Cancer Cell Membrane-Coated Gold Nanocages with Hyperthermia-Triggered Drug Release and Homotypic Target Inhibit Growth and Metastasis of Breast Cancer
TL;DR: The authors report a biomimetic drug delivery system composed of doxorubicin‐loaded gold nanocages as the inner cores and 4T1 cancer cell membranes as the outer shells that can realize the selective targeting of the homotypic tumor cells, hyperthermia‐triggered drug release under the near‐infrared laser irradiation, and the combination of chemo/photothermal therapy.
Abstract: The cell-specific targeting drug delivery and controlled release of drug at the cancer cells are still the main challenges for anti-breast cancer metastasis therapy. Herein, the authors first report a biomimetic drug delivery system composed of doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded gold nanocages (AuNs) as the inner cores and 4T1 cancer cell membranes (CMVs) as the outer shells (coated surface of DOX-incorporated AuNs (CDAuNs)). The CDAuNs, perfectly utilizing the natural cancer cell membranes with the homotypic targeting and hyperthermia-responsive ability to cap the DAuNs with the photothermal property, can realize the selective targeting of the homotypic tumor cells, hyperthermia-triggered drug release under the near-infrared laser irradiation, and the combination of chemo/photothermal therapy. The CDAuNs exhibit a stimuli-release of DOX under the hyperthermia and a high cell-specific targeting of the 4T1 cells in vitro. Moreover, the excellent combinational therapy with about 98.9% and 98.5% inhibiting rates of the tumor volume and metastatic nodules is observed in the 4T1 orthotopic mammary tumor models. As a result, CDAuNs can be a promising nanodelivery system for the future therapy of breast cancer.
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TL;DR: It is believed that PTT and PAI having noteworthy features would become promising next-generation non-invasive cancer theranostic techniques and improve the ability to combat cancers.
Abstract: The nonradiative conversion of light energy into heat (photothermal therapy, PTT) or sound energy (photoacoustic imaging, PAI) has been intensively investigated for the treatment and diagnosis of cancer, respectively. By taking advantage of nanocarriers, both imaging and therapeutic functions together with enhanced tumour accumulation have been thoroughly studied to improve the pre-clinical efficiency of PAI and PTT. In this review, we first summarize the development of inorganic and organic nano photothermal transduction agents (PTAs) and strategies for improving the PTT outcomes, including applying appropriate laser dosage, guiding the treatment via imaging techniques, developing PTAs with absorption in the second NIR window, increasing photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE), and also increasing the accumulation of PTAs in tumours. Second, we introduce the advantages of combining PTT with other therapies in cancer treatment. Third, the emerging applications of PAI in cancer-related research are exemplified. Finally, the perspectives and challenges of PTT and PAI for combating cancer, especially regarding their clinical translation, are discussed. We believe that PTT and PAI having noteworthy features would become promising next-generation non-invasive cancer theranostic techniques and improve our ability to combat cancers.
1,721 citations
TL;DR: There is still significant room for development, as researchers continue to refine existing workflows while finding new and exciting applications that can take advantage of this developing technology, cell‐membrane‐coating nanotechnology.
Abstract: Nanoparticle-based therapeutic, prevention, and detection modalities have the potential to greatly impact how diseases are diagnosed and managed in the clinic. With the wide range of nanomaterials available, the rational design of nanocarriers on an application-specific basis has become increasingly commonplace. Here, a comprehensive overview is provided on an emerging platform: cell-membrane-coating nanotechnology. As a fundamental unit of biology, cells carry out a wide range of functions, including the remarkable ability to interface and interact with their surrounding environment. Instead of attempting to replicate such functions via synthetic techniques, researchers are now directly leveraging naturally derived cell membranes as a means of bestowing nanoparticles with enhanced biointerfacing capabilities. This top-down technique is facile, highly generalizable, and has the potential to greatly augment existing nanocarriers. Further, the introduction of a natural membrane substrate onto nanoparticles surfaces has enabled additional applications beyond those traditionally associated with nanomedicine. Despite its relative youth, there exists an impressive body of literature on cell membrane coating, which is covered here in detail. Overall, there is still significant room for development, as researchers continue to refine existing workflows while finding new and exciting applications that can take advantage of this developing technology.
908 citations
TL;DR: A cancer targeted cascade bioreactor was constructed by embedding glucose oxidase and catalase in the cancer cell membrane-camouflaged porphyrin metal-organic framework of PCN-224 to enhance its cancer targeting and retention abilities and displayed amplified synergistic therapeutic effects of long-term cancer starvation therapy and robust PDT.
Abstract: Selectively cuting off the nutrient supply and the metabolism pathways of cancer cells would be a promising approach to improve the efficiency of cancer treatment. Here, a cancer targeted cascade bioreactor (designated as mCGP) was constructed for synergistic starvation and photodynamic therapy (PDT) by embedding glucose oxidase (GOx) and catalase in the cancer cell membrane-camouflaged porphyrin metal–organic framework (MOF) of PCN-224 (PCN stands for porous coordination network). Due to biomimetic surface functionalization, the immune escape and homotypic targeting behaviors of mCGP would dramatically enhance its cancer targeting and retention abilities. Once internalized by cancer cells, mCGP was found to promote microenvironmental oxygenation by catalyzing the endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to produce oxygen (O2), which would subsequently accelerate the decomposition of intracellular glucose and enhance the production of cytotoxic singlet oxygen (1O2) under light irradiation. Consequently, mCGP d...
593 citations
TL;DR: The DOX-loaded [RBC-B16]-coated CuS NP platform exhibits excellent synergistic photothermal/chemotherapy with about 100% melanoma tumor growth inhibition rate and may contribute to personalized nanomedicine of various tumors by combining the RBCs with a homotypic cancer membrane accordingly on the surface of the nanoparticle.
Abstract: Cellular-membrane-coated nanoparticles have increasingly been pursued to leverage the natural cell functions for enhancing biocompatibility and improved therapeutic efficacy. Taking advantage of specialized cell membranes or combining functions from different membrane types facilitates the strengthening of their functionality. Herein, we fuse membrane materials derived from red blood cells (RBCs) and melanoma cells (B16-F10 cells) to create a hybrid biomimetic coating (RBC–B16), and RBC–B16 hybrid membrane camouflaged doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded hollow copper sulfide nanoparticles (DCuS@[RBC–B16] NPs) are fabricated for combination therapy of melanoma. The DCuS@[RBC–B16] NPs are comprehensively characterized, showing the inherent properties of the both source cells. Compared to the bare CuS NPs, the DCuS@[RBC–B16] NPs exhibit highly specific self-recognition to the source cell line in vitro and achieve markedly prolonged circulation lifetime and enhanced homogeneous targeting abilities in vivo inherited from...
335 citations
TL;DR: This review summarizes the recent advances in the development of biomimetic cell membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles for cancer phototherapy and suggests that combining other supplementary agents to normalize tumor microenvironment can further enhance the therapeutic efficacy against cancer.
Abstract: Phototherapy including photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) employs phototherapeutic agents to generate heat or cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS), and has therefore garnered particular interest for cancer therapy. However, the main challenges faced by conventional phototherapeutic agents include easy recognition by the immune system, rapid clearance from blood circulation, and low accumulation in target sites. Cell-membrane coating has emerged as a potential way to overcome these limitations, owing to the abundant proteins on the surface of cell membranes that can be inherited to the cell membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles. This review summarizes the recent advances in the development of biomimetic cell membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles for cancer phototherapy. Different sources of cell membranes can be used to coat nanoparticles uisng different coating approaches. After cell-membrane coating, the photophysical properties of the original phototherapeutic nanoparticles remain nearly unchanged; however, the coated nanoparticles are equipped with additional physiological features including immune escape, in vivo prolonged circulation time, or homologous targeting, depending on the cell sources. Moreover, the coated cell membrane can be ablated from phototherapeutic nanoparticles under laser irradiation, leading to drug release and thus synergetic therapy. By combining other supplementary agents to normalize tumor microenvironment, cell-membrane coating can further enhance the therapeutic efficacy against cancer.
317 citations
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4,572 citations
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TL;DR: The features of nanoparticle therapeutics that distinguish them from previous anticancer therapies are highlighted, and how these features provide the potential for therapeutic effects that are not achievable with other modalities are described.
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TL;DR: This review summarizes historical and scientific perspectives of Doxil development and lessons learned from its development and 20 years of its use and demonstrates the obligatory need for applying an understanding of the cross talk between physicochemical, nano-technological, and biological principles.
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