Capital-labor substitution and economic efficiency
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a method to improve the quality of the service provided by the service provider by using the information of the user's interaction with the provider and the provider.
Abstract: Обсуждаются следующие темы: чистая теория производства, функциональное распределение дохода, технический прогресс, источники международных конкурентных преимуществ. Анализируются эластичность замещения между трудом и капиталом в обрабатывающей промышленности; производственные функции различного типа.
Citations
More filters
01 Jan 2014
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors study the economical structure considering the environment, economic and social requirements in order to implement low-carbon development combining multi objective planning techniques, chance-constrained model under fuzzy random environment.
Abstract: With economic development and the change of economical structure, structural evolution of economical system is an inevitable trend especially in low-carbon environment. This paper study the economical structure considering the environment, economic and social requirements in order to implement low-carbon development combining multi objective planning techniques, chance-constrained model under fuzzy random environment. Then setting energy-saving, economic growth, and laborer’s employment as the goals. After comparing the simulation result of three different schemes, we conclude that the type of economical structure directly determine carbon dioxide emissions. It will significantly reduce the energy consumption and environmental pollution through adjusting the economic structure using our model. Finally, we proposed policy recommendations according to the situation based on the research results of our model.
1 citations
TL;DR: The theory of international trade emphasises that trade of an economy is determined by the factors arising from internal supply and external demand as mentioned in this paper, and the factors on the internal supply front constit...
Abstract: The theory of international trade emphasises that trade of an economy is determined by the factors arising from internal supply and external demand. The factors on the internal supply front constit...
1 citations
1 citations
TL;DR: Ajit Singh as mentioned in this paper was a lifelong friend and mentor of Manmohan Singh, who studied economics at Panjab University, Chandigarh, India, where Ajit's family moved to Indian Punjab where he studied economics.
Abstract: Shortly after Ajit Singh was born in Lahore in pre-Independence “British” India, his family moved to Indian Punjab where he studied economics, and encountered Manmohan Singh, to be his lifelong friend and mentor, at Panjab University, Chandigarh. Five major influences shaped his radical youthful imaginary: the uprightness and respect for justice and law imbibed from his father, a High Court judge; a deep affinity and loyalty towards the egalitarian values of the Sikh faith from his mother, a descendent of the third Sikh Guru; rigorous economics from his Cambridge-oriented teachers at university; an immersive emotional belonging to Punjab; an engagement with leftist thinking in the tumultuous political turmoil of the times; and a radical political commitment to the nationalist aspirations and development ambitions of a newly independent and resurgent India. The chapter covers the period from Ajit’s birth in 1940 till 1959, when he left for further studies in USA.
1 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the impact of various factors (forms of capital) on the formation of gross value added and gross output of the agricultural sector of Ukraine's economy under sustainable development using the modified Cobb-Douglas production function was assessed.
Abstract: The aim of the article is to assess the impact of various factors (forms of capital) on the formation of gross value added and gross output of the agricultural sector of Ukraine’s economy under sustainable development using the modified Cobb-Douglas production function. Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study consisted of the papers on economic growth, sustainable development and forecasting by scientists in classical and modern economics. A monographic method was used to cover the scientists’ views on the research issue. The parameters of the production function describing how variables (physical and human capital, pollutant emissions) act on gross value added and gross output of the agricultural sector of Ukraine were estimated on the basis of the modified Cobb-Douglas production function. Statistics for agriculture covering the period 2008–2018 were used for the assessment. The correlation and regression analysis was used to determine and verify the parameters of the production function. Equations of balance and construction of isoquants were used to foresight the optimal combinations of factors of the production function. Results. Using the Cobb-Douglas production function, econometric analysis with eco-socio-economic factors has shown that economic growth in agriculture is associated with improved quantitative and qualitative characteristics of labour potential, growing capital investment and reducing pollutant emissions. Estimation of the elasticity coefficients of the constructed Cobb-Douglas function (the sum exceeds 1) justifies that the economic development of agriculture mainly contains the features of a largescale economy: modern level of science and technology provides advantageous expanding production to increase output. Practical significance. The constructed models allow to forecast assessment of the development of the agricultural sector’s components and can be used to develop the basic directions of the state agricultural policy to manage the formation and use of resource potential. Value/originality. Modelling how the resource factors act on output using the method of construction and calculation of parameters of the production function allows to predict the sustainable development of agricultural production under quantitative and qualitative changes in the use of labour and capital, as well as environmental factors. Further research ensures obtaining a dynamic multi-factor model of sustainable development of the agricultural sector and determining the main mechanisms of influence on the levers of economic growth.
1 citations
Cites methods from "Capital-labor substitution and econ..."
...…A K K L L = min( ; ) 0 0 (5) For the classical Solow growth model that considers the influence of key production factors on output dynamics, Solow (1961), Barro (2010), and Lyashenko (2013) propose to use the Cobb-Douglas production function with the possibility and limitation of…...
[...]
References
More filters
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a method to improve the performance of the system by using the information of the user's interaction with the system and the system itself, including the interaction between the two parties.
Abstract: В статье производится анализ агрегированной производственной функции, вводится аппарат, позволяющий различать движение вдоль такой функции от ее сдвигов. На основании сделанных в статье предположений делаются выводы о характере технического прогресса и технологических изменений. Существенное внимание уделяется вариантам применения концепции агрегированной производственной функции.
10,850 citations
3,961 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1956TL;DR: In this paper, a very brief treatment of three questions relating to the history of our economic growth since the Civil War is given, namely: (1) How large has been the net increase of aggregate output per capita, and to what extent has this increase been obtained as a result of greater labor or capital input on the one hand and of a rise in productivity on the other? (2) Is there evidence of retardation, or conceivably acceleration, in the growth of per capita output? (3) Have there been fluctuations in the rate of growth of output, apart
Abstract: Introduction This paper is a very brief treatment of three questions relating to the history of our economic growth since the Civil War: (1) How large has been the net increase of aggregate output per capita, and to what extent has this increase been obtained as a result of greater labor or capital input on the one hand and of a rise in productivity on the other? (2) Is there evidence of retardation, or conceivably acceleration, in the growth of per capita output? (3) Have there been fluctuations in the rate of growth of output, apart from the shortterm fluctuations of business cycles, and, if so, what is the significance of these swings? The answers to these three questions, to the extent that they can be given, represent, of course, only a tiny fraction of the historical experience relevant to the problems of growth. Even so, anyone acquainted with their complexity will realize that no one of them, much less all three, can be treated satisfactorily in a short space. I shall have to pronounce upon them somewhat arbitrarily. My ability to deal with them at all is a reflection of one of the more important, though one of the less obvious, of the many aspects of our growing wealth, namely, the accumulation of historical statistics in this country during the last generation. For the most part, the figures which I present or which underlie my qualitative statements are taken directly from tables of estimates of national product, labor force, productivity, and the like compiled by others.
1,031 citations
903 citations