Journal Article•
Cerebral Dominance and Its Relation To Psychological Function
TL;DR: It is true that a few cases of this disease are seen from time to time in Australia; but the patients have been immigrants infected in their country of Orkney in the Mediterranean area.
Abstract: This little book is a review of and contribution to the subject of language and its relationship to cerebral dominance In general it emphasizes that in right-handed people language function is nearly regularly and fairly strictly localized to the left hemisphere In left-handed and clearly ambidextrous people there is still a tendency for language to be localized in the left hemisphere, but its localization is not as complete, and various language functions may escape in injury to one hemisphere Recovery tends to be more complete following acute lesions of the left hemisphere in predominantly left-handed individuals
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TL;DR: An inventory of 20 items with a set of instructions and response- and computational-conventions is proposed and the results obtained from a young adult population numbering some 1100 individuals are reported.
33,268 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that the direction in which people look while thinking reflects the lateralization of the underlying cerebral activity.
Abstract: When solving verbal problems, right-handed people usually turn head and eyes to the right, whereas with numerical and spatial problems, these people look up and left. Left-handed people differ in all these respects. The results suggest that the direction in which people look while thinking reflects the lateralization of the underlying cerebral activity.
442 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: It is suggested that right-handedness and leftcerebral dominance for language are manifestations of an underlying gradient which is probably coded in the cytoplasm rather than in the genes.
384 citations
Cites background from "Cerebral Dominance and Its Relation..."
...The evidence suggests that cerebral lateralization for the control of speech is a "graded characteristic, varying in scope and completeness from individual to individual (Zangwill, 1960, p. 27)....
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...For instance, it is known that left-handers generally have a more bilateral representation of language than do righthanders (Zangwill, 1960) and are thus less susceptible to aphasia following unilateral brain lesions sustained in adulthood (Hecaen & Sauguet, 1971)....
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TL;DR: Continuing survival over seven months after left hemispherectomy in the case described below provided an opportunity to study the capacity of the minor hemisphere to maintain or acquire speech and other non-language cerebral functions.
Abstract: The development of hemispherectomy for glioma (mostly in adults) by Dandy (1928) and later for infantile hemiplegia by Krynauw (1950) permitted comparisons of effects of removal of either hemisphere on both the adult and young brain. Reviews of over 300 cases of hemispherectomy (e.g., White, 1961; McFie, 1961) reflect the 'functional plasticity' of the young brain. Continuing development of higher and lower level cerebral functions after right or left hemispherectomy in children with gliomas as well as infantile hemiplegia has been reported by most writers. A 10-year-old left-handed girl (Gardner Karnosh, McClure, and Gardner, 1955) and a 14year-old right-handed boy (Hillier, 1954) were reported living 53 and 27 months respectively with functional speech after left hemispherectomy for glioma. Obrador (1964) described transfer of language to the 'non-dominant' hemisphere as the rule up to the age of 15. However, there is general agreement that in the adult this plasticity is largely lost and that dominant hemispherectomy is to be discouraged. Right hemispherectomy in the adult for glioma has been much more frequently reported. This is followed by the expected severe left hemiplegia and hemianopia but ability to walk was often acquired, and some patients developed useful movement of the left arm. The greater reluctancetoremovethe lefthemisphere in adults reflects widespread beliefs that the integrity of various dominant hemisphere structures is necesary for many functions including receptive and expressive language (oral and written), 'higher' mental functions (Smith, 1966), control of right and left-sided purposeful movements (Liepmann, 1905), arithmetical reasoning, and discrimination of colours (Hecaen and Ajuriaguerra, 1964). Numerous cases with left-sided focal lesions have been cited to support these beliefs. Continuing survival over seven months after left hemispherectomy in the case described below provided an opportunity to study the capacity of the minor hemisphere to maintain or acquire speech and other non-language cerebral functions. CASE REPORT
279 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1975TL;DR: The findings indicate the importance of assessing oral syntax in the evaluation and diagnosis of children with reading difficulties and the dyslexic children were significantly deficient in oral syntax.
Abstract: Syntactic abilities in oral language of 20 normal and 20 dyslexic second graders were assessed. Group membership was determined on the basis of performance on two silent reading comprehension tests. Nine measures were used to assess syntactic abilities; none required reading or writing. The dyslectics were found to be different from the normal children at a high level of significance on seven of the nine measures, all favoring the normals. The dyslexic children were significantly deficient in oral syntax. The findings indicate the importance of assessing oral syntax in the evaluation and diagnosis of children with reading difficulties.
220 citations
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