s led to the “War on Drugs” and the “War on Crime” that included implementation of more punitive policies and dramatic increases in incarceration and community supervision. More recent reform efforts have focused on strategies to reduce the negative impacts of policing, the disparate impacts of pretrial practices, and better strategies for reducing criminal behavior. Renewed interest in strategies and interventions to reduce criminal behavior has coincided with a focus on identifying “what works.” Recent increases in violence have shifted the national dialog from a focus on progressive reforms to reduce reliance on punitive measures and the disparate impact of the legal system on some groups to a focus on increased investment in “tough on crime” criminal justice approaches. This essay offers some reflections on the “Waged Wars” and the efforts to identify “What Works” based on nearly 40 years of work evaluating criminal justice reform efforts.