Characterization of Leachate and Groundwater in and Around Saduperi Municipal Solid Waste Open Dump Site, Vellore District, Tamil Nadu, India
01 Jan 2018-pp 279-299
TL;DR: In this paper, a real-time case study of a solid waste dump yard located at Saduperi, Vellore District, Tamil Nadu, India is presented, where groundwater samples are collected in and around landfill site to analyse the possible impact of leachate on the quality of groundwater.
Abstract: In India, a large portion of the landfill is open or unlined. The administration of municipal solid waste (MSW) requires proper infrastructure, upkeep in all actions. This turns out to be extremely costly and complex due to the unconstrained improvement of urban dominion. The landfill has been concerned with air contamination, soil contamination, surface and groundwater contamination. The origin of landfill gases is subjective to various factors such as the composition of solid waste product, decomposition of waste, oxygen availability, moisture and rain percolation, pH, organic amount and microorganism population. Dioxins are exceedingly dangerous and can cause reproductive and developmental problems. The waste put in the landfills influences the groundwater stream, and rainwater may permeate through the waste. The water gets mixed with organic and inorganic compounds and accumulated at the bottom of the landfill. The present study represents a real-time case study of a solid waste dump yard located at Saduperi, Vellore District, Tamil Nadu, India. Groundwater samples are collected in and around landfill site to analyse the possible impact of leachate on the quality of groundwater. Various physicochemical parameters and heavy metal concentration of groundwater and leachate sample are analysed and reported. Leachate analysis showed a neutral pH (7.4) and BOD concentration of 9100 mg/L. Total hardness and alkalinity were found to be 5500 and 10,000 mg/L, respectively. The chloride concentration was found to be higher (5317.5 mg/L). The concentration of heavy metals such as nickel, cadmium and chromium was found in concentrations of 0.05, 0.09 and 2.84 mg/L, respectively. Groundwater samples showed slightly acidic to neutral pH values with higher concentration in TDS (9690 mg/L) and chloride (2153 mg/L) parameters. Further leachate pollution index was calculated to know the potential of impact from the dump site leachate.
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Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, leachate treatment efficiency was evaluated on the basis of LPI value of leachates before and after treatment by passing through permeable reactive barrier (multibarrier) in a laboratory scale study.
Abstract: Leachate pollution index (LPI) value can be used as a tool to assess the leachate pollution potential of landfill sites particularly at places where there is a high risk of leachate migration and pollution of groundwater and thus can help to take necessary decisions as deem fit. In this paper, leachate treatment efficiency was evaluated on the basis of LPI value of leachate before and after treatment by passing through permeable reactive barrier (multibarrier) in a laboratory scale study. Permeable reactive barrier (multibarrier) consisted of low cost locally available waste materials, which is an innovative in-situ remediation technology to treat landfill leachate contamination. Leachate sample of Jamalpur landfill site of Ludhiana City, Punjab (India) was collected and analyzed for 5 significant leachate pollutant variables viz pH, TDS, BOD5, COD and Chloride (Cl−) to estimate its pollution potential. The concentration of all the studied leachate pollutant variables exceeded the permissible limits. Jamalpur landfill site has neither any base liner nor leachate collection and treatment system. Therefore, all the leachate generated finds its path into the surrounding environment. LPI is an increasing scale index, where a higher value indicates poor environmental condition based on the Delphi technique; which is an opinion research technique to extract information from a group of panel lists. The formulation process involved selecting variables, deriving weights for the selected pollutant variables, formulating their sub indices curves and finally aggregating the pollutant variables to arrive at the LPI. The LPI value of the standards given under Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000, Government of India for the disposal of leachate to inland surface water is 7.378. In the present study, LPI value of leachate before and after treatment is 26.45 and 7.03, thus LPI value after treatment is under permissible limits.
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TL;DR: In this paper , the authors present the current state of research in the last five years on contaminants in soils, especially in leachates from solid waste landfills, with emphasis on biological remediation.
Abstract: This systematic review presents the current state of research in the last five years on contaminants in soils, especially in leachates from solid waste landfills, with emphasis on biological remediation. In this work, the pollutants that can be treated by microorganisms and the results obtained worldwide were studied. All the data obtained were compiled, integrated, and analyzed by soil type, pollutant type, bacterial type, and the countries where these studies were carried out. This review provides reliable data on the contamination of soils worldwide, especially soils contaminated by leachate from municipal landfills. The extent of contamination, treatment objectives, site characteristics, cost, type of microorganisms to be used, and time must be considered when selecting a viable remediation strategy. The results of this study can help develop innovative and applicable methods for evaluating the overall contamination of soil with different contaminants and soil types. These findings can help develop innovative, applicable, and economically feasible methods for the sustainable management of contaminated soils, whether from landfill leachate or other soil types, to reduce or eliminate risk to the environment and human health, and to achieve greater greenery and functionality on the planet.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the long-term behavior of landfills with respect to changes in oxidation-reduction status is discussed based on theory and model simulations, and it seems that the somewhere postulated enhanced release of accumulated heavy metals would not take place within the time frames of thousands of years.
Abstract: The major potential environmental impacts related to landfill leachate are pollution of groundwater and surface waters. Landfill leachate contains pollutants that can be categorized into four groups (dissolved organic matter, inorganic macrocomponents, heavy metals, and xenobiotic organic compounds). Existing data show high leachate concentrations of all components in the early acid phase due to strong decomposition and leaching. In the long methanogenic phase a more stable leachate, with lower concentrations and a low BOD/COD-ratio, is observed. Generally, very low concentrations of heavy metals are observed. In contrast, the concentration of ammonia does not decrease, and often constitutes a major long-term pollutant in leachate. A broad range of xenobiotic organic compounds is observed in landfill leachate. The long-term behavior of landfills with respect to changes in oxidation-reduction status is discussed based on theory and model simulations. It seems that the somewhere postulated enhanced release of accumulated heavy metals would not take place within the time frames of thousands of years. This is supported by a few laboratory investigations. The existing data and model evaluations indicate that the xenobiotic organic compounds in most cases do not constitute a major long-term problem. This may suggest that ammonia will be of most concern in the long run.
2,122 citations
TL;DR: The literature has been critically reviewed in order to assess the attenuation processes governing contaminants in leachate affected aquifers as discussed by the authors, focusing on dissolved organic matter, xenobiotic organic compounds, inorganic macrocomponents as anions and cations, and heavy metals.
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TL;DR: The main conclusion of the overall assessment of the literature is that the evidence of adverse health outcomes for the general population living near landfill sites, incinerators, composting facilities and nuclear installations is usually insufficient and inconclusive.
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