Calculation of Response Time of Ceiling Mounted Fire Detectors
TL;DR: An understanding of the behavior of the fire plume and fire-induced flow near the ceiling of a room is necessary if one is to optimize detector response time and placement as discussed by the authors, which is the case in this paper.
Abstract: An understanding of the behavior of the fire plume and fire-induced flow near the ceiling of a room is necessary if one is to optimize detector response time and placement.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a set of model scale experiments were carried out, to investigate the influence of different transverse fire locations on maximum smoke temperature under the tunnel ceiling, and the results showed that the restriction effect of the sidewalls of tunnels cause the maximum smoke temperatures under the ceiling to increase compared with the unconfined space, even fires occurs at the longitudinal centerline.
227 citations
Cites background from "Calculation of Response Time of Cei..."
...Alpert [4] developed a set of equations to predict the temperature profile under the ceiling, where the distances between the fire...
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the physics characteristics of the flame plume temperature, induced by a ceiling jet and their coupling with an extraction flow, using a ceiling smoke extraction. And the results indicated that the new global model can effectively predict experimental data.
147 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, 12 tests were conducted to study the distribution of smoke temperature along the tunnel ceiling in the one-dimensional spreading phase, two tests in a large-scale tunnel and the other ten in full-scale vehicular tunnels.
146 citations
Cites background from "Calculation of Response Time of Cei..."
...The temperature and velocity distribution of ceiling jet under such condition had been well studied by Alpert [15,16,18] and Heskestad [17]....
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TL;DR: In this paper, a number of examples of the use of these expressions have been given in which radiation heat transfer and internal resistance to heat transfer have been ignored for simplicity, and these simplifying assumptions are likely to be violated in many applications considering structural failure and material ignition.
131 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a literature review of the research on the new topic of travelling fires is presented, highlighting the pioneering work in the field to date, and compared to the state of the art.
116 citations
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