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Chemistry of Plant Natural Products

About: The article was published on 2015-01-01. It has received 39 citations till now.
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review provides an update on papers describing dibenzofurans from lichens, ascomycetes and cultured mycobionts.

48 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Given the growing clinical importance of anti-M deliriant hallucinogens, the use and abuse, clinical importance, and the growing value in preclinical (experimental) animal models relevant to modeling CNS functions and dysfunctions are discussed.
Abstract: Anticholinergic drugs based on tropane alkaloids, including atropine, scopolamine, and hyoscyamine, have been used for various medicinal and toxic purposes for millennia. These drugs are competitive antagonists of acetylcholine muscarinic (M-) receptors that potently modulate the central nervous system (CNS). Currently used clinically to treat vomiting, nausea, and bradycardia, as well as alongside other anesthetics to avoid vagal inhibition, these drugs also evoke potent psychotropic effects, including characteristic delirium-like states with hallucinations, altered mood, and cognitive deficits. Given the growing clinical importance of anti-M deliriant hallucinogens, here we discuss their use and abuse, clinical importance, and the growing value in preclinical (experimental) animal models relevant to modeling CNS functions and dysfunctions.

41 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
04 Feb 2017-Planta
TL;DR: The idea that diosgenin is biosynthesized from cycloartenol via cholesterol is supported, this is the first report on the next-generation sequencing of cDNA-RDA products.
Abstract: Main conclusion Representational difference analysis of cDNA was performed and differential products were sequenced and annotated. Candidate genes involved in biosynthesis of diosgenin in fenugreek were identified. Detailed mechanism of diosgenin synthesis was proposed. Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) is a valuable medicinal and crop plant. It belongs to Fabaceae family and has a unique potential to synthesize valuable steroidal saponins, e.g., diosgenin. Elicitation (methyl jasmonate) and precursor feeding (cholesterol and squalene) were used to enhance the content of sterols and steroidal sapogenins in in vitro grown plants for representational difference analysis of cDNA (cDNA-RDA). To identify candidate genes involved in diosgenin biosynthesis, differential, factor-specific libraries were subject to the next-generation sequencing. Approximately 9.9 million reads were obtained, trimmed, and assembled into 31,491 unigenes with an average length of 291 bp. Then, functional annotation and gene ontogeny enrichment analysis was performed by aligning all-unigenes with public databases. Within the transcripts related to sterol and steroidal saponin biosynthesis, we discovered novel candidate genes of diosgenin biosynthesis and validated their expression using quantitative RT-PCR analysis. Based on these findings, we supported the idea that diosgenin is biosynthesized from cycloartenol via cholesterol. This is the first report on the next-generation sequencing of cDNA-RDA products. Analysis of the transcriptomes enriched in low copy sequences contributed substantially to our understanding of the biochemical pathways of steroid synthesis in fenugreek.

40 citations


Cites background from "Chemistry of Plant Natural Products..."

  • ...Biosynthesis of cholesterol from cycloartenol in plants was also recently proposed by Talapatra and Talapatra (2015)....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A hybrid organo- and biocatalytic system for the asymmetric conversion of racemic alcohols into amines was developed and successfully applied to conventional secondary alcohols and sterically hindered β-substituted cycloalkanols.
Abstract: A hybrid organo- and biocatalytic system for the asymmetric conversion of racemic alcohols into amines was developed. Combining an organocatalyst, AZADO, an oxidant, NaOCl, and an enzyme, ω-transaminase, we implemented a one-pot oxidation–transamination sequential process in aqueous medium. The method showed broad substrate scope and was successfully applied to conventional secondary alcohols and sterically hindered β-substituted cycloalkanols, where a highly stereoselective dynamic asymmetric bioamination enabled us to set up both contiguous stereocenters with very high enantio- and diastereomeric ratio (>90% yield, >99% ee, and up to 49:1 dr).

37 citations