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Journal ArticleDOI

Chemical and Pharmacological Evaluation of Different Ayurvedic Preparations of Iron

TL;DR: Ayurvedic preparations of metallic iron commonly categorised as different 'putas' of 'Louha Bhasma' was chemically analysed and pharmacologically investigated in iron deficiency anemia and revealed the presence of various proportions of important metals along with varied concentration of iron.
About: This article is published in Journal of Ethnopharmacology.The article was published on 1999-05-01. It has received 45 citations till now.
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TL;DR: The bhasmas are biologically produced nanoparticles and are taken along with milk, butter, honey, or ghee, thus, this makes these elements easily assimilable, eliminating their harmful effects and enhancing their biocompatibility.
Abstract: Bhasmas are unique Ayurvedic metallic preparations with herbal juices/fruits, known in the Indian subcontinent since the seventh century BC and widely recommended for treatment of a variety of chronic ailments. Twenty bhasmas based on calcium, iron, zinc, mercury, silver, potassium, arsenic, copper, tin, and gemstones were analyzed for up to 18 elements by instrumental neutron activation analysis, including their C, H, N, and S contents. In addition to the major constituent element found at % level, several other essential elements such as Na, K, Ca, Mg, V, Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn have also been found in μg/g amounts and ultratrace (ng/g) amounts of Au and Co. These seem to remain chelated with organic ligands derived from medicinal herbs. The bhasmas are biologically produced nanoparticles and are taken along with milk, butter, honey, or ghee (a preparation from milk), thus, this makes these elements easily assimilable, eliminating their harmful effects and enhancing their biocompatibility. Siddha Makaradhwaja, a mercury preparation is found to be stoichiometrically HgS without any traces of any other element. Similarly, Swet Parpati is stoichiometrically KNO3 but is found to have Mn, Cu, Zn, Na, P, and Cl as well. An attempt has been made to correlate the metallic contents with their medicinal importance. Na and K, the two electrolytic elements, seem to be well correlated, although K/Na varies in a wide range from 0.06 to 95, with specifically low values for Ca-, Fe-, and Zn-based hasmas. K/P also varies in a wide range from 0.23 to 12, although for most bhasmas (n=12)., it is 2.3±1.2. Further, Fe/Mn is linearly correlated (r=0.96) with Fe in nine noniron bhasmas.

104 citations


Cites background or methods from "Chemical and Pharmacological Evalua..."

  • ...(25) have also used AAS for determining 12 elements (Mg, Ca, Na, Ba, K, Pb, Cu, Mn, Zn, Ni, Co, and Cd) in addition to the main constituent (Fe) in Lauh bhasma and evaluated its pharmacological action....

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  • ...(25) have evaluated the chemical and pharmacological action of different Ayurvedic preparations of Fe....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work presents a systematic characterization of this traditional drug 'tamra bhasma' using various techniques like X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and surface area measurement which found to match very well with those of a standard copper oxide confirming the composition of the drug sample.

66 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a comprehensive physicochemical characterization of Jasada Bhasma using modern state-of-the-art techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), elemental analysis with energy dispersive Xray analysis (EDAX), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
Abstract: Herbs and minerals are the integral parts of traditional systems of medicine in many countries. Herbo-Mineral medicinal preparations called Bhasma are unique to the Ayurvedic and Siddha systems of Indian Traditional Medicine. These preparations have been used since long and are claimed to be the very effective and potent dosage form. However, there is dearth of scientific analytical studies carried out on these products, and even the existing ones suffer from incomplete analysis. Jasada Bhasma is a unique preparation of zinc belonging to this class. This particular preparation has been successfully used by traditional practitioners for the treatment of diabetes and age-related eye diseases. This work presents a first comprehensive physicochemical characterization of Jasada Bhasma using modern state-of-the-art techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), elemental analysis with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Our analysis shows that the Jasada Bhasma particles are in oxygen deficient state and a clearly identifiable fraction of particles are in the nanometer size range. These properties like oxygen deficiency and nanosize particles in Jasada Bhasma might impart the therapeutic property of this particular type of medicine.

53 citations


Cites methods from "Chemical and Pharmacological Evalua..."

  • ...Chemical evaluation of different Ayurvedic preparations of iron has been done by Pandit et al. (1999) with the help of atomic absorption spectroscopy, but no effort was made to close the material balance on the sample....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The main focus is to familiarize the readers, from non-ayurvedic background, on different aspects of this specialized discipline, Rasashaastra, to provide a brief but all encompassing coverage of different aspects related to it.
Abstract: The word Rasashaastra literally means the “Science of Mercury”. It is a specialized branch of Ayurveda dealing mainly with materials which are known as ‘Rasa dravyaas’. The products dealt under this discipline are an important component of Ayurvedic therapeutics. Considering the importance of this discipline in Ayurvedic therapeutics and the fact that there is dearth of comprehensive review on the subject an attempt has been made in this review to provide a brief but all encompassing coverage of different aspects related to it. The subjects covered in the review are : historical background of the evolvement of Rasashaastra as a specialized branch during different time periods; different aspects of classification ‘Rasa dravyaas’; processing of metal and mineral products with a note on the methods used during different time periods; information about methods of pre and post preparation procedures for different kinds of ‘Rasa dravyaas’; importance of mercury in Ayurveda, its processing methods and different preparations along with therapeutic indications. In addition attempt has been made to provide basic information on the metal and mineral based preparations mentioned in Ayurvedic Formulary of India; recent development in the field of Rasashaastra and future requirements for the proper development of the discipline. The main focus is to familiarize the readers, from non-ayurvedic background, on different aspects of this specialized discipline.

38 citations

References
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