Cardiorespiratory and Immunologic Effects of Electronic Cigarettes.
Rachel J. Keith,Aruni Bhatnagar +1 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
The use of e-cigarettes by healthy adults has been shown to increase blood pressure, heart rate, and arterial stiffness, as well as resistance to air flow in lungs as discussed by the authors.Abstract:
Although e-cigarettes have become popular, especially among youth, the health effects associated with e-cigarette use remain unclear. This review discusses current evidence relating to the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and immunological effects of e-cigarettes. The use of e-cigarettes by healthy adults has been shown to increase blood pressure, heart rate, and arterial stiffness, as well as resistance to air flow in lungs. Inhalation of e-cigarette aerosol has been shown to elicit immune responses and increase the production of immunomodulatory cytokines in young tobacco-naive individuals. In animal models, long-term exposure to e-cigarettes leads to marked changes in lung architecture, dysregulation of immune genes, and low-grade inflammation. Exposure to e-cigarette aerosols in mice has been shown to induce DNA damage, inhibit DNA repair, and promote carcinogenesis. Chronic exposure to e-cigarettes has also been reported to result in the accumulation of lipid-laden macrophages in the lung and dysregulation of lipid metabolism and transport in mice. Although, the genotoxic and inflammatory effects of e-cigarettes are milder than those of combustible cigarettes, some of the cardiorespiratory effects of the two insults are comparable. The toxicity of e-cigarettes has been variably linked to nicotine, as well as other e-cigarette constituents, operating conditions, and use patterns. The use of e-cigarettes in humans is associated with significant adverse cardiorespiratory and immunological changes. Data from animal models and in vitro studies support the notion that long-term use of e-cigarettes may pose significant health risks.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
E-Cigarette Toxicology
TL;DR: In this article , the experimental and clinical evidence of e-cigarette toxicity and deleterious health effects is presented. But, the evolving e-cigarettes landscape continues to impede timely toxicological studies and hinder progress made toward our understanding of the long-term health consequence of E-cigarettes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association of Electronic Cigarette Use with Respiratory Symptom Development among U.S. Young Adults
TL;DR: In this article , binary logistic regression models with a generalized estimating equation were used to estimate time-varying and time-lagged associations of e-cigarette use during waves 2-4, with respiratory symptom development approximately 12 months later at waves 3-5.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tobacco product use and the risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19: current understanding and recommendations for future research
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors provide an overview of the findings of peer-reviewed, published studies relating tobacco product use to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 outcomes.
Journal ArticleDOI
E-cigarette use and adverse respiratory symptoms among adolescents and Young adults in the United States.
Benjamin W. Chaffee,Jessica L. Barrington-Trimis,Fei Liu,Ran Wu,Rob McConnell,Suchitra Krishnan-Sarin,Adam M. Leventhal,Grace Kong +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined whether such associations differ by primary type of e-cigarette device used and found that risk of these respiratory outcomes is elevated among more frequent E-cigarette users regardless of device type used.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Use of Psychoactive Substances in Germany-Findings From the Epidemiological Survey of Substance Abuse 2021.
TL;DR: The consumption of psychoactive substances continues to be widespread in Germany and in view of the imminent legal changes, the high prevalence of cannabis use and its problematic use need to be taken into consideration.
References
More filters
The Health consequences of smoking—50 years of progress : a report of the Surgeon General
TL;DR: The scientific evidence is incontrovertible: inhaling tobacco smoke, particularly from cigarettes, is deadly.
Journal ArticleDOI
Levels of selected carcinogens and toxicants in vapour from electronic cigarettes
Maciej L. Goniewicz,Maciej L. Goniewicz,Maciej L. Goniewicz,Jakub Knysak,Michal Gawron,Leon Kosmider,Andrzej Sobczak,Jolanta Kurek,Adam Prokopowicz,Magdalena Jabłońska-Czapla,Czesława Rosik-Dulewska,Christopher Havel,Peyton Jacob,Neal L. Benowitz +13 more
TL;DR: The findings of this study are consistent with the idea that substituting tobacco cigarettes with e-cigarettes may substantially reduce exposure to selected tobacco-specific toxicants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reduced heart rate variability and mortality risk in an elderly cohort. The Framingham Heart Study.
Hisako Tsuji,Ferdinand J. Venditti,Emily S. Manders,Jane C. Evans,Martin G. Larson,Charles L. Feldman,Daniel Levy +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the first 2 hours of ambulatory ECG recordings obtained on original subjects of the Framingham Heart Study attending the 18th biennial examination were reprocessed to assess heart rate variability.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lung cancer and cardiovascular disease mortality associated with ambient air pollution and cigarette smoke: shape of the exposure-response relationships
C. Arden Pope,Richard T. Burnett,Michelle C. Turner,Aaron Cohen,Daniel Krewski,Michael Jerrett,Susan M. Gapstur,Michael J. Thun +7 more
TL;DR: At low exposure levels, cardiovascular deaths are projected to account for most of the burden of disease, whereas at high levels of PM2.5, lung cancer becomes proportionately more important.
Journal ArticleDOI
Vitamin E Acetate in Bronchoalveolar-Lavage Fluid Associated with EVALI
Benjamin C. Blount,Mateusz P. Karwowski,Peter G. Shields,Maria Morel-Espinosa,Liza Valentin-Blasini,Michael G. Gardner,Martha E. Braselton,Christina R Brosius,Kevin T. Caron,David M. Chambers,Joseph Corstvet,Elizabeth A. Cowan,Víctor R. De Jesús,Paul Espinosa,Carolina Fernandez,Cory Holder,Zsuzsanna Kuklenyik,Jennifer D Kusovschi,Cody A. Newman,Gregory B. Reis,Jon Rees,Chris Reese,Lalith K. Silva,Tiffany H. Seyler,Min-Ae Song,Connie S. Sosnoff,Carleen R. Spitzer,Denise S. Tevis,Lanqing Wang,Cliff Watson,Mark D. Wewers,Baoyun Xia,Douglas T Heitkemper,Isaac Ghinai,Jennifer E. Layden,Peter A. Briss,Brian A. King,Lisa J. Delaney,Christopher M. Jones,Grant T. Baldwin,Anita Patel,Dana Meaney-Delman,Dale A. Rose,Vikram Krishnasamy,John R. Barr,Jerry D. Thomas,James L. Pirkle +46 more
TL;DR: Vitamin E acetate was associated with EVALI in a convenience sample of 51 patients in 16 states across the United States and was found in BAL fluid from the case patients or the comparator group.