Characterization of breaking wave impact on vertical wall with recurve
TL;DR: In this paper, large-scale experiments were conducted at the Coastal Research Centre (FZK), Germany to characterize the mechanics and characteristics of impact pressures due to breaking waves on a vertical sea wave.
Abstract: Large-scale experiments were conducted at the Coastal Research Centre (FZK), Germany to characterize the mechanics and characteristics of impact pressures due to breaking waves on a vertical sea wa...
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the intensity of the load applied by non-breaking waves on the recurved parapet wall of vertical breakwaters under both regular and irregular waves.
41 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a hybrid structure of a pile-supported wharf connecting with a pile breakwater is tested in a flume with a scale factor of 1:30, where both wave, scour and load characteristic of this structure are investigated.
22 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the variations in wave loads on a vertical seawall structure due to the addition of parapets were discussed, and a 1:8 model scale experiment on a wall with parapets was carried out.
Abstract: This paper will discuss the variations in wave loads on a vertical seawall structure due to the addition of parapets. A 1:8 model scale experiments on a wall with parapets will be carried ...
12 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a well tested mathematical model is used to bring out important counter intuitive results on the aspect of reducing tsunami impact forces on on-shore buildings using sea dikes, based on numerical solution of the general Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes equations, with SST-k-ω model for turbulence closure.
11 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate the effect of the geometrical properties of recurve retrofitting on the pressure distribution, overall force, and overturning moment at the seawall subject to both impulsive and non-impulsive waves.
Abstract: This study investigates the variation of wave impact loads with the geometrical configurations of recurve retrofits mounted on the crest of a vertical seawall. Physical model tests were undertaken in a wave flume at the University of Warwick to investigate the effects of the geometrical properties of recurve on the pressure distribution, overall force, and overturning moment at the seawall, subject to both impulsive and non-impulsive waves. Additionally, the wave impact and quasi-static loads on the recurve portion of the retrofitted seawalls are investigated to understand the role of retrofitting on the structural integrity of the vertical seawall. Detailed analysis of laboratory measurements is conducted to understand the effects of overhang length and height of the recurve wall on the wave loading. It is found that the increase in both recurve height and overhang length lead to the increase of horizontal impact force at an average ratio of 1.15 and 1.1 times larger the reference case of a plain vertical wall for the tested configurations. The results also show that the geometrical shape changes in recurve retrofits, increasing the overturning moment enacted by the wave impact force. A relatively significant increase in wave loading (both impact and quasi-static loads) are observed for the higher recurve retrofits, while changes in the overturning moment are limited for the retrofits with longer overhang length. The data generated from the physical modelling measurements presented in this study will be particularly helpful for a range of relevant stakeholders, including coastal engineers, infrastructure designers, and the local authorities in coastal regions. The results of this study can also enable scientists to design and develop robust decision support tools to evaluate the performance of vertical seawalls with recurve retrofitting.
11 citations
Cites background from "Characterization of breaking wave i..."
...[33] carried out a series of large-scale experiments to investigate the wave impact forces on recurve walls under a range of breaking wave conditions....
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11 Aug 1995TL;DR: In this article, the entrained air present when a wave impacts upon a vertical wall is modelled, and the fundamental frequencies and pressures on the impact wall due to the bubble can be estimated from the numerical computations.
Abstract: The entrained air present when a wave impacts upon a vertical wall is modelled. A numerical boundary-integral method is applied, with appropriate initial conditions giving a prescribed surface profile and corresponding velocity potential, to model an overturning wave trapping a single air pocket between the oncoming wave front and the vertical wall. The resulting detailed computations provide suitable initial parameters for a simple theoretical model of the trapped air pocket as described in Topliss, Cooker & Peregrine (1992). The fundamental frequencies, and pressures on the impact wall due to the bubble can thus be estimated from the numerical computations. Video frames of small-scale experiments by Hattori & Arami (1992 and private communications) are also examined in detail and similar use of the model provides further pressure estimates. The resulting frequencies and maximum pressures are compared with the measured values. The peak pressures on the impact wall are within 30% of those measured and the frequencies are generally closer. Scaling with wave size is also discussed.
20 citations
"Characterization of breaking wave i..." refers background in this paper
...Many researchers, including Schmidt et al. (1992), Hattori and Arami (1992), Hattori et al. (1994), Peregrine and Topliss (1994), and Kirkgöz (1995) have tried to observe the influence of the air entrained by a breaking wave....
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26 Jan 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, only non-breaking waves attacking smooth dikes are investigated and the results lead to reduction factors for a vertical wall or a parapet that can be introduced in the van der Meer formulas for wave overtopping over smooth Dikes.
Abstract: A return wall or parapet is a very efficient construction built to reduce wave overtopping over sea structures. One of its main advantages is that this relative small construction can be built in a dike without increasing the crest height yet creating a major reduction in wave overtopping. In this paper only non-breaking waves attacking smooth dikes are investigated. A normal smooth dike, a smooth dike with vertical wall and a smooth dike with parapet have been tested. The results lead to reduction factors for a vertical wall or a parapet that can be introduced in the van der Meer formulas for wave overtopping over smooth dikes. The optimal geometry of the parapet has been subject of the research as well.
20 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the role of trapped air bubbles in the generation of impact pressure and found that the larger the amount of entrapped air, the lower the magnitude of the impact pressure.
20 citations
"Characterization of breaking wave i..." refers background or result in this paper
...Many researchers, including Schmidt et al. (1992), Hattori and Arami (1992), Hattori et al. (1994), Peregrine and Topliss (1994), and Kirkgöz (1995) have tried to observe the influence of the air entrained by a breaking wave....
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...The comparison of best fit equations from the present investigation and from the earlier experimental works of Hattori et al. (1994), Kirkgöz (1990) and Bullock et al....
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01 Jan 2003
11 citations
"Characterization of breaking wave i..." refers background in this paper
...Different types of curved sea wall are Galveston seawall (USACE 2006, Coastal Engineering Manual), Flaring Shaped sea wall (Kamikubo et al. 2003, Murakami et al. 1996), Circular cum parabolic sea wall (Weber 1934), Vertical wall attached with small deflector parapet (Kortenhaus et al. 2003),…...
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15 Dec 2012
TL;DR: In this paper, the location of maximum pressures p_max (z_max) on the vertical part as a function of the wave steepness (H⁄L_0 ) was analyzed for a vertical structure with an overhanging horizontal cantilever slab.
Abstract: Results from wave impact tests are used to analyze the pressure distribution on a vertical structure with an overhanging horizontal cantilever slab. The structure faces two individual impacts, occurring sequentially on the vertical and horizontal parts. An expression is being proposed for the location of maximum pressures p_max (z_max) on the vertical part as a function of the wave steepness (H⁄L_0 ). The boundary conditions for occurring of high dynamic pressures are determined both on the vertical and horizontal part. Three different pressure distribution cases are proposed as SBW, BW and BWSAT according to the breaker type. For each breaker type, the local pressure ratio’s p_h3⁄p_h1 , p_h1⁄p_v1 , and p_h2⁄p_v1 are analyzed, where p_h1, p_h2 and p_h3 are the local peak pressure at the SWL and top and bottom of the vertical part respectively, whereas, p_v1 is the local peak pressure on the horizontal part. Recommended profiles are calculated from local p_max values.
3 citations
"Characterization of breaking wave i..." refers background or result in this paper
...Kisacik et al. (2012) implemented the ideology by Oumeraci et al. (1993) for the vertical wall with overhanging horizontal cantilever slab, and classified the breakers into slightly breaking wave (SBW), breaking wave small air trap (BWSAT), and breaking wave large air trap (BWLAT)....
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...The occurrence of parallel faces is not observed during impact which is similar to the findings of Kisacik et al. (2012) and Hull and Müller (2002)....
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