But They All Come Back: Facing the Challenges of Prisoner Reentry

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But They All Come Back: Facing the Challenges of Prisoner Reentry

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But They All Come Back: Facing the Challenges of Prisoner Reentry

12 Apr 2005-

TL;DR: Travis as mentioned in this paper proposes organizing the criminal justice system around five principles of reentry to encourage change and spur innovation, and argues that the impact of returning prisoners on families and communities has been largely overlooked.

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Abstract: As our justice system has embarked upon one of our time's greatest social experiments?responding to crime by expanding prisons?we have forgotten the iron law of imprisonment: they all come back. In 2002, more than 630,000 individuals left federal and state prisons. Thirty years ago, only 150,000 did. In the intense political debate over America's punishment policies, the impact of these returning prisoners on families and communities has been largely overlooked. In But They All Come Back, Jeremy Travis continues his pioneering work on the new realities of punishment in America vis-a-vis public safety, families and children, work, housing, public health, civic identity, and community capacity. Travis proposes organizing the criminal justice system around five principles of reentry to encourage change and spur innovation.

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Journal Article•DOI•

The War on Drugs, Racial Meanings, and Structural Racism: A Holistic and Reproductive Approach

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Michael L. Rosino, Matthew W. Hughey

01 May 2018-The American Journal of Economics and Sociology

TL;DR: In this paper, a holistic and reproductive approach was developed to understand racial oppression by analyzing racial meanings and structural racism related to the War on Drugs, and they proposed a framework that captured the relationship between drug policies and enforcement practices, racialized mass incarceration, the distribution of resources, and the reproduction of racial oppression in the United States.

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Abstract: The War on Drugs in the United States has been part of a system of social control targeting low‐income black and Latinx communities. While this statement has been contested, its validity is clear from an encompassing framework that considers the history of racially motivated laws and practices and moral panics among whites who have blamed drug‐related social problems and crime on marginalized racial groups. We develop a holistic and reproductive approach to understanding racial oppression by analyzing racial meanings and structural racism related to the War on Drugs. To uncover structural racism, we propose a framework that captures the relationship between drug policies and enforcement practices, racialized mass incarceration, the distribution of resources, and the reproduction of racial oppression in the United States. To examine racial meanings, we present findings from an in‐depth content analysis of newspaper articles and digital media discussing the War on Drugs. Based on over 30 years of news content—394 op‐eds, letters to the editor, and news articles and 3,145 comments drawn from the comments sections of online news articles—we argue that criminal justice practices and the distribution of racial meanings through the media act as racialized structuring mechanisms. We demonstrate how those mechanisms work in tandem to strengthen and naturalize the connection between racial groups and unequal social positions. We uncover how dominant racial meanings act as symbolic resources that maintain forms of structural racism such as the War on Drugs. Finally, we discuss the benefits of our approach and suggest relevant and necessary future research and practices.

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27 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

The Systemic Model of Crime and Institutional Efficacy An Analysis of the Social Context of Offender Reintegration

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Kevin A. Wright¹, Travis C. Pratt¹, Christopher T. Lowenkamp, Edward J. Latessa²•Institutions (2)

Arizona State University¹, University of Cincinnati²

01 Jan 2013-International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology

TL;DR: The authors’ results indicate that communities suffering from concentrated resource deprivation have a more difficult time creating and maintaining strong institutions of public social control.

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Abstract: The systemic model of crime has received considerable empirical attention from criminologists; yet, an often-neglected component of the theoretical framework is the role of social institutions as a source of both formal and informal social control. Accordingly, the current study builds on recent research that considers the importance of institutional strength for the reduction of criminal behavior; in particular, the authors assess the impact of social-structural characteristics on the treatment program integrity (i.e., institutional efficacy) of 38 halfway house programs in Ohio. The authors' results indicate that communities suffering from concentrated resource deprivation have a more difficult time creating and maintaining strong institutions of public social control. The implications for criminological theory and correctional policy are discussed.

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27 citations

Cites background from "But They All Come Back: Facing the ..."

...Providing all of the required aftercare services in one place sets up ex-offenders to succeed (Byrne & Taxman, 2005), yet it must also be recognized that there is a considerable degree of overlap between ex-offenders and those already attended to by service sectors outside of the criminal justice system (Travis, 2005)....
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...…required aftercare services in one place sets up ex-offenders to succeed (Byrne & Taxman, 2005), yet it must also be recognized that there is a considerable degree of overlap between ex-offenders and those already attended to by service sectors outside of the criminal justice system (Travis, 2005)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

On the move: Incarceration, race, and residential mobility.

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Cody Warner¹•Institutions (1)

Montana State University¹

01 Jul 2015-Social Science Research

TL;DR: It is found that individuals with a history of incarceration are more likely to move after prison than they are before prison, and this relationship holds even after accounting for various time-varying and time-stable sources of spuriousness.

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27 citations

The Punishment Imperative

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Todd R. Clear, Natasha A. Frost

01 Nov 2013

26 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Effects of prison work programmes on the employability of ex-prisoners:

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Ramon Alós¹, Fernando Osvaldo Esteban², Pere Jódar³, Fausto Miguélez¹•Institutions (3)

Autonomous University of Barcelona¹, University of Valencia², Pompeu Fabra University³

01 Jan 2015-European Journal of Criminology

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the results of a study that links information from the prison system with information from Spanish Social Security System in order to study the employability of former inmat...

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Abstract: This paper presents the results of a study that links information from the prison system with information from the Spanish Social Security System in order to study the employability of former inmat...

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26 citations

Cites background from "But They All Come Back: Facing the ..."

...Furthermore, Travis (2005) states that prisoners are a population with poor health, so attention should be paid to this problem at the time of release....
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...These studies have underscored the idea that ‘nothing works’ (Martinson, 1974) as regards rehabilitative and treatment programmes in correctional facilities (Travis, 2005) or ‘prison works’ from the viewpoint of rational choice (Bottoms et al....
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...For example, Travis (2005) found that 12.5 percent of those arrested in the United States in 1997 had part-time or casual jobs, 22.0 percent were in the illegal labour market and 31.5 percent were unemployed....
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...…have underscored the idea that ‘nothing works’ (Martinson, 1974) as regards rehabilitative and treatment programmes in correctional facilities (Travis, 2005) or ‘prison works’ from the viewpoint of rational choice (Bottoms et al., 2004; Nelken, 2009), Gottfredson and Hirschi (1990) propose…...
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