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Journal ArticleDOI

Chemical composition and size distribution of particulate matters from marine diesel engines with different fuel oils

01 Jan 2019-Fuel (Elsevier)-Vol. 235, pp 972-983
TL;DR: In this article, detailed physicochemical characteristics of particulate emissions were investigated over ranges of fuel properties, particles size distribution, chemical compositions and toxicity based on dynamometry experiments with marine diesel engines.
About: This article is published in Fuel.The article was published on 2019-01-01. It has received 49 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Diesel fuel & Diesel engine.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Among the sites sampled, the pollutant levels and cancer risk were highest at the EP site, and they could pose a cancer risk for humans, although only the bioaccessible PAHs in human lungs were considered.

49 citations


Cites background from "Chemical composition and size distr..."

  • ...PC2 had high positive loadings for high-ring PAHs, including BkF, IcdP, and BghiP, which are characteristic compounds in vehicle emissions (Li et al., 2018; Zhou et al., 2019)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a series of hierarchical three-dimensional ordered macroporous Fe10-xVx binary metal oxides (3DOM-Fe10-XVx) catalysts were designed and synthesized for selective catalytic reduction of NOx from marine diesel engine exhaust.
Abstract: A series of hierarchical three-dimensionally ordered macroporous Fe10-xVx binary metal oxides (3DOM-Fe10-xVx) catalysts were designed and synthesized for selective catalytic reduction of NOx from marine diesel engine exhaust. The physical-chemical performance of the 3DOM-Fe10-xVx catalysts were subjected by various techniques and found that the 3DOM-Fe10-xVx with the Fe to V atomic ratio of 9.0/1.0 exhibited a wider active temperature window, better soot resistance performance compared with the conventional Fe9.0V1.0 catalyst due to its special 3DOM structure. Even when simultaneously exposed to the soot and high concentration of sulfur dioxide reaction feeds, the 3DOM-Fe9.0V1.0 catalyst also displayed superior catalytic activity. Interestingly, we found that the soot had a reduction activity for NOx at high reaction temperature, which can effectively extend its active temperature window. The 3DOM-Fe10-xVx catalysts prepared in this work could be potentially a good candidate for the cargo ships deNOx catalysts to satisfy the more stringent exhaust emission rules.

44 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors summarized the technical characteristics and application problems of marine diesel engine SCR systems in detail, and tracked the development trend of the catalytic reaction mechanism, engine tuning, and control strategy under high sulfur exhaust gas conditions.
Abstract: In recent years, the International Maritime Organization (IMO), Europe, and the United States and other countries have set up different emission control areas (ECA) for ship exhaust pollutants to enforce more stringent pollutant emission regulations. In order to meet the current IMO Tier III emission regulations, an after-treatment device must be installed in the exhaust system of the ship power plant to reduce the ship NOx emissions. At present, selective catalytic reduction technology (SCR) is one of the main technical routes to resolve excess NOx emissions of marine diesel engines, and is the only NOx emission reduction technology recognized by the IMO that can be used for various ship engines. Compared with the conventional low-pressure SCR system, the high-pressure SCR system can be applied to low-speed marine diesel engines that burn inferior fuels, but its working conditions are relatively harsh, and it can be susceptible to operational problems such as sulfuric acid corrosion, salt blockage, and switching delay during the actual ship tests and ship applications. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the design method and matching strategy of the high-pressure SCR system to achieve a more efficient and reliable operation. This article summarizes the technical characteristics and application problems of marine diesel engine SCR systems in detail, tracks the development trend of the catalytic reaction mechanism, engine tuning, and control strategy under high sulfur exhaust gas conditions. Results showed that low temperature is an important reason for the formation of ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, and other deposits. Additionally, the formed deposits will directly affect the working performance of the SCR systems. The development of SCR technology for marine low-speed engines should be the compromise solution under the requirements of high sulfur fuel, high thermal efficiency, and low pollution emissions. Under the dual restrictions of high sulfur fuel and low exhaust temperature, the low-speed diesel engine SCR systems will inevitably sacrifice part of the engine economy to obtain higher denitrification efficiency and operational reliability.

31 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of waste-cooking-oil biodiesel on the particle number (PN), size distribution and particulate phase compositions including organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), N-alkanes, fatty acids and inorganic ions from a diesel bus were evaluated.

30 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: By laboratory and on-board measurements of ship engine exhaust, fuel-specific particle number (PN) emissions for different fuels and desulfurization applied in shipping are determined and imply that shipping remains as a significant source of anthropogenic PN emissions that should be considered in future climate and health impact models.
Abstract: Shipping is the main source of anthropogenic particle emissions in large areas of the globe, influencing climate, air quality, and human health in open seas and coast lines. Here, we determined, by laboratory and on-board measurements of ship engine exhaust, fuel-specific particle number (PN) emissions for different fuels and desulfurization applied in shipping. The emission factors were compared to ship exhaust plume observations and, furthermore, exploited in the assessment of global PN emissions from shipping, utilizing the STEAM ship emission model. The results indicate that most particles in the fresh ship engine exhaust are in ultrafine particle size range. Shipping PN emissions are localized, especially close to coastal lines, but significant emissions also exist on open seas and oceans. The global annual PN produced by marine shipping was 1.2 × 1028 (±0.34 × 1028) particles in 2016, thus being of the same magnitude with total anthropogenic PN emissions in continental areas. The reduction potential of PN from shipping strongly depends on the adopted technology mix, and except wide adoption of natural gas or scrubbers, no significant decrease in global PN is expected if heavy fuel oil is mainly replaced by low sulfur residual fuels. The results imply that shipping remains as a significant source of anthropogenic PN emissions that should be considered in future climate and health impact models.

29 citations

References
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Book
01 Jan 1988
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe real engine flow and combustion processes, as well as engine operating characteristics and their operation, including engine design and operating parameters, engine characteristics, and operating characteristics.
Abstract: 1 Engine Types and Their Operations 2 Engine Design and Operating Parameters 3 Thermochemistry of Fuel-Air Mixtures 4 Properties of Working Fluids 5 Ideal Models of Engine Cycles 6 Gas Exchange Processes 7 SI Engine Fuel Metering and Manifold Phenomena 8 Charge Motion within the Cylinder 9 Combustion in Ignition Engines 10 Combustion in Compression Ignition Engines 11 Pollutant Formation and Control 12 Engine Heat Transfer 13 Engine Friction and Lubrication 14 Modeling Real Engine Flow and Combustion Processes 15 Engine Operating Characteristics Appendixes

14,372 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper evaluates several approaches to allow the relative potency of the different PAHs to be considered in a site-specific risk assessment and presents a modified version that it feels more accurately reflects the state of knowledge on the Relative potency of these compounds.

2,339 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an assessment of the contribution of gaseous and particulate emissions from oceangoing shipping to anthropogenic emissions and air quality, and assess the degradation in human health and climate change created by these emissions.

739 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an eight-stage cascade impactor with cut sizes ranging from 0.056 to 18 μm at a flow rate of 30 L/min was developed, calibrated, and tested in field programs.
Abstract: An eight-stage cascade impactor, with cut-sizes ranging from 0.056 to 18 μm at a flow rate of 30 L/min, has been developed, calibrated, and tested in field programs. This impactor, called a microorifice uniform deposit impactor, has several features not normally found in cascade impactors. Ultrafine particles as small as 0.056 μm are collected while keeping the pressure drop moderate by utilizing multiple nozzles (up to 2000) as small as 52 μm in diameter. At each stage the collected particles are deposited uniformly over the entire impaction plate by rotating the impaction plate relative to the nozzles and by the correct radial placement of the nozzles. The particle cutoff characteristics (collection efficiency curves) of each stage and interstage losses were determined by means of monodisperse aerosols. The cutoff characteristics were found to be sharp and similar for all stages. This is Publication No. 758 from the Particle Technology Laboratory.

642 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, on-road emissions from four, heavy-duty diesel truck engines were measured and the same engines were reevaluated in the manufacturers' laboratories, showing that nuclei mode particles consisted mainly of heavy hydrocarbons.

389 citations

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