But They All Come Back: Facing the Challenges of Prisoner Reentry

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But They All Come Back: Facing the Challenges of Prisoner Reentry

12 Apr 2005-

TL;DR: Travis as mentioned in this paper proposes organizing the criminal justice system around five principles of reentry to encourage change and spur innovation, and argues that the impact of returning prisoners on families and communities has been largely overlooked.

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Abstract: As our justice system has embarked upon one of our time's greatest social experiments?responding to crime by expanding prisons?we have forgotten the iron law of imprisonment: they all come back. In 2002, more than 630,000 individuals left federal and state prisons. Thirty years ago, only 150,000 did. In the intense political debate over America's punishment policies, the impact of these returning prisoners on families and communities has been largely overlooked. In But They All Come Back, Jeremy Travis continues his pioneering work on the new realities of punishment in America vis-a-vis public safety, families and children, work, housing, public health, civic identity, and community capacity. Travis proposes organizing the criminal justice system around five principles of reentry to encourage change and spur innovation.

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Journal Article•DOI•

Superficial Survey Choice: An Experimental Test of a Potential Method for Increasing Response Rates and Response Quality in Correctional Surveys

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Justin T. Pickett¹, Christi Metcalfe², Thomas C. Baker³, Marc Gertz², Laura E. Bedard - Show less +1 more•Institutions (3)

University at Albany, SUNY¹, Florida State University², Virginia Commonwealth University³

01 Jun 2014-Journal of Quantitative Criminology

TL;DR: In this paper, a survey of male inmates in a medium security, private prison was conducted, and the authors found that the overall response rate is higher among inmates who are provided a survey choice.

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Abstract: Drawing on prior theoretical and empirical work on survey participation, this study develops one potential method for increasing response rates and response quality in correctional surveys. Specifically, we hypothesize that providing inmates with a superficial survey choice (SSC)—that is, a choice between completing either of two voluntary surveys that are actually differently ordered versions of the same questionnaire—will increase their motivation both to participate in a given survey and to respond thoughtfully to the questions asked therein. We test the effectiveness of this method by evaluating its impact on unit nonresponse, item nonresponse, and answer reliability. To do this, we analyze experimental data from a recent survey of male inmates incarcerated in a medium security, private prison. Findings indicate that the overall response rate is higher among inmates who are provided a survey choice. In addition, the evidence shows that the SSC method increases the percentage of individual items completed, the number of demanding questions completed, and the reliability of reported responses. The results from the analyses are consistent with the hypotheses that motivated this study and suggest that the SSC method holds promise as a tool for correctional researchers.

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16 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Navigating Discrepancy: Youth Perspectives on Parental Reentry From Prison

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Elizabeth I. Johnson¹, Beth Easterling²•Institutions (2)

University of Tennessee¹, University of Washington²

30 Jan 2015-Journal of Offender Rehabilitation

TL;DR: The authors explored reentry-related expectations and experiences among adolescents whose parents are or were recently incarcerated (n = 11) and found a common thread of discrepancy in participants' lives, particularly in terms of conceptions of family, salience of mature topics, and expectations for reentry.

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Abstract: Through semistructured interviews, this study explores reentry-related expectations and experiences among adolescents whose parents are or were recently incarcerated (n = 11). Results suggested a common thread of discrepancy in participants’ lives, particularly in terms of conceptions of family, salience of mature topics, and expectations for reentry. Results further suggested that youth who had multiple family members with incarceration histories were especially attuned to mature topics and that participants who were exclusively hopeful about their parent's reentry either had limited contact with them prior to incarceration or had positive, transformative experiences with them during the incarceration period.

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16 citations

Cites background from "But They All Come Back: Facing the ..."

...…DOI: 10.1080/10509674.2014.972604 60 Former offenders, regardless of whether or not they are parents, face numerous challenges upon reentry including limited employment prospects, social stigma, and legal barriers to securing housing and health care (Petersilia, 2003; Raphael, 2011; Travis, 2005)....
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...Former offenders, regardless of whether or not they are parents, face numerous challenges upon reentry including limited employment prospects, social stigma, and legal barriers to securing housing and health care (Petersilia, 2003; Raphael, 2011; Travis, 2005)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

A promising jail reentry program revisited: results from a quasi-experimental design

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Holly Ventura Miller¹, J. Mitchell Miller¹•Institutions (1)

University of North Florida¹

19 Feb 2015-Criminal Justice Studies

TL;DR: The authors examined the second cohort (2011-2013) of the Auglaize County Transition Program (ACT), a BJA-designated "promising" reentry program, and found that the treatment group had significantly lower rates of rearrest and probation violations at the biva...

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Abstract: Prisoner reentry remains a significant challenge for the criminal justice system with millions of offenders returning to society each year from the nation’s prisons and jails. Employment, housing, and access to substance abuse and mental health treatment are common, often unmet, challenges for the returning offender. In response, state and local jurisdictions have implemented reentry programming designed to assist in the transition from incarceration to the community. While most of these programs have targeted offenders in prisons, a growing number of local jurisdictions have implemented reentry initiatives through federal funding. This study examines the second cohort (2011–2013) of the Auglaize County (OH) transition program (ACT), a BJA-designated ‘promising’ reentry program. This evaluation sought to determine if the program maintained its positive impact on participant recidivism. Findings indicate that the treatment group had significantly lower rates of rearrest and probation violations at the biva...

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16 citations

Cites background from "But They All Come Back: Facing the ..."

...Reentry to the community remains a difficult challenge for offenders (Petersilia, 2004; Travis, 2005; Travis & Waul, 2004)....
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...poverty, concentrated disadvantage) variables, as well as factors, such as criminal history, drug dependency, and limited educational attainment (Benedict & Huff-Corzine, 1997; Benedict, Huff-Corzine, & Corzine, 1998; Irish, 1989; Petersilia, 1999; Travis, 2005; Travis & Waul, 2004; Ulmer, 2001)....
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...Because more than 90% of inmates are eventually released (BJS, 2009), the adequate address of offender needs both prior to and following release has emerged as a leading policy shift in the system toward the rehabilitative ideal (Soloman, Osborne, LoBuglio, Mellow, & Mukamal, 2008; Travis, 2005; Travis & Waul, 2004)....
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...…of inmates are eventually released (BJS, 2009), the adequate address of offender needs both prior to and following release has emerged as a leading policy shift in the system toward the rehabilitative ideal (Soloman, Osborne, LoBuglio, Mellow, & Mukamal, 2008; Travis, 2005; Travis & Waul, 2004)....
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...…poverty, concentrated disadvantage) variables, as well as factors, such as criminal history, drug dependency, and limited educational attainment (Benedict & Huff-Corzine, 1997; Benedict, Huff-Corzine, & Corzine, 1998; Irish, 1989; Petersilia, 1999; Travis, 2005; Travis & Waul, 2004; Ulmer, 2001)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Does Parolee Drug Testing Influence Employment and Education Outcomes? Evidence from a Randomized Experiment with Noncompliance

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Beau Kilmer¹•Institutions (1)

RAND Corporation¹

01 Mar 2008-Journal of Quantitative Criminology

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of parolee drug testing on labor and education outcomes with data from a randomized experiment involving 1,958 young parolees was investigated. And the results indicated that drug testing with graduated sanctions can improve short-run employment and education outcome for parolees.

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Abstract: Despite the ubiquity of drug testing in criminal justice settings, there is little experimental evidence suggesting that testing reduces drug use or engenders pro-social behavior. This paper estimates the effect of parolee drug testing on labor and education outcomes with data from a randomized experiment involving 1,958 young parolees. It provides the first estimates in the literature suggesting that drug testing with graduated sanctions can improve short-run employment and education outcomes for parolees. After controlling for parole office fixed effects, juvenile criminal history, and a host of other covariates, the analyses suggest that parolees randomly assigned to testing are 6–8 percentage points (∼11%) less likely to be unemployed and not in school for the month following release to parole when compared to those assigned to the no-testing condition. Racially- and ethnically-stratified analyses find that Hispanics assigned to testing are 10–13 percentage points (∼22%) less likely to be unemployed and not in school, while the estimated coefficient for Blacks is statistically insignificant and hovers around zero. Analyses that use instrumental variable techniques to account for noncompliance by parole officers yield local average treatment effects that are almost twice as large as the intention-to-treat effects.

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16 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

The Effectiveness of Enhanced Parole Supervision and Community Services New Jersey’s Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative

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Bonita M. Veysey¹, Michael Ostermann¹, Jennifer L. Lanterman²•Institutions (2)

Rutgers University¹, University of Nevada, Reno²

27 Aug 2014-The Prison Journal

TL;DR: The Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (SVORI) as discussed by the authors was used to develop and/or fill gaps in reentry strategies through the New Jersey SVORI intervention and evaluated its relative impacts on participants' rearrest rates.

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Abstract: In 2003, the U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, in collaboration with other federal partner agencies provided approximately US$110 million in funding to all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the U.S. Virgin Islands to develop and/or fill gaps in reentry strategies through the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (SVORI). This article describes the New Jersey SVORI intervention approach and evaluates its relative impacts on participants’ rearrest rates. SVORI participants are compared with randomly selected parolees (n = 100) and unconditional releases (n = 100) that did not receive services through SVORI but otherwise met the inclusion criteria of the New Jersey SVORI intervention. Results indicate that SVORI participants were rearrested at a significantly lower rate during the follow-up period when compared with both of the non-SVORI groups. Policy issues are discussed by the authors.

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16 citations

Cites background from "But They All Come Back: Facing the ..."

...These high levels of recidivism by former inmates in general and parolees in particular substantially contribute to nationallevel crime rates (Rosenfeld, Wallman, & Fornango, 2005; Travis, 2005)....
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But They All Come Back: Facing the Challenges of Prisoner Reentry

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Cites background from "But They All Come Back: Facing the ..."

Cites background from "But They All Come Back: Facing the ..."

Cites background from "But They All Come Back: Facing the ..."

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