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Journal ArticleDOI

Cellulose nanomaterial reinforced polymer nanocomposites

01 May 2017-Current Opinion in Colloid and Interface Science (Elsevier)-Vol. 29, Iss: 29, pp 1-8
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on cellulose materials as filler in polymer nanocomposites and their properties depend on the type of nanomaterial used, but the crucial point is the processing technique.
Abstract: Several forms of cellulose nanomaterials, notably cellulose nanocrystals and cellulose nanofibrils, exhibit attractive properties and are potentially useful for a large number of industrial applications. These include the paper and cardboard industry, use as reinforcing filler in polymer nanocomposites, basis for low-density foams, additive in adhesives and paints, as well as a wide variety of filtration, electronic, food, hygiene, cosmetic, and medical products. This entry focuses on cellulose materials as filler in polymer nanocomposites. The ensuing mechanical properties obviously depend on the type of nanomaterial used, but the crucial point is the processing technique. The emphasis is on the melt processing of such nanocomposite materials that has not yet been properly resolved and remains a challenge.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Nanocelluloses are natural materials with at least one dimension in the nano-scale as discussed by the authors, which combine important cellulose properties with the features of nanomaterials and open new horizons for materials science and its applications.

567 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this review, recent advances in the preparation, modification, and emerging application of nanocellulose, especially cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), are described and discussed based on the analysis of the latest investigations.
Abstract: Over the past few years, nanocellulose (NC), cellulose in the form of nanostructures, has been proved to be one of the most prominent green materials of modern times. NC materials have gained growing interests owing to their attractive and excellent characteristics such as abundance, high aspect ratio, better mechanical properties, renewability, and biocompatibility. The abundant hydroxyl functional groups allow a wide range of functionalizations via chemical reactions, leading to developing various materials with tunable features. In this review, recent advances in the preparation, modification, and emerging application of nanocellulose, especially cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), are described and discussed based on the analysis of the latest investigations (particularly for the reports of the past 3 years). We start with a concise background of cellulose, its structural organization as well as the nomenclature of cellulose nanomaterials for beginners in this field. Then, different experimental procedures for the production of nanocelluloses, their properties, and functionalization approaches were elaborated. Furthermore, a number of recent and emerging uses of nanocellulose in nanocomposites, Pickering emulsifiers, wood adhesives, wastewater treatment, as well as in new evolving biomedical applications are presented. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of NC-based emerging materials are discussed.

461 citations


Cites methods from "Cellulose nanomaterial reinforced p..."

  • ...A draft version standard, TAPPI WI 3021: Standard Terms and Their Definition for cellulose Nanomaterials, has been established (Dufresne, 2017; Kargarzadeh et al., 2018b)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
21 Sep 2017-Polymer
TL;DR: The development of nanocellulose composites and materials has attracted significant interest in recent decades because they show unique and potentially useful features, including abundance, renewability, high strength and stiffness, eco-friendliness, and low weight as mentioned in this paper.

430 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the preparation and properties of polylactic acid (PLA) polymer blends have been summarized and compared to those of traditional petrochemical-based polymers, such as polypropylene, polyamide, and polyamide.

350 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Nanocellulose has generated a great deal of interest as a source of nanometer-sized reinforcement, because of its good mechanical properties as discussed by the authors and its various preparation techniques.

301 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This critical review provides a processing-structure-property perspective on recent advances in cellulose nanoparticles and composites produced from them, and summarizes cellulOSE nanoparticles in terms of particle morphology, crystal structure, and properties.
Abstract: This critical review provides a processing-structure-property perspective on recent advances in cellulose nanoparticles and composites produced from them. It summarizes cellulose nanoparticles in terms of particle morphology, crystal structure, and properties. Also described are the self-assembly and rheological properties of cellulose nanoparticle suspensions. The methodology of composite processing and resulting properties are fully covered, with an emphasis on neat and high fraction cellulose composites. Additionally, advances in predictive modeling from molecular dynamic simulations of crystalline cellulose to the continuum modeling of composites made with such particles are reviewed (392 references).

4,920 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An overview of recent progress in the area of cellulose nanofibre-based nanocomposites is given in this article, with particular emphasis on applications, such as reinforced adhesives, to make optically transparent paper for electronic displays, to create DNA-hybrid materials, to generate hierarchical composites and for use in foams, aerogels and starch nanocom composites.
Abstract: This paper provides an overview of recent progress made in the area of cellulose nanofibre-based nanocomposites. An introduction into the methods used to isolate cellulose nanofibres (nanowhiskers, nanofibrils) is given, with details of their structure. Following this, the article is split into sections dealing with processing and characterisation of cellulose nanocomposites and new developments in the area, with particular emphasis on applications. The types of cellulose nanofibres covered are those extracted from plants by acid hydrolysis (nanowhiskers), mechanical treatment and those that occur naturally (tunicate nanowhiskers) or under culturing conditions (bacterial cellulose nanofibrils). Research highlighted in the article are the use of cellulose nanowhiskers for shape memory nanocomposites, analysis of the interfacial properties of cellulose nanowhisker and nanofibril-based composites using Raman spectroscopy, switchable interfaces that mimic sea cucumbers, polymerisation from the surface of cellulose nanowhiskers by atom transfer radical polymerisation and ring opening polymerisation, and methods to analyse the dispersion of nanowhiskers. The applications and new advances covered in this review are the use of cellulose nanofibres to reinforce adhesives, to make optically transparent paper for electronic displays, to create DNA-hybrid materials, to generate hierarchical composites and for use in foams, aerogels and starch nanocomposites and the use of all-cellulose nanocomposites for enhanced coupling between matrix and fibre. A comprehensive coverage of the literature is given and some suggestions on where the field is likely to advance in the future are discussed.

2,214 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: There are numerous examples where animals or plants synthesize extracellular high-performance skeletal biocomposites consisting of a matrix reinforced by fibrous biopolymers, which occur as whisker-like microfibrils that are biosynthesized and deposited in a continuous fashion.

2,114 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the hierarchical structure of cellulose is exploited to extract nanoparticles from this naturally occurring polymer, which can be used for the processing of polymer nanocomposites.

1,211 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It was proved that the chemical treatment clearly improves the ultimate properties of the nanocomposites and significant differences were reported according to the nature of the nanoparticle and amount of nanofillers used as reinforcement.

761 citations