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But They All Come Back: Facing the Challenges of Prisoner Reentry

12 Apr 2005-
TL;DR: Travis as mentioned in this paper proposes organizing the criminal justice system around five principles of reentry to encourage change and spur innovation, and argues that the impact of returning prisoners on families and communities has been largely overlooked.
Abstract: As our justice system has embarked upon one of our time's greatest social experiments?responding to crime by expanding prisons?we have forgotten the iron law of imprisonment: they all come back. In 2002, more than 630,000 individuals left federal and state prisons. Thirty years ago, only 150,000 did. In the intense political debate over America's punishment policies, the impact of these returning prisoners on families and communities has been largely overlooked. In But They All Come Back, Jeremy Travis continues his pioneering work on the new realities of punishment in America vis-a-vis public safety, families and children, work, housing, public health, civic identity, and community capacity. Travis proposes organizing the criminal justice system around five principles of reentry to encourage change and spur innovation.
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present findings from the implementation and process phases of a multi-stage program evaluation of two Second Chance Act funded initiatives in Delaware County, Ohio, and discuss the role of process evaluation in assessments of intervention effectiveness and the importance of establishing program fidelity prior to outcome analysis.
Abstract: Reentry programming for offenders has increased considerably since the passage of the Second Chance Act in 2008. This study presents findings from the implementation and process phases of a multi-stage program evaluation of two Second Chance Act funded initiatives in Delaware County, Ohio. Two distinct programs, one for offenders diagnosed with co-occurring mental health and substance abuse disorders and another for substance dependent offenders with minor children, were examined using a mixed-methodological research design incorporating process and outcome phases. Process findings focus on determinations of program fidelity and adherence to evidence-based practices. Discussion centers on the role of process evaluation in assessments of intervention effectiveness and the importance of establishing program fidelity prior to outcome analysis.

16 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The use of the prison system to incarcerate has been one of the state's primary control mechanisms since the early 1970s, immediately following many civil rights changes as mentioned in this paper, and a system of mass incarceration has entailed wide and continuous racial disparities which maintain inequality across social institutions, such as the economy and political participation.
Abstract: The use of the prison system to incarcerate has been one of the state’s primary control mechanisms since the early 1970s, immediately following many civil rights changes. A system of mass incarceration has entailed wide and continuous racial disparities which maintain inequality across social institutions, such as the economy and political participation – the institutions in which the civil rights movement sought to secure equality. This analysis examines the association between disparate crime control and racial residential segregation, another major social institution targeted by the civil rights movement. Links to theoretical discussions on racial formation, law and crime control, and residential segregation to advance our understanding of inequalities and the reciprocal relationships between these institutionalized processes are presented.

16 citations


Cites background from "But They All Come Back: Facing the ..."

  • ...For many ex-offenders, finding housing, alongside employment, is difficult and leads many into homelessness (Travis, 2002)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Overall, findings supported the hypothesis that offense-based labels were associated with less willingness to volunteer, with findings most pronounced for the “sex offender’ and “child sex offender” labels.
Abstract: The present study examined the effect of offense-based labels on community members' willingness to volunteer with people convicted for varying offenses and any priming effect of labeling language. Participants (N = 310) were randomly assigned to a label condition or a neutral condition and completed an anonymous online survey about their willingness to volunteer with different groups. The labeling condition utilized labels (e.g., "sex offenders," "murderers"), whereas the control condition utilized neutral descriptors (e.g., "people who have committed crimes of a sexual nature"). Overall, findings supported the hypothesis that offense-based labels were associated with less willingness to volunteer, with findings most pronounced for the "sex offender" and "child sex offender" labels. Participants in the labeling condition showed greater voluntary use of labels compared with neutral language and were more likely to use labels compared with participants in the neutral condition. Implications for influencing public opinion are discussed.

16 citations


Cites background from "But They All Come Back: Facing the ..."

  • ...Volunteer initiatives such as CoSA complement the rehabilitative services offered by the criminal justice system, yet most people want little to do with people who have sexually offended (Burchfield & Mingus, 2008; Grossi, 2017; Travis, 2005)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Overall, findings suggest that family conflict is an overlooked, but absolutely critical, factor in explaining deviance and deviant peer associations alike for adolescents and emerging adults who have been recently incarcerated and released.
Abstract: Despite the uniqueness of an incarceration experience for adolescents, there remains a shortage of research on adolescents and emerging adults who have been recently released from detention centers and are returning home during the transitional time period of "reentry". Drawing from the developmental literature, the current study uses a diverse (54% Black, 20% White, 26% Other Race) longitudinal survey of 337 male adolescents living in the United States to examine the interrelationships among crime, substance use, family conflict, and peer delinquency. A series of cross-lagged dynamic panel data models using four waves of data demonstrate that while family conflict and peer delinquency relate to increased offending and substance use, conflict in the family is a major driving force behind both future family conflict and peer delinquency. Overall, findings suggest that family conflict is an overlooked, but absolutely critical, factor in explaining deviance and deviant peer associations alike for adolescents and emerging adults who have been recently incarcerated and released.

16 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of a facility on the effectiveness of rehabilitation treatment is analyzed from the point of view of the service provider, and the direct perspectives of service providers are analyzed.
Abstract: Facilities are important aspects of rehabilitative treatment. To fully understand the impact of a facility on the effectiveness of treatment, the direct perspectives of service providers are critic...

16 citations


Cites background from "But They All Come Back: Facing the ..."

  • ...John), and petrifaction of criminal tendencies (Nagin, Cullen, & Jonson, 2009; Travis, 2005)....

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  • ...…including economic hardship (Western & Pettit, 2010), psychological maladjustment (Haney, 2003), difficulty in socialization (Rose & Clear, 1998), limited access to education (Evans, Szkola, & St. John), and petrifaction of criminal tendencies (Nagin, Cullen, & Jonson, 2009; Travis, 2005)....

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