Cancer Stem Cells in Squamous Cell Carcinoma Switch between Two Distinct Phenotypes That Are Preferentially Migratory or Proliferative
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Cites background from "Cancer Stem Cells in Squamous Cell ..."
...Several recent studies that demonstrated the importance of cellular plasticity in metastasis support such a model (Biddle et al., 2011; Thompson and Haviv, 2011)....
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Cites background from "Cancer Stem Cells in Squamous Cell ..."
...An alternative hypothesis that attempts to resolve the connection between EMT, MET, and stemness proposes that CSCs come in two distinct states – “epithelial-like” and “mesenchymal-like” (151, 152)....
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...(152), thereby contributing to the notion that cells locked in a complete EMT phenotype significantly lose their plasticity....
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...(152)) can give rise to both epitheliallike and mesenchymal-like populations and hence bilineage colonies in vitro....
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References
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"Cancer Stem Cells in Squamous Cell ..." refers background in this paper
...For solid tumors, CSCs with these properties were first shown in breast cancers as cells with a CD44highCD24lowESAþ staining pattern (6)....
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"Cancer Stem Cells in Squamous Cell ..." refers background in this paper
...Breast-cancer cells with the CD44highCD24low tumor-initiating phenotype express EMT markers, a finding that established a link between CSCs and EMT (16) and it is now increasingly recognized that EMT plays an important role in the metastasis of OSCC (15), breast cancer (17), and several other types of carcinoma....
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...Breast cancer cells with the CD44CD24 tumour-initiating phenotype express EMT markers, a finding that established a link between CSCs and EMT (16) and it is now increasingly recognized that EMT plays an important role in the metastasis of OSCC (15), breast cancer (17), and several other types of carcinoma....
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"Cancer Stem Cells in Squamous Cell ..." refers methods in this paper
...As ability to grow as floating spheres is a characteristic of CSCs in breast (29) and brain tumors (30), we counted the number of spheres formed when the three populations were seeded in suspension culture using nonadherent plates (Fig....
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"Cancer Stem Cells in Squamous Cell ..." refers background in this paper
...tion of epithelial products such as E-cadherin and upregulation of EMT-inducing transcription factors, such as Twist and Snail (11, 12)....
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...In Met2, the CD44highESAlow cells also have greater expression for Twist, Snail, and Axl, perhaps suggesting that they have undergone a more complete EMT than the corresponding population in Met1....
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...1G) that the CD44highESAlow cells have greater expression of Vimentin, Twist, Snail, and Axl, all markers of EMT, and lower expression of the epithelial-specific genes E-cadherin, Calgranulin B, Involucrin, and Keratin 15....
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...In adult tissues, several stromal signals including TGF-b can induce EMT and lead to downregulation of epithelial products such as E-cadherin and upregulation of EMT-inducing transcription factors, such as Twist and Snail (11, 12)....
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