Journal ArticleDOI
Charged particles in radiation oncology
Marco Durante,Jay S. Loeffler +1 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
In this paper, a review of particle therapy in radiotherapy is presented, and the authors identify and discuss the research questions that have resulted with this technique, and conclude that the high costs of accelerators and beam delivery in particle therapy are justified by a clear clinical advantage.Abstract:
Radiotherapy is one of the most common and effective therapies for cancer. Generally, patients are treated with X-rays produced by electron accelerators. Many years ago, researchers proposed that high-energy charged particles could be used for this purpose, owing to their physical and radiobiological advantages compared with X-rays. Particle therapy is an emerging technique in radiotherapy. Protons and carbon ions have been used for treating many different solid cancers, and several new centers with large accelerators are under construction. Debate continues on the cost:benefit ratio of this technique, that is, on whether the high costs of accelerators and beam delivery in particle therapy are justified by a clear clinical advantage. This Review considers the present clinical results in the field, and identifies and discusses the research questions that have resulted with this technique.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Radiation oncology in the era of precision medicine
Michael Baumann,Mechthild Krause,Jens Overgaard,Juergen Debus,Søren M. Bentzen,J Daartz,Christian Richter,Daniel Zips,Daniel Zips,Thomas Bortfeld +9 more
TL;DR: Two major strategies, acting synergistically, will enable further widening of the therapeutic window of radiation oncology in the era of precision medicine: technology-driven improvement of treatment conformity, including advanced image guidance and particle therapy, and novel biological concepts for personalized treatment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chordoma: current concepts, management, and future directions
Brian P. Walcott,Brian V. Nahed,Ahmed Mohyeldin,Jean-Valery Coumans,Kristopher T. Kahle,Manuel Ferreira +5 more
TL;DR: Treatment of clival chordomas is unique from other locations with an enhanced emphasis on preservation of neurological function, typified by a general paradigm of maximally safe cytoreductive surgery and advanced radiation delivery techniques.
Journal ArticleDOI
Carbon ion radiotherapy in Japan: an assessment of 20 years of clinical experience.
Tadashi Kamada,Hirohiko Tsujii,Eleanor A. Blakely,Jürgen Debus,Wilfried De Neve,Marco Durante,Oliver Jäkel,Ramona Mayer,Roberto Orecchia,Richard Pötter,S. Vatnitsky,William T. Chu +11 more
TL;DR: A panel of radiation oncologists, radiobiologists, and medical physicists from the USA and Europe recently completed peer review of the carbon ion therapy at NIRS, and promising data were obtained for other tumours, such as locally recurrent rectal cancer and pancreatic cancer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biological response of cancer cells to radiation treatment.
TL;DR: The clinical implications of radiation induced direct and bystander effects on the cancer cell are discussed and research and development in the last three decades has led to considerable improvement in understanding of the differential responses of normal and cancer cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Physical basis and biological mechanisms of gold nanoparticle radiosensitization
TL;DR: There is an apparent disparity between the observed experimental findings and the level of radiosensitization predicted by mass energy absorption and GNP concentration, which is highlighted to highlight potential underlying biological mechanisms of response in GNP radiosensItization.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Angiogenesis in cancer, vascular, rheumatoid and other disease
TL;DR: Think of the switch to the angiogenic phenotype as a net balance of positive and negative regulators of blood vessel growth, which may dictate whether a primary tumour grows rapidly or slowly and whether metastases grow at all.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association of reactive oxygen species levels and radioresistance in cancer stem cells
Maximilian Diehn,Robert W. Cho,Neethan A. Lobo,Tomer Kalisky,Mary Jo Dorie,Angela N. Kulp,Dalong Qian,Jessica Lam,Laurie Ailles,Manzhi Wong,Benzion Joshua,Michael J. Kaplan,Irene Wapnir,Frederick M. Dirbas,George Somlo,Carlos A. Garberoglio,Benjamin Paz,Jeannie Shen,Sean K. Lau,Stephen R. Quake,J. Martin Brown,Irving L. Weissman,Michael F. Clarke +22 more
TL;DR: It is shown that normal mammary epithelial stem cells contain lower concentrations of ROS than their more mature progeny cells, and subsets of CSCs in some tumours contain lower ROS levels and enhanced ROS defences compared to their non-tumorigenic progeny, which may contribute to tumour radioresistance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cancer risks attributable to low doses of ionizing radiation: Assessing what we really know
David J. Brenner,Richard Doll,Dudley T. Goodhead,Eric J. Hall,Charles E. Land,John B. Little,Jay H. Lubin,Dale L. Preston,R. Julian Preston,Jerome S. Puskin,Elaine Ron,Rainer K. Sachs,Jonathan M. Samet,Richard B. Setlow,Marco Zaider +14 more
TL;DR: The difficulties involved in quantifying the risks of low-dose radiation are reviewed, a linear extrapolation of cancer risks from intermediate to very low doses currently appears to be the most appropriate methodology, and a linearity assumption is not necessarily the most conservative approach.
Journal ArticleDOI
Relative biological effectiveness (RBE) values for proton beam therapy.
Harald Paganetti,Andrzej Niemierko,Marek Ancukiewicz,Leo E. Gerweck,Michael Goitein,Jay S. Loeffler,Herman D. Suit +6 more
TL;DR: There is too much uncertainty in the RBE value for any human tissue to propose RBE values specific for tissue, dose/fraction, proton energy, etc, and experimental in vivo and clinical data indicate that continued employment of a generic RBEvalue is reasonable.
Journal ArticleDOI
Intensity-modulated radiation therapy, protons, and the risk of second cancers.
TL;DR: Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) allows dose to be concentrated in the tumor volume while sparing normal tissues, however, the downside to IMRT is the potential to increase the number of radiation-induced second cancers, so that doubling it may not be acceptable in older patients and in children.