Chapter 5 - The Halides of Molybdenum
About: This article is published in Studies in Inorganic Chemistry.The article was published on 1994-01-01. It has received 2 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Molybdenum & Halide.
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21 May 2020
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a survey of the Molybdenum chemistry and its application in various areas of industry, such as mining, automotive, agriculture, and economic aspects.
Abstract: The article contains sections titled:
1. Introduction
2. Properties
3. Occurrence
3.1. Minerals
3.2. Deposits
4. Production
4.1. Concentration
4.2. Processing of Concentrate
4.3. Recovery from Spent Petroleum Catalysts
4.4. Recovery during Production of Tungsten Ores
4.5. Production of Molybdenum Metal Powder
4.6. Production of Compact Molybdenum Metal
4.7. Processing of Molybdenum
4.8. Molybdenum-Base Alloys
5. Uses
6. Production of Ferromolybdenum
6.1. Ferromolybdenum Grades
6.2. Raw Materials
6.3. Submerged Arc Furnace Carbothermic Reduction
6.4. Metallothermic Reduction
7. Molybdenum Compounds
7.1. Overview of Molybdenum Chemistry
7.2. Molybdenum Oxides
7.3. Molybdenum Chalcogenides
7.4. Molybdenum Halides
7.5. Molybdates, Isopolymolybdates, and Heteropolymolybdates
7.6. Other Molybdenum Compounds
8. Uses of Molybdenum Compounds
8.1. Catalysis
8.2. Lubrication
8.3. Corrosion Inhibition
8.4. Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression
8.5. Pigments
8.6. Agriculture
9. Analysis
10. Economic Aspects
11. Environmental Aspects
12. Toxicology and Occupational Health
35 citations
10 Oct 2017
TL;DR: In this paper, the basic properties of molybdenum and the methods of producing metallic molybordenum are described, and the focus is directed to various applications of the molybenzenum alloys and compounds such as catalysts, lubricants and refractory ceramics.
Abstract: The basic properties of molybdenum and subsequently the methods of producing metallic molybdenum are described. Selected classes of important inorganic compounds (molybdenum halides, molybdenum oxides, iso- and hetero-polyoxomolybdates) as well as molybdenum hexacarbonyl and hybrid inorganic–organic materials are presented. Thereafter the focus is directed to various applications of metallic molybdenum, its alloys and compounds such as catalysts, lubricants and refractory ceramics. In conclusion, molybdenum’s medicinal role and the antimicrobial activity of MoO3 and solid solutions Mo
n
W1-n
O3 are discussed.
22 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, the Raman spectra of PCl5, SbCl5 and MoCl5 in the gas phase have been recorded, consistent with the presence of five-coordinate trigonal bipyramidal species.
Abstract: The Raman spectra of PCl5, SbCl5, NbCl5, TaCl5, MoCl5, NbBr5, and TaBr5 in the gas phase have been recorded. In all cases the data is consistent with the presence of five-co-ordinate trigonal bipyramidal species. The Raman spectra of gaseous PCl5, SbCl5, and MoCl5, show intersting temperature-dependent effects.
27 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the gaseous molybdenum fluorides were studied by high temperature mass spectrometry, and the results were used to derive thermochemical heats of formation and bond dissociation energies.
Abstract: Equilibria among the gaseous molybdenum fluorides were studied by high temperature mass spectrometry, and the results were used to derive thermochemical heats of formation and bond dissociation energies for the gaseous species MoF, MoF2, MoF3, MoF4, and MoF5. Effusion beams containing the gaseous fluorides were generated by the reaction of SF6 or MoF6 with elemental Mo at temperatures of 1100–2200 K, and the thermochemical results were derived from a second‐law analysis of the equilibrium data. Values of the standard heats of formation, ΔHf °298, obtained are as follows: for MoF, 65.0±2.2 kcal/mol; MoF2, −40.2±2.9 kcal/mol; MoF3, −141.5±3.5 kcal/mol; MoF4, −228.0±3.9 kcal/mol; and MoF5, −296.7±8.6 kcal/mol. The value for MoF yields the dissociation energy D00(MoF) =110.3±2.2 kcal/mol (4.78±0.10 eV). Estimated spectroscopic and molecular constants are consistent with the gaseous equilibrium data, indicating that assumptions about the derivation of equilibrium constants from ion currents are reasonable. ]
26 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a cristallise dans le systeme orthorhombique, groupe P2 1/c avec R=0,0299.
Abstract: [Mo(dmpe 2 )(CO) 2 Cl] [PF 6 ] cristallise dans le systeme orthorhombique, groupe d'espace Pnma et sa structure est affinee jusqu'a R=0,0328. [Mo(dmpe) 2 Cl 2 ] cristallise dans le systeme monoclinique, groupe P2 1/c avec R=0,0299. [Mo(dmpe) 2 Cl 2 ] [SnCl 3 ] cristallise dans P2 1/n avec R=0,0369. Geometrie octaedrique pour les deux derniers composes
25 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a synthetic procedure was devised for stepwise displacement of chloride by sulfide in the Mo/sub 6/Cl/sub 8/sup 4 +/ cluster via reaction of Mo/ssub 6Cl/s/sub 12/ with NaSH in refluxing pyridine.
Abstract: A synthetic procedure has been devised for stepwise displacement of chloride by sulfide in the Mo/sub 6/Cl/sub 8//sup 4 +/ cluster via reaction of Mo/sub 6/Cl/sub 12/ with NaSH in refluxing pyridine. The (Mo/sub 6/Cl/sub 7/S)/sup 3 +/ cluster has been isolated in two different salts containing the chloro anion ((Mo/sub 6/Cl/sub 7/S)Cl/sub 6/)/sup 3 -/, and the structures have been determined by x-ray diffraction. (C/sub 5/H/sub 5/NH)/sub 3/((Mo/sub 6/Cl/sub 7/S)Cl/sub 6/) (I) crystallizes in the space group P2/sub 1//c with a = 13.469 (4) A, b = 15.329 (3) A, c = 17.115 (5) A, ..beta.. = 107.19 (3)/sup 0/, and Z = 4. With excess pyridinium ion present in solution, the cubic double salt (C/sub 5/H/sub 5/NH)/sub 3/((Mo/sub 6/Cl/sub 7/S)Cl/sub 6/).3(C/sub 5/H/sub 5/NH)Cl (II) is obtained: space group Pa3, with a = 17.158 (2) A and Z = 4. Bond distances obtained after refinement of the two structures indicate sulfide is probably disordered over only two bridging ligand sites in I but over all eight sites in II. Corresponding average bond distances and angles in the two structures are in close agreement. Similarly, infrared spectra for I and II are in good agreement; a band appearing at 423more » cm/sup -1/ is assigned to a vibration of predominant Mo-S character. Chlorine 2p photoelectron spectra were resolved into components giving binding energies for bridging, terminal, and ionic chloride in the structures. Relative areas of the component peaks confirm that sulfide must occupy a bridging ligand position in the (Mo/sub 6/Cl/sub 7/S)/sup 3 +/ cluster.« less
25 citations
TL;DR: A review of the preparation and chemistry of known thio-, seleno-, and tellurohalides of the transition-metal elements is given in this paper, with the compounds being dealt with element by element and group by group.
Abstract: Publisher Summary Thio-, seleno-, and tellurohalides are classes of compounds with only sparse coverage in the chemical literature. Over the past 20 years, however, there has been a gradual increase in activity in these areas of chemistry. Although the papers published so far have been the almost exclusive preserve of a small number of research groups. This review summarizes the preparation and chemistry of known thio-, seleno-, and tellurohalides of the transition-metal elements, the compounds being dealt with element by element and group by group. For the purposes of the review, we have adopted the definition of transition elements as those which as elements, have partly filled d or f shells in any of their commonly occurring oxidation states. This means that copper, silver, and gold are included. However, whereas the Group I elements may lose one or two d electrons to give ions or complexes in the II and III oxidation states, this is no longer possible for Group 11, and zinc, cadmium, and mercury compounds have been omitted.
23 citations