Characterization of solid polymer electrolyte based on gum tragacanth and lithium nitrate
23 Jun 2021-pp 1-15
TL;DR: In this article, solid polymer electrolytes based on Gum Tragacanth (GT) and Lithium nitrate (LN) have been synthesized by solution casting method and the dissociation and complexation of the salt with the host polymer are confirmed using XRD and FTIR studies.
Abstract: Tragacanth Gum is a natural gum that has been widely used in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. The electrochemical properties of the gum have not been explored yet. Therefore, in the present work solid polymer electrolytes based on Gum Tragacanth (GT) and Lithium nitrate (LN) have been synthesized by solution casting method. The dissociation and complexation of the salt with the host polymer are confirmed using XRD and FTIR studies. Impedance analysis was carried out using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in the temperature range of 308–343 K. The highest ionic conductivity at room temperature is found to be 8.28 × 10−3 Scm−1. The temperature dependence of the system GT:LN was found to obey Arrhenius behavior. Dielectric studies were carried out using impedance spectroscopy in the frequency range 10 Hz-4 MHz. Transference number study showed that the main charge carriers were ions and electrochemical stability window for the highest conducting electrolyte was studied using Linear sweep voltammetry. Thermogravimetry studies showed that thes electrolytes are thermally stable. Graphical abstract
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TL;DR: The application of solid state science to Electrochemical Phenomena is discussed in this article, where Ashok K. Vijh discusses the application of Solid State Science to Electrochemistry of Metals and Semiconductors.
Abstract: Electrochemistry of Metals and Semiconductors: The Application of Solid State Science to Electrochemical Phenomena. By Ashok K. Vijh. Pp. xiv + 297. (Dekker: New York, May 1973.) $23.50.
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TL;DR: In this paper , solid biopolymer electrolytes in the form of gum tragacanth and lithium perchlorate doped with different weight ratios of propylene carbonate (10, 20, 30, and 40 wt%) were fabricated by solution casting method.
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01 Dec 2012
TL;DR: In this article, a polymer gel electrolyte (PGE) based on cellulose acetate (CA) was used as an electrolyte for LiBOB-based PGE.
Abstract: Liquid electrolytes were prepared by dissolving different amounts of lithium bis(oxalato) borate (LiBOB) in γ-butyrolactone (GBL) solvents. Upon addition of 0.8 M LiBOB in GBL solvent, this liquid electrolyte showed room temperature ionic conductivity of 4.79 mS cm −1 . In order to prepare polymer gel electrolytes (PGE), 1 to 6 wt.% cellulose acetate (CA) was added into this optimum liquid electrolyte composition. The highest room temperature conductivity obtained for the PGE system was 5.36 mS cm −1 for sample containing 2 wt.% CA. Temperature dependent conductivity data revealed the CA-LiBOB polymer gel electrolyte obeys an Arrhenius rule implying that this PGE could operate at intermediate and high temperature conditions. Moreover, linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements confirmed this PGE system also exhibits excellent electrochemical stability. Thus, the CA-LiBOB -based PGE could be a promising candidate as an electrolyte particularly in lithium batteries application.
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30 Jul 2004
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a set of techniques for detecting anomalous infrared spectra, including Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometers (FTIS) and Spectral Spectral Transform Transform (STT) this paper.
Abstract: Series Preface.Preface.Acronyms, Abbreviations and Symbols.About the Author.1. Introduction.1.1 Electromagnetic Radiation.1.2 Infrared Absorptions.1.3 Normal Modes of Vibration.1.4 Complicating Factors.1.4.1 Overtone and Combination Bands.1.4.2 Fermi Resonance.1.4.3 Coupling.1.4.4 Vibration-Rotation Bands.References.2. Experimental Methods.2.1 Introduction.2.2 Dispersive Infrared Spectrometers.2.3 Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectrometers.2.3.1 Michelson Interferometers.2.3.2 Sources and Detectors.2.3.3 Fourier-Transformation.2.3.4 Moving Mirrors.2.3.5 Signal-Averaging.2.3.6 Advantages.2.3.7 Computers.2.3.8 Spectra.2.4 Transmission Methods.2.4.1 Liquids and Solutions.2.4.2 Solids.2.4.3 Gases.2.4.4 Pathlength Calibration.2.5 Reflectance Methods.2.5.1 Attenuated Total Reflectance Spectroscopy.2.5.2 Specular Reflectance Spectroscopy.2.5.3 Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy.2.5.4 Photoacoustic Spectroscopy.2.6 Microsampling Methods.2.7 Chromatography-Infrared Spectroscopy.2.8 Thermal Analysis-Infrared Spectroscopy.2.9 Other Techniques.References.3. Spectral Analysis.3.1 Introduction.3.2 Group Frequencies.3.2.1 Mid-Infrared Region.3.2.2 Near-Infrared Region.3.2.3 Far-Infrared Region.3.3 Identification.3.4 Hydrogen Bonding.3.5 Spectrum Manipulation.3.5.1 Baseline Correction.3.5.2 Smoothing.3.5.3 Difference Spectra.3.5.4 Derivatives.3.5.5 Deconvolution.3.5.6 Curve-Fitting.3.6 Concentration.3.7 Simple Quantitative Analysis.3.7.1 Analysis of Liquid Samples.3.7.2 Analysis of Solid Samples.3.8 Multi-Component Analysis.3.9 Calibration Methods.References.4. Organic Molecules.4.1 Introduction.4.2 Aliphatic Hydrocarbons.4.3 Aromatic Compounds.4.4 Oxygen-Containing Compounds.4.4.1 Alcohols and Phenols.4.4.2 Ethers.4.4.3 Aldehydes and Ketones.4.4.4 Esters.4.4.5 Carboxylic Acids and Anhydrides.4.5 Nitrogen-Containing Compounds.4.5.1 Amines.4.5.2 Amides.4.6 Halogen-Containing Compounds.4.7 Heterocyclic Compounds.4.8 Boron Compounds.4.9 Silicon Compounds.4.10 Phosphorus Compounds.4.11 Sulfur Compounds.4.12 Near-Infrared Spectra.4.13 Identification.References.5. Inorganic Molecules.5.1 Introduction.5.2 General Considerations.5.3 Normal Modes of Vibration.5.4 Coordination Compounds.5.5 Isomerism.5.6 Metal Carbonyls.5.7 Organometallic Compounds.5.8 Minerals.References.6. Polymers.6.1 Introduction.6.2 Identification.6.3 Polymerization.6.4 Structure.6.5 Surfaces.6.6 Degradation.References.7. Biological Applications.7.1 Introduction.7.2 Lipids.7.3 Proteins and Peptides.7.4 Nucleic Acids.7.5 Disease Diagnosis.7.6 Microbial Cells.7.7 Plants.7.8 Clinical Chemistry.References.8. Industrial and Environmental Applications.8.1 Introduction.8.2 Pharmaceutical Applications.8.3 Food Science.8.4 Agricultural Applications.8.5 Pulp and Paper Industries.8.6 Paint Industry.8.7 Environmental Applications.References.Responses to Self-Assessment Questions.Bibliography.Glossary of Terms.SI Units and Physical Constants.Periodic Table.Index.
2,802 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, when chitosan and ethylene carbonate (EC) are dissolved in acetic acid to form a film of plasticized chiton acetate, the infrared spectrum of the films do not show any significant shift indicating that EC does not interact with chitonsan.
273 citations
TL;DR: In this article, ammonium thiocyanate (NH4SCN) based polymer films with different compositions have been prepared by solution casting technique and the amorphous nature of the polymer electrolytes has been confirmed by XRD analysis.
Abstract: Poly (N-vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and ammonium thiocyanate (NH4SCN) based polymer films with different compositions have been prepared by solution casting technique. The amorphous nature of the polymer electrolytes has been confirmed by XRD analysis. The FTIR analysis confirms the complex formation of the polymer with the salt. The conductivity analysis shows that the 20 mol% ammonium thiocyanate doped polymer electrolyte has high ionic conductivity and it has been found to be 1.7 × 10−4 S cm−1, at room temperature. From the admittance plot, the activation energy has been found to be low for 20 mol% salt doped polymer electrolyte. The dielectric behavior has been analyzed using dielectric permittivity (e∗), dissipation factor (tan δ) and electric modulus (M∗) of the samples.
179 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, flexible and freestanding solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) films based on poly ethylene oxide (PEO) and poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) complexed with LiNO3 have been developed by solution casting method.
170 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the conductivity of chitosan-LiOAc-doped polymers was investigated as a function of temperature between 300 and 363 K. XRD and FTIR spectroscopy techniques have been used for the structural studies.
161 citations