But They All Come Back: Facing the Challenges of Prisoner Reentry

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But They All Come Back: Facing the Challenges of Prisoner Reentry

12 Apr 2005-

TL;DR: Travis as mentioned in this paper proposes organizing the criminal justice system around five principles of reentry to encourage change and spur innovation, and argues that the impact of returning prisoners on families and communities has been largely overlooked.

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Abstract: As our justice system has embarked upon one of our time's greatest social experiments?responding to crime by expanding prisons?we have forgotten the iron law of imprisonment: they all come back. In 2002, more than 630,000 individuals left federal and state prisons. Thirty years ago, only 150,000 did. In the intense political debate over America's punishment policies, the impact of these returning prisoners on families and communities has been largely overlooked. In But They All Come Back, Jeremy Travis continues his pioneering work on the new realities of punishment in America vis-a-vis public safety, families and children, work, housing, public health, civic identity, and community capacity. Travis proposes organizing the criminal justice system around five principles of reentry to encourage change and spur innovation.

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Journal Article•DOI•

Histories of childhood victimization and subsequent mental health problems, substance use, and sexual victimization for a sample of incarcerated women in the US.

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Stephen J. Tripodi¹, Carrie Pettus-Davis²•Institutions (2)

Florida State University¹, Washington University in St. Louis²

01 Jan 2013-International Journal of Law and Psychiatry

TL;DR: Results indicate that women prisoners in this sample, who were both physically and sexually victimized as children, were more likely to be hospitalized as an adult for a psychological or emotional problem, and women who were sexually victimized or both sexually and physically victimized were more than twice as likely to attempt suicide.

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150 citations

Cites background from "But They All Come Back: Facing the ..."

...A general lack of programming designed to meet women-specific needs has been argued to also contribute to the recidivism rates of formerly incarcerated women (Petersilia, 2009; Travis, 2005; von Wormer & Kaplan, 2009)....
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...A general lack of programming designed to meet women-specific needs has been argued to also contribute to the recidivism rates of formerly incarcerated women (Petersilia, 2009; Travis, 2005; von Wormer & Kaplan, 2009)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Reintegration Success and Failure: Factors Impacting Reintegration Among Incarcerated and Formerly Incarcerated Women

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Jennifer E. Cobbina¹•Institutions (1)

Michigan State University¹

24 Mar 2010-Journal of Offender Rehabilitation

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used official records and survey and in-depth interviews of 50 current and formerly incarcerated women to assess their accounts of what shapes reintegration success and failure.

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Abstract: Criminologists have explored the reentry experience of formerly incarcerated adults, documented the pressing challenges of reentry, the correlates of recidivism, and the causes of desistance. Given scholars' focus on reentry to explain what factors impact criminal outcome, this raises the interesting question of whether and how such factors shape the process and outcome of reintegration. The current study uses official records and survey and in-depth interviews of 50 current and formerly incarcerated women to assess their accounts of what shapes reintegration success and failure. Results highlight the utility of an intragender approach and have import for policy aimed at women.

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145 citations

Cites background from "But They All Come Back: Facing the ..."

...KEYWORDS incarceration, parole, reentry, reintegration, women A number of criminologists have explored the reentry experience of formerly incarcerated adults (Petersilia, 2003; Travis, 2005)....
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...Studies have documented the pressing challenges of reentry (Petersilia, 2003; Richie, 2001; Travis, 2005), the correlates of recidivism (Beck & Shipley, 1989; Bonta, Pang, & Wallance, 1995), and the causes of desistance (Giordano, Cernkovich, & Rudolph, 2002; Laub & Sampson, 2003; Maruna, 2001)....
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...A number of criminologists have explored the reentry experience of formerly incarcerated adults (Petersilia, 2003; Travis, 2005)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Is Employment Associated With Reduced Recidivism? The Complex Relationship Between Employment and Crime

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Stephen J. Tripodi¹, Johnny S. Kim², Kimberly Bender³•Institutions (3)

Florida State University¹, University of Kansas², University of Denver³

01 Oct 2010-International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology

TL;DR: It is argued that increased time crime-free is an indicator of positive behavior change that should be supplemented with clinical interventions to help formerly incarcerated persons maintain the initial motivation associated with employment.

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Abstract: This article explores the association between employment and recidivism for parolees released from Texas prisons. Along with determining whether obtaining employment on release from prison is associated with decreased odds of reincarceration, this article analyzes whether obtaining employment is associated with increased time to reincarceration. Proportional hazard models were used to examine the effect of employment on reincarceration over time. This analysis allowed a unique view of desistance from crime as a process of behavioral change with multiple stages. Results generally support this perspective, finding that although obtaining employment is not associated with a significant decrease in likelihood of reincarceration, it is associated with significantly greater time to reincarceration. Thus, among parolees who are reincarcerated, those who obtain employment spend more time crime-free in the community before returning to prison. This article argues that increased time crime-free is an indicator of p...

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143 citations

Cites background from "But They All Come Back: Facing the ..."

...After remaining relatively stable for several decades, a trend of mass incarceration began in the U.S. in the 1970s (Travis, 2005)....
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...…ex-prisoners to be most at-risk for re-incarceration their first year out of prison, existing post-prison services generally target offenders within their first year of release but are virtually non-existent for ex-prisoners who have been out of prison for more than one year (Travis, 2005)....
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...Because most criminologists’ consider ex-prisoners to be most at-risk for re-incarceration their first year out of prison, existing post-prison services generally target offenders within their first year of release but are virtually non-existent for ex-prisoners who have been out of prison for more than one year (Travis, 2005)....
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...Because most criminologists consider ex-prisoners to be most at risk for reincarceration during their 1st year out of prison, existing post-prison services generally target offenders within their 1st year of release but are virtually nonexistent for ex-prisoners who have been out of prison for more than 1 year (Travis, 2005)....
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...After remaining relatively stable for several decades, a trend of mass incarceration began in the United States in the 1970s (Travis, 2005)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Confining Fatherhood Incarceration and Paternal Involvement Among Nonresident White, African American, and Latino Fathers

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Raymond R. Swisher¹, Maureen R. Waller²•Institutions (2)

Bowling Green State University¹, Cornell University²

26 Mar 2008-Journal of Family Issues

TL;DR: This paper examined the consequences of incarceration for nonresident White, Latino, and African American fathers' contact with children and their formal and informal child support agreements using data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study.

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Abstract: The authors examine the consequences of incarceration for nonresident White, Latino, and African American fathers' contact with children and their formal and informal child support agreements. Using data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, they found that fathers' current incarceration presented serious obstacles to maintaining contact with children and interfered with the establishment of informal financial support agreements with mothers. Recent and past incarceration were strongly and negatively associated with how often non-Latino White fathers saw their children but had a considerably smaller effect for African American and Latino fathers. A similar pattern of racial and ethnic differences was observed with respect to mothers' trust of fathers to take care of their children. Findings suggest the continued need for fathering programs in prisons and for reentry programs for fathers in communities following their release.

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141 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Life on the Outside: Returning Home after Incarceration

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Christy A. Visher¹, Jeremy Travis²•Institutions (2)

University of Delaware¹, John Jay College of Criminal Justice²

19 Aug 2011-The Prison Journal

TL;DR: With record-high incarceration rates, unprecedented extension of state supervision over individuals leaving prison, and a complex maze of legal barriers to reintegration, more people than ever befo...

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Abstract: With record-high incarceration rates, unprecedented extension of state supervision over individuals leaving prison, and a complex maze of legal barriers to reintegration, more people than ever befo...

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136 citations

Cites background from "But They All Come Back: Facing the ..."

...There is a very simple and immutable “iron law of imprisonment” (Travis, 2005): Except for those who die in prison, everyone who goes to prison ultimately returns home (Petersilia, 2003)....
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But They All Come Back: Facing the Challenges of Prisoner Reentry

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Cites background from "But They All Come Back: Facing the ..."

Cites background from "But They All Come Back: Facing the ..."

Cites background from "But They All Come Back: Facing the ..."

Cites background from "But They All Come Back: Facing the ..."

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