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Cent Mille Milliards de poèmes
01 Jan 1961-
About: The article was published on 1961-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 106 citations till now.
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TL;DR: Dynamic combinatorial chemistry is a recently introduced supramolecular approach that uses self-assembly processes to generate libraries of chemical compounds that are capable, in principle, of accelerating the identification of lead compounds for drug discovery.
Abstract: Dynamic combinatorial chemistry is a recently introduced supramolecular approach that uses self-assembly processes to generate libraries of chemical compounds. In contrast to the stepwise methodology of classical combinatorial techniques, dynamic combinatorial chemistry allows for the generation of libraries based on the continuous interconversion between the library constituents. Spontaneous assembly of the building blocks through reversible chemical reactions virtually encompasses all possible combinations, and allows the establishment of adaptive processes owing to the dynamic interchange of the library constituents. Addition of the target ligand or receptor creates a driving force that favours the formation of the best-binding constituent--a self-screening process that is capable, in principle, of accelerating the identification of lead compounds for drug discovery.
434 citations
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01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: In Unit Operations, Ian Bogost argues that similar principles underlie both literary theory and computation, proposing a literary-technical theory that can be used to analyze particular videogames and argues for the possibility of real collaboration between the humanities and information technology.
Abstract: In Unit Operations, Ian Bogost argues that similar principles underlie both literary theory and computation, proposing a literary-technical theory that can be used to analyze particular videogames. Moreover, this approach can be applied beyond videogames: Bogost suggests that any medium -- from videogames to poetry, literature, cinema, or art -- can be read as a configurative system of discrete, interlocking units of meaning, and he illustrates this method of analysis with examples from all these fields. The marriage of literary theory and information technology, he argues, will help humanists take technology more seriously and hep technologists better understand software and videogames as cultural artifacts. This approach is especially useful for the comparative analysis of digital and nondigital artifacts and allows scholars from other fields who are interested in studying videogames to avoid the esoteric isolation of "game studies." The richness of Bogost's comparative approach can be seen in his discussions of works by such philosophers and theorists as Plato, Badiou, Zizek, and McLuhan, and in his analysis of numerous videogames including Pong, Half-Life, and Star Wars Galaxies. Bogost draws on object technology and complex adaptive systems theory for his method of unit analysis, underscoring the configurative aspects of a wide variety of human processes. His extended analysis of freedom in large virtual spaces examines Grand Theft Auto 3, The Legend of Zelda, Flaubert's Madame Bovary, and Joyce's Ulysses. In Unit Operations, Bogost not only offers a new methodology for videogame criticism but argues for the possibility of real collaboration between the humanities and information technology.
413 citations
TL;DR: This article reconceptualized materiality as the interplay between a text's physical characteris- tics and its signifying strategies, a move that entwines instantiation and signification at the outset.
Abstract: Lulled into somnolence by five hundred years of print, literary analysis should awaken to the importance of media-specific analysis, a mode of critical atten- tion which recognizes that all texts are instantiated and that the nature of the medium in which they are instantiated matters. Central to repositioning critical inquiry, so it can attend to the specificity of the medium, is a more robust notion of materiality. Materiality is reconceptualized as the interplay between a text's physical characteris- tics and its signifying strategies, a move that entwines instantiation and signification at the outset. This definition opens the possibility of considering texts as embodied entities while still maintaining a central focus on interpretation. It makes materiality an emergent property, so that it cannot be specified in advance, as if it were a pre- given entity. Rather, materiality is open to debate and interpretation, ensuring that discussions about the text's ''meaning'' will also take into account its physical speci- ficity as well.
287 citations
01 Jan 2012
TL;DR: It is argued that this is the first poetry system which generates examples, forms concepts, invents aesthetics and frames its work, and so can be assessed favourably with respect to the FACE model for comparing creative systems.
Abstract: We describe a corpus-based poetry generation system which uses templates to construct poems according to given constraints on rhyme, meter, stress, sentiment, word frequency and word similarity. Moreover, the software constructs a mood for the day by analysing newspaper articles; uses this to determine both an article to base a poem on and a template for the poem; creates an aesthetic based on relevance to the article, lyricism, sentiment and flamboyancy; searches for an instantiation of the template which maximises the aesthetic; and provides a commentary for the whole process to add value to the creative act. We describe the processes behind this approach, present some experimental results which helped infine tuning, and provide some illustrative poems and commentaries. We argue that this is the first poetry system which generates examples, forms concepts, invents aesthetics and frames its work, and so can be assessed favourably with respect to the FACE model for comparing creative systems.
162 citations
Cites background from "Cent Mille Milliards de poèmes"
...Such constrained poetry generation follows on from the OULIPO movement, who inaugurated the poetics of the mathematical sublime with Cent mille milliards de poèmes (Queneau 1961), an aesthetic expressed today in digital poems like Sea and Spar Between (Montfort and Strickland 2010)....
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...Such constrained poetry generation follows on from the OULIPO movement, who inaugurated the poetics of the mathematical sublime with Cent mille milliards de poèmes (Queneau 1961), an aesthetic expressed today in digital poems like Sea and Spar Between (Montfort and Strickland 2010)....
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Book•
28 May 2015TL;DR: A relational pedagogy based on ancient writing in Mesopotamia and its connections to modern language and literacy education is presented.
Abstract: Introduction Part I. Designing Meaning: 1. Communication by design 2. Material resources: the medium matters 3. Social ecologies 4. The individual and design Part II. Interactions of the Material, the Social, and the Individual: 5. Ancient writing in Mesopotamia 6. Paper and print 7. Writing redesigned: electronically mediated discourse 8. Multimodal discourse Part III. Educational Implications: 9. Principles and goals in language and literacy education 10. Toward a relational pedagogy.
71 citations