Change in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in response to exposure to all-night noise and transient noise.
TL;DR: It is concluded that a silent environment is required to maintain the duration of rapid-eye-movement sleep, even though rapid- Eye-Movement sleep is stable and is not influenced easily by noise.
Abstract: Several experiments conducted by the authors revealed certain characteristic changes in stage rapid-eye-movement sleep in response to noise exposure. Continuous and all-night exposure to noise first decreased the percentage of rapid-eye-movement stage at Leg 45dBA. In contrast, the threshold of shifts from the rapid-eye-movement stage in response to intermittent noise was higher than thresholds noted for slow-wave sleep or stage-2 sleep. We concluded that these results indicated that a silent environment is required to maintain the duration of rapid-eye-movement sleep, even though rapid-eye-movement sleep is stable and is not influenced easily by noise.
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TL;DR: In this paper , a systematic review of published studies on the extra-auditory effects of noise exposure is presented. But, only a few studies have focused on the auditory effects of exposure to occupational or environmental noise.
Abstract: Noise is a common harmful factor in our work and the environment. Most studies have investigated the auditory effects of noise exposure; however, few studies have focused on the extra‐auditory effects of exposure to occupational or environmental noise. This study aimed to systematically review published studies on the extra‐auditory effects of noise exposure. We reviewed literature from PubMed and Google Scholar databases up to July 2022, using the Patient, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome criteria and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines to identify studies that reported extra‐auditory effects of occupational or environmental noise exposure. Studies were evaluated utilizing validated reporting tools (CONSORT, STROBE) appropriate to study design. A total of 263 articles were identified, of which 36 were finally selected and reviewed. Upon conducting a review of the articles, exposure to noise can elicit a variety of extra‐auditory effects on humans. These effects include circulatory effects linked to higher risk of cardiovascular disease and decreased endothelial function, nervous system effects correlated with sleep disturbance, cognitive impairment, and mental health problems, immunological and endocrinal effects connected to increased physiological stress response and metabolic disorders, oncological and respiratory effects associated with an elevated risk of acoustic neuroma and respiratory disorders, gastrointestinal effects linked to an increased risk of gastric or duodenal ulcer, and obstetric effects connected to the risk of preterm birth. Our review suggests that there are numerous extra‐auditory effects of noise exposure on human, and further investigations are needed to fully understand these effects.
TL;DR: In this article , a systematic review of published studies on the extra-auditory effects of noise exposure was conducted, with a total of 263 articles identified, of which 36 were finally selected and reviewed.
Abstract: Noise is a common harmful factor in our work and the environment. Most studies have investigated the auditory effects of noise exposure; however, few studies have focused on the extra-auditory effects of exposure to occupational or environmental noise. This study aimed to systematically review published studies on the extra-auditory effects of noise exposure. We reviewed literature from PubMed and Google Scholar databases up to July 2022, using the Patient, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome criteria and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines to identify studies that reported extra-auditory effects of occupational or environmental noise exposure. Studies were evaluated utilizing validated reporting tools (CONSORT, STROBE) appropriate to study design. A total of 263 articles were identified, of which 36 were finally selected and reviewed. Upon conducting a review of the articles, exposure to noise can elicit a variety of extra-auditory effects on humans. These effects include circulatory effects linked to higher risk of cardiovascular disease and decreased endothelial function, nervous system effects correlated with sleep disturbance, cognitive impairment, and mental health problems, immunological and endocrinal effects connected to increased physiological stress response and metabolic disorders, oncological and respiratory effects associated with an elevated risk of acoustic neuroma and respiratory disorders, gastrointestinal effects linked to an increased risk of gastric or duodenal ulcer, and obstetric effects connected to the risk of preterm birth. Our review suggests that there are numerous extra-auditory effects of noise exposure on human, and further investigations are needed to fully understand these effects.
01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: Results demonstrated a decrease in sleep disturbance with initiation of the Quiet Time, but no significant change in sleep effectiveness and supplementation.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to observe patients' quality of sleep on a cardiothoracic step-down unit before and after institution of an "undisturbed quiet time" policy from eleven o'clock in the evening until five in the morning. It was hypothesized that these patients have improved sleep quality after institution of the Quiet Time protocol. The comparative group, quasi-experimental study utilized the Verran and Snyder-Halpern Sleep Scale and Factors Influencing Sleep Questionnaire to measure sleep disturbance, effectiveness, and supplementation. Results demonstrated a decrease in sleep disturbance with initiation of the Quiet Time, but no significant change in sleep effectiveness and supplementation. Factors most disturbing to sleep included pain and discomfort, bed and ventilation system, procedures performed upon the patient, interruptions, and talking. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The completion of this manuscript represents the collective encouragement, prayers, and guidance of many people. Most of all, I wish to thank my God for His blessing and leading throughout this project. Thanks to Dr. Holly Gadd for chairing my thesis committee. She has been an unwavering confidence-booster; just knowing that someone believes in you gives the extra strength to keep plodding. Dr. Barbara James has also offered encouragement. Late nights in the nursing building were made easier by knowing that she was still working in her office too. Also thanks to Christine Moniyung for being on my thesis committee. As the developer of "Quiet Time," Laural Rhyne spent many hours putting the new protocol through hospital committees. Once the official paperwork and education were completed, she continued to offer encouragement and suggestions. Her infectious cheerfulness and vast knowledge of cardiothoracic surgery added spark and depth to the project. I wish to thank my family and friends for their untiring prayers and support. Special thanks to my dear roommates for cheerfully living with a sleep-deprived girl, doing extra housework when my schedule was crammed too full, and for always making me laugh no matter how high the stress. The staff at Memorial Hospital was very helpful throughout the study. The nurses on the cardiothoracic step-down unit are such a special group-I will miss you each! Specifically, Sue Mathews and Tammy Jamar helped coordinate the institution of Quiet Time. I also wish to thank the physicians and nurses at Alliance of Cardiac, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgeons for their willingness to participate in the piloting of Quiet Time.
Cites background from "Change in rapid eye movement (REM) ..."
...Kawada and Suzuki (1999) found that constant noise of 45 decibels significantly decreased REM sleep, increased stage 2, and decreased subjective measures of sleep quality....
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References
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TL;DR: The clinimetric and clinical properties of the PSQI suggest its utility both in psychiatric clinical practice and research activities.
Abstract: Despite the prevalence of sleep complaints among psychiatric patients, few questionnaires have been specifically designed to measure sleep quality in clinical populations. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is a self-rated questionnaire which assesses sleep quality and disturbances over a 1-month time interval. Nineteen individual items generate seven "component" scores: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction. The sum of scores for these seven components yields one global score. Clinical and clinimetric properties of the PSQI were assessed over an 18-month period with "good" sleepers (healthy subjects, n = 52) and "poor" sleepers (depressed patients, n = 54; sleep-disorder patients, n = 62). Acceptable measures of internal homogeneity, consistency (test-retest reliability), and validity were obtained. A global PSQI score greater than 5 yielded a diagnostic sensitivity of 89.6% and specificity of 86.5% (kappa = 0.75, p less than 0.001) in distinguishing good and poor sleepers. The clinimetric and clinical properties of the PSQI suggest its utility both in psychiatric clinical practice and research activities.
23,155 citations
01 Jan 1968
3,002 citations
01 Jan 1968
2,439 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The concept of auditory retraining as part of the habituation process, and interaction with the prefrontal cortex and limbic system is presented as a central model which emphasizes the importance of the emotional significance and meaning of tinnitus.
Abstract: A model is proposed for tinnitus and sensorineural hearing loss involving cochlear pathology. As tinnitus is defined as a cortical perception of sound in the absence of an appropriate external stimulus it must result from a generator in the auditory system which undergoes extensive auditory processing before it is perceived. The concept of spatial nonlinearity in the cochlea is presented as a cause of tinnitus generation controlled by the efferents. Various clinical presentations of tinnitus and the way in which they respond to changes in the environment are discussed with respect to this control mechanism. The concept of auditory retraining as part of the habituation process, and interaction with the prefrontal cortex and limbic system is presented as a central model which emphasizes the importance of the emotional significance and meaning of tinnitus.
140 citations