Changes in the functional properties of a sandy loam soil amended with biosolids at different application rates
TL;DR: In this article, the impact of the application rate of biosolids from municipal sewage sludge on soil functionality was studied, where the products were applied at increasing doses, 50 (1/1/v/v), 150 (3/3/v)/v), and 300 (6/6/v) on a sandy loam soil.
About: This article is published in Geoderma.The article was published on 2014-06-01. It has received 28 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Soil conditioner & Biosolids.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the changes in structure and functioning of the microbial community in a degraded agricultural soil after the addition of two composts, obtained from cattle manure or pig slurry anaerobic digestate, and the use of rosemary plants for restoring soil quality.
62 citations
Cites background from "Changes in the functional propertie..."
...Studies on microbial biomass carbon and enzyme activities provide information on the biochemical processes occurring in soil and there is evidence that soil biological parameters are early and particularly accurate indicators of soil ecological stress and restoration of soil treated with organic amendments (Sciubba et al., 2014)....
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...In this experiment, the authors did not find significant differences between DGGE profiles in the control and treated soils and, thus, they affirmed that the method used was not sufficiently accurate to detect small variations in community composition, especially in stable and active populations characterized by high species diversity such as those in soil (Neilson et al., 2013; Sciubba et al., 2014)....
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TL;DR: A process control method is suggested to regulate the distribution of P fractions during composting based on the relationship between the key PSB and P fractions as well as environmental parameters.
60 citations
Cites result from "Changes in the functional propertie..."
...Therefore, the PSB community structure in soil amended with composts may be similar to the same soil although the population of bacteria varied, as the results of Sciubba et al. (2014) and García-Jaramillo et al. (2016)....
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TL;DR: The literature review has been divided into the following sections: biosolids characteristics, quality and measurement including microconstituents and pathogens, disposal and reuse, and energy issues.
Abstract: The advancements in the field of sludge and biosolids have been made over the past year. This review outlines the major contributions of researchers that have been published in peer-reviewed journals and conference proceedings throughout 2018. The review is organized in sections including regulatory developments and market analysis; analysis and quantification of characteristics including microconstituents and metals; treatment advances for the conversion of sludge to biosolids including pretreatment and sludge minimization, conditioning and dewatering, digestion, composting, and innovative technologies; product development and reuse including adsorbents and thermal products, agricultural and other uses, and innovative uses; odor and air emissions; and energy factors. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Summary of advances in the field of residuals and biosolids research in 2018. This review outlines the major contributions of researchers that have been published in peer-reviewed journals and conference proceedings. Topics covered range from regulation to innovation.
50 citations
Cites background from "Changes in the functional propertie..."
...Sevilla-Perea et al. (2014) conducted a series of laboratory incubation experiments to quantify the release of N and P from raw (dried) and co-composted urban sewage sludges applied to mine dump soil....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of green manure, crop sequence and off-farm composts on selected soil quality parameters were assessed in a three-year organic potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) rotation in Eastern Canada.
Abstract: The effects of green manure, crop sequence and off-farm composts on selected soil quality parameters were assessed in a three-year organic potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) rotation in Eastern Canada. Three crop sequences varying in preceding green manure [red clover (RCl) + RCl, and beans/buckwheat or carrots + oats/peas/vetch mixture (OPV)] as main plots and four fertility treatments applied in the potato phase only [control; inorganic fertilizer; municipal solid waste compost (MSW); composted paper mill biosolid (PMB)] as subplots were compared. In 2008 and 2010, changes in selected soil quality parameters (0–15 cm) were assessed prior to planting of potatoes and at potato tuber initiation stage. Potentially mineralizable nitrogen (N) and the acid phosphatase enzyme activity average values across years were greater following RCl (1.51 abs and 622 kg ha−1) compared with OPV (1.32 abs and 414 kg ha−1) at potato planting. Soil NO3–N average value was greater following RCl compared with OPV (63 vs. 52 kg ha−1) at tuber initiation. For the other measured parameters, OPV and RCl were similar. The soil organic carbon (C) and particulate organic matter-C were greater under PMB and MSW (31.1 and 7.57 kg ha−1) compared with fertilizer treatment (27.9 and 6.05 kg ha−1). The microbial biomass C and microbial biomass quotient were greater under MSW (216 kg ha−1 and 0.73 %) than PMB and fertilizer (147 kg ha−1 and 0.50 %) across crop rotations. Annual legume green manures and off-farm composts can be used to satisfy potato N requirement and maintains soil quality in organic potato rotations.
36 citations
Cites background from "Changes in the functional propertie..."
...These materials improve the physical, chemical, and biological soil properties, buildup SOM, and provide essential major crop nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S) (Brauer and Aiken 2006; Sciubba et al. 2014)....
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TL;DR: Compost addition improved the soil organic carbon content, increased the pH and the electrical conductivity and enhanced enzyme activities and soil respiration, more for CSO than for CS, and plant growth was generally enhanced, but not proportionally to the dose.
31 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of fumigation on organic C extractable by 0.5 m K2SO4 were examined in a contrasting range of soils and it was shown that both ATP and organic C rendered decomposable by CHCl3 came from the soil microbial biomass.
Abstract: The effects of fumigation on organic C extractable by 0.5 M K2SO4 were examined in a contrasting range of soils. EC (the difference between organic C extracted by 0.5 M K2SO4 from fumigated and non-fumigated soil) was about 70% of FC (the flush of CO2-C caused by fumigation during a 10 day incubation), meaned for ten soils. There was a close relationship between microbial biomass C, measured by fumigation-incubation (from the relationship Biomass C = FC/0.45) and EC given by the equation: Biomass C = (2.64 ± 0.060) EC that accounted for 99.2% of the variance in the data. This relationship held over a wide range of soil pH (3.9–8.0).
ATP and microbial biomass N concentrations were measured in four of the soils. The (ATP)(EC) ratios were very similar in the four soils, suggesting that both ATP and the organic C rendered decomposable by CHCl3 came from the soil microbial biomass. The C:N ratio of the biomass in a strongly acid (pH 4.2) soil was greater (9.4) than in the three less-acid soils (mean C:N ratio 5.1).
We propose that the organic C rendered extractable to 0.5 m K2SO4 after a 24 h CHCl3-fumigation (EC) comes from the cells of the microbial biomass and can be used to estimate soil microbial biomass C in both neutral and acid soils.
9,975 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1984
TL;DR: The Biosphere The Anthroposphere Soils and Soil Processes Weathering Processes Pedogenic Processes Soil Constituents Trace Elements Minerals Organic Matter Organisms in Soils Trace Elements in Plants.
Abstract: Chapter 1 The Biosphere Chapter 2 The Anthroposphere Introduction Air Pollution Water Pollution Soil Plants Chapter 3 Soils and Soil Processes Introduction Weathering Processes Pedogenic Processes Chapter 4 Soil Constituents Introduction Trace Elements Minerals Organic Matter Organisms in Soils Chapter 5 Trace Elements in Plants Introduction Absorption Translocation Availability Essentiality and Deficiency Toxicity and Tolerance Speciation Interaction Chapter 6 Elements of Group 1 (Previously Group Ia) Introduction Lithium Rubidium Cesium Chapter 7 Elements of Group 2 (Previously Group IIa) Beryllium Strontium Barium Radium Chapter 8 Elements of Group 3 (Previously Group IIIb) Scandium Yttrium Lanthanides Actinides Chapter 9 Elements of Group 4 (Previously Group IVb) Titanium Zirconium Hafnium Chapter 10 Elements of Group 5 (Previously Group Vb) Vanadium Niobium Tantalum Chapter 11 Elements of Group 6 (Previously Group VIb) Chromium Molybdenum Tungsten Chapter 12 Elements of Group 7 (Previously Group VIIb) Manganese Technetium Rhenium Chapter 13 Elements of Group 8 (Previously Part of Group VIII) Iron Ruthenium Osmium Chapter 14 Elements of Group 9 (Previously Part of Group VIII) Cobalt Rhodium Iridium Chapter 15 Elements of Group 10 (Previously Part of Group VIII) Nickel Palladium Platinum Chapter 16 Elements of Group 11 (Previously Group Ib) Copper Silver Gold Chapter 17 Trace Elements of Group 12 (Previously of Group IIb) Zinc Cadmium Mercury Chapter 18 Elements of Group 13 (Previously Group IIIa) Boron Aluminum Gallium Indium Thallium Chapter 19 Elements of Group I4 (Previously Group IVa) Silicon Germanium Tin Lead Chapter 20 Elements of Group 15 (Previously Group Va) Arsenic Antimony Bismuth Chapter 21 Elements of Group 16 (Previously Group VIa) Selenium Tellurium Polonium Chapter 22 Elements of Group 17 (Previously Group VIIa) Fluorine Chlorine Bromine Iodine
9,739 citations
TL;DR: Phylogenetic analysis of the retrieved rRNA sequence of an uncultured microorganism reveals its closest culturable relatives and may, together with information on the physicochemical conditions of its natural habitat, facilitate more directed cultivation attempts.
9,017 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1966
TL;DR: The Soils Around Us 2 Formation of Soils from Parent Materials 3 Soil Classification 4 Soil Architecture and Physical Properties 5 Soil Water: Characteristics and Behavior 6 Soil and the Hydrologic Cycle 7 Soil Aeration and Temperature 8 Soil Colloids: Seat of Soil Chemical and Physical Activity 9 Soil Acidity 10 Soils of Dry Regions: Alkalinity, Salinity, and Sodicity 11 Organisms and Ecology of the Soil 12 Soil Organic Matter 13 Nitrogen and Sulfur Economy of Soiles 14 Soil Ph
Abstract: 1 The Soils Around Us 2 Formation of Soils from Parent Materials 3 Soil Classification 4 Soil Architecture and Physical Properties 5 Soil Water: Characteristics and Behavior 6 Soil and the Hydrologic Cycle 7 Soil Aeration and Temperature 8 Soil Colloids: Seat of Soil Chemical and Physical Activity 9 Soil Acidity 10 Soils of Dry Regions: Alkalinity, Salinity, and Sodicity 11 Organisms and Ecology of the Soil 12 Soil Organic Matter 13 Nitrogen and Sulfur Economy of Soils 14 Soil Phosphorus and Potassium 15 Micronutrients and Other Trace Elements 16 Practical Nutrient Management 17 Soil Erosion and Its Control 18 Soils and Chemical Pollution 19 Geographic Soils Information 20 Prospects for Global Soil Quality Appendix A Soil Classification: World Resource Base Autralian and Canadian Systems Appendix B SI Units, Conversion Factors, Periodic Table of the Elements and Scentific Names of Plants Mentioned Glossary Index
6,267 citations
Book•
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: The nature and properties of soils are studied to establish an understanding of the phytochemical properties of soil and how these properties change over time.
Abstract: The soils around us -- Formation of soils from parent materials -- Soil classification -- Soil architecture and physical properties -- Soil water: characteristics and behavior -- Soil and the hydrologic cycle -- Soil aeration and temperature -- Soil colloids: seat of soil chemical and physical activity -- Soil acidity -- Soils of dry regions: alkalinity, salinity, and sodicity -- Organisms and ecology of the soil -- Soil organic matter -- Nitrogen and sulfur economy of soils -- Soil phosphorus and potassium -- Calcium, Magnesium and trace elements -- Practical nutrient management -- Soil erosion and its control -- Soils and chemical pollution -- Geographic soils information -- Prospects for global soil quality as affected by human acitvities.
5,669 citations