Characterization of swine infertility and respiratory syndrome (SIRS) virus (isolate ATCC VR-2332).
David A. Benfield,Eric A. Nelson,James E. Collins,Lou Harris,Sagar M. Goyal,Deborah J. Robison,William T. Christianson,Robert B. Morrison,David E. Gorcyca,Dan Chladek +9 more
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The characterization of an isolate of swine infertility and respiratory syndrome (SIRS) virus (ATCC VR-2332) is reported and it is indicated that this isolate is a fastidious, nonhemagglutinating, enveloped RNA virus.Abstract:
The characterization of an isolate of swine infertility and respiratory syndrome (SIRS) virus (ATCC VR-2332) is reported. A commercial cell line (CL262 1) was used for the propagation of the virus for all assays. Laboratory studies indicate that this isolate is a fastidious, nonhemagglutinating, enveloped RNA virus. Cesium chloride-purified virions visualized by electron microscopy were spherical particles with an average diameter of 62 nm (range: 48–83 nm) and a 25–30 nm core surrounded by an envelope. Virus replication was restricted to the cytoplasm, as demonstrated by immunofluorescence. The virus did not react serologically with antisera to several common porcine viruses or with antisera to known viruses in the alphavirus, rubivirus, pestivirus, and ungrouped lactic dehydrogenase virus genera of the Togaviridae. However, convalescent sow sera and rabbit hyperimmune sera neutralized the SIRS virus at titers of 1:256 and 1:512, respectively. The virus was stable at 4 and −70 C, but was labile at 37 and...read more
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The molecular biology of arteriviruses.
TL;DR: The establishment of an arterivirus family acknowledges many many uniquebiological and molecular properties of its four present members and theiation with thecoronaviruses recognizes anriguing chain relationship at the level ofgenomeorganization and replication.
Journal ArticleDOI
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
TL;DR: Persistent PRRSV infections are an important factor for virus survival and transmission within a swine herd and will complicate control programs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Isolation of swine infertility and respiratory syndrome virus (isolate ATCC VR-2332) in North America and experimental reproduction of the disease in gnotobiotic pigs
James E. Collins,David A. Benfield,William T. Christianson,Harris Louis L,Jane C. Hennings,Daniel P. Shaw,Sagar M. Goyal,Sam McCullough,Robert B. Morrison,Han Soo Joo,David E. Gorcyca,Dan Chladek +11 more
TL;DR: This is the first isolate of SIRS virus in the United States that fulfills Koch's postulates in producing the respiratory form of the disease in gnotobiotic piglets and the first report of isolation and propagation of the virus on a continuous cell line (CL2621).
Journal ArticleDOI
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus comparison: divergent evolution on two continents.
TL;DR: The presence of substantial variations across the entire genome and in sgmRNA processing indicates that PRRSV has evolved independently on separate continents, and suggests that changes in swine husbandry and management may have contributed to the emergence of PRRS.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparison of the Pathogenicity of Two US Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Isolates with that of the Lelystad Virus
Patrick G. Halbur,Prem S. Paul,M. L. Frey,J. Landgraf,K. Eernisse,Xiang-Jin Meng,John J. Andrews,Melissa A. Lum,J. A. Rathje +8 more
TL;DR: The lymphoid and respiratory systems have the most remarkable lesions and appear to be the major site of replication of these viruses.
References
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Mystery swine disease in The Netherlands: the isolation of Lelystad virus.
G. Wensvoort,C. Terpstra,J.M.A. Pol,E. A. ter Laak,M. Bloemraad,E.P. de Kluyver,C. Kragten,L van Buiten,A. den Besten,F. Wagenaar +9 more
TL;DR: Infection with Lelystad virus is the likely cause of mystery swine disease in the Dutch pig-industry, and antibodies directed against Lelystadt virus were also found in pigs with mystery swining disease in England, Germany, and in the United States.
Journal ArticleDOI
Isolation of swine infertility and respiratory syndrome virus (isolate ATCC VR-2332) in North America and experimental reproduction of the disease in gnotobiotic pigs
James E. Collins,David A. Benfield,William T. Christianson,Harris Louis L,Jane C. Hennings,Daniel P. Shaw,Sagar M. Goyal,Sam McCullough,Robert B. Morrison,Han Soo Joo,David E. Gorcyca,Dan Chladek +11 more
TL;DR: This is the first isolate of SIRS virus in the United States that fulfills Koch's postulates in producing the respiratory form of the disease in gnotobiotic piglets and the first report of isolation and propagation of the virus on a continuous cell line (CL2621).
Journal ArticleDOI
Studies on the substructure of togaviruses. II. Analysis of equine arteritis, rubella, bovine viral diarrhea, and hog cholera viruses.
M. Horzinek,J. Maess,R. Laufs +2 more
TL;DR: Ringlike morphological subunits observed on the surface of the spherical nucleocapsids and the presence of centra] core components suggest that the four viruses should be classified as togaviruses (lipid-containing RNA viruses with cubic symmetry of the nucleocapid), together with arbo-A-viruses.