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Proceedings ArticleDOI

Chick clique: persuasive technology to motivate teenage girls to exercise

21 Apr 2006-pp 1873-1878
TL;DR: The intent of Chick Clique is to provide information at opportune times in order to modify the behaviors of girls and ultimately lead to improved health habits.
Abstract: We are developing a preventative health cell phone application that helps motivate teenage girls to exercise by exploiting their social desire to stay connected with their peers. We targeted girls because they are more likely to become less active throughout adolescence and are more likely to use dangerous techniques for losing weight. The intent of Chick Clique is to provide information at opportune times in order to modify the behaviors of girls and ultimately lead to improved health habits. Our study investigated how collecting, sharing and comparing personal fitness information impacts activity level and health awareness.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The process of designing and evaluating persuasive systems is discussed and what kind of content and software functionality may be found in the final product is described, as well as seven underlying postulates behind persuasive systems and ways to analyze the persuasion context.
Abstract: A growing number of information technology systems and services are being developed to change users’ attitudes or behavior or both. Despite the fact that attitudinal theories from social psychology have been quite extensively applied to the study of user intentions and behavior, these theories have been developed for predicting user acceptance of the information technology rather than for providing systematic analysis and design methods for developing persuasive software solutions. This article is conceptual and theory-creating by its nature, suggesting a framework for Persuasive Systems Design (PSD). It discusses the process of designing and evaluating persuasive systems and describes what kind of content and software functionality may be found in the final product. It also highlights seven underlying postulates behind persuasive systems and ways to analyze the persuasion context (the intent, the event, and the strategy). The article further lists 28 design principles for persuasive system content and functionality, describing example software requirements and implementations. Some of the design principles are novel. Moreover, a new categorization of these principles is proposed, consisting of the primary task, dialogue, system credibility, and social support categories.

1,422 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
06 Apr 2008
TL;DR: This work has developed a system, UbiFit Garden, which uses on-body sensing and activity inference and a personal, mobile display to encourage physical activity to address the growing rate of sedentary lifestyles.
Abstract: Recent advances in small inexpensive sensors, low-power processing, and activity modeling have enabled applications that use on-body sensing and machine learning to infer people's activities throughout everyday life. To address the growing rate of sedentary lifestyles, we have developed a system, UbiFit Garden, which uses these technologies and a personal, mobile display to encourage physical activity. We conducted a 3-week field trial in which 12 participants used the system and report findings focusing on their experiences with the sensing and activity inference. We discuss key implications for systems that use on-body sensing and activity inference to encourage physical activity.

1,173 citations


Cites background from "Chick clique: persuasive technology..."

  • ...In Houston [5] and Chick Clique [21], small groups of users share their step counts and progress toward daily step count goals with each other via their mobile phones....

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  • ...For example, encouraging and accounting for a range of physical activities and allowing the user to correct inference mistakes (per recommendations from Houston), prompting the user to engage with the system (as done by Houston), using non­literal, understandable, aesthetic representations of behavior (as done by Fish n Steps), providing trending information (as done by Fish n Steps, Houston, and Shakra), providing positive reinforcement rather than punishment (drawing from Houston s success and problems found by Fish n Steps), providing frequent opportunities for self-reflection (similar to Houston, Chick Clique, and Shakra), and integrating use into everyday life (all projects)....

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  • ...Toscos, T., Faber, A., An, S., & Gandhi, M.P. Chick Clique: Persuasive Technology to Motivate Teenage Girls to Exercise....

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  • ...In Houston [5] and Chick Clique [21], small groups of users share their step counts and progress toward daily step count goals with each other via their mobile phones....

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  • ...Shakra employed ideas similar to Houston and Chick Clique, where groups of users exchange physical activity information via mobile phones....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Using intervention characteristics and persuasive technology elements, a substantial amount of variance in adherence can be explained and can be used to make an informed decision about how to design a web-based intervention to which patients are more likely to adhere.
Abstract: Background: Although web-based interventions for promoting health and health-related behavior can be effective, poor adherence is a common issue that needs to be addressed Technology as a means to communicate the content in web-based interventions has been neglected in research Indeed, technology is often seen as a black-box, a mere tool that has no effect or value and serves only as a vehicle to deliver intervention content In this paper we examine technology from a holistic perspective We see it as a vital and inseparable aspect of web-based interventions to help explain and understand adherence Objective: This study aims to review the literature on web-based health interventions to investigate whether intervention characteristics and persuasive design affect adherence to a web-based intervention Methods: We conducted a systematic review of studies into web-based health interventions Per intervention, intervention characteristics, persuasive technology elements and adherence were coded We performed a multiple regression analysis to investigate whether these variables could predict adherence Results: We included 101 articles on 83 interventions The typical web-based intervention is meant to be used once a week, is modular in set-up, is updated once a week, lasts for 10 weeks, includes interaction with the system and a counselor and peers on the web, includes some persuasive technology elements, and about 50% of the participants adhere to the intervention Regarding persuasive technology, we see that primary task support elements are most commonly employed (mean 29 out of a possible 70) Dialogue support and social support are less commonly employed (mean 15 and 12 out of a possible 70, respectively) When comparing the interventions of the different health care areas, we find significant differences in intended usage (p = 004), setup (p < 001), updates (p < 001), frequency of interaction with a counselor (p < 001), the system (p = 003) and peers (p = 017), duration (F = 6068, p = 004), adherence (F = 4833, p = 010) and the number of primary task support elements (F = 5631, p = 005) Our final regression model explained 55% of the variance in adherence In this model, a RCT study as opposed to an observational study, increased interaction with a counselor, more frequent intended usage, more frequent updates and more extensive employment of dialogue support significantly predicted better adherence Conclusions: Using intervention characteristics and persuasive technology elements, a substantial amount of variance in adherence can be explained Although there are differences between health care areas on intervention characteristics, health care area per se does not predict adherence Rather, the differences in technology and interaction predict adherence The results of this study can be used to make an informed decision about how to design a web-based intervention to which patients are more likely to adhere

1,025 citations


Cites background from "Chick clique: persuasive technology..."

  • ...This approach has been recommended in recent literature [10, 11, 13, 23] and has been the key point in the field of persuasive technology [24], where there are examples of studies on the persuasive capacities of technology to support web-based interventions in the health care domain [25-28]....

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Book ChapterDOI
Yvonne Rogers1
17 Sep 2006
TL;DR: It is described how pervasive technologies can be added to the mix, outlining three areas of practice where there is much potential for professionals and laypeople alike to combine, adapt and use them in creative and constructive ways.
Abstract: A motivation behind much UbiComp research has been to make our lives convenient, comfortable and informed, following in the footsteps of Weiser's calm computing vision. Three themes that have dominated are context awareness, ambient intelligence and monitoring/tracking. While these avenues of research have been fruitful their accomplishments do not match up to anything like Weiser's world. This paper discusses why this is so and argues that is time for a change of direction in the field. An alternative agenda is outlined that focuses on engaging rather than calming people. Humans are very resourceful at exploiting their environments and extending their capabilities using existing strategies and tools. I describe how pervasive technologies can be added to the mix, outlining three areas of practice where there is much potential for professionals and laypeople alike to combine, adapt and use them in creative and constructive ways.

455 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
26 Apr 2014
TL;DR: A study with 30 participants who had adopted wearable activity-tracking devices of their own volition and had continued to use them for between 3 and 54 months paints a picture of the evolving benefits and practices surrounding these emerging technologies over long periods of use.
Abstract: Persuasive technology to motivate healthy behavior is a growing area of research within HCI and ubiquitous computing. The emergence of commercial wearable devices for tracking health- and fitness-related activities arguably represents the first widespread adoption of dedicated ubiquitous persuasive technology. The recent ubiquity of commercial systems allows us to learn about their value and use in truly "in the wild" contexts and understand how practices evolve over long-term, naturalistic use. We present a study with 30 participants who had adopted wearable activity-tracking devices of their own volition and had continued to use them for between 3 and 54 months. The findings, which both support and contrast with those of previous research, paint a picture of the evolving benefits and practices surrounding these emerging technologies over long periods of use. They also serve as the basis for design implications for personal informatics technologies for long-term health and fitness support.

396 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
16 Jun 2004-JAMA
TL;DR: The NHANES results indicate continuing disparities by sex and between racial/ethnic groups in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults and overweight among children, using the most recent national data of height and weight measurements.
Abstract: ContextThe prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased markedly in the last 2 decades in the United States.ObjectiveTo update the US prevalence estimates of overweight in children and obesity in adults, using the most recent national data of height and weight measurements.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsAs part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a complex multistage probability sample of the US noninstitutionalized civilian population, both height and weight measurements were obtained from 4115 adults and 4018 children in 1999-2000 and from 4390 adults and 4258 children in 2001-2002.Main Outcome MeasurePrevalence of overweight (body mass index [BMI] ≥95th percentile of the sex-specific BMI-for-age growth chart) among children and prevalence of overweight (BMI, 25.0-29.9), obesity (BMI ≥30.0), and extreme obesity (BMI ≥40.0) among adults by sex, age, and racial/ethnic group.ResultsBetween 1999-2000 and 2001-2002, there were no significant changes among adults in the prevalence of overweight or obesity (64.5% vs 65.7%), obesity (30.5% vs 30.6%), or extreme obesity (4.7% vs 5.1%), or among children aged 6 through 19 years in the prevalence of at risk for overweight or overweight (29.9% vs 31.5%) or overweight (15.0% vs 16.5%). Overall, among adults aged at least 20 years in 1999-2002, 65.1% were overweight or obese, 30.4% were obese, and 4.9% were extremely obese. Among children aged 6 through 19 years in 1999-2002, 31.0% were at risk for overweight or overweight and 16.0% were overweight. The NHANES results indicate continuing disparities by sex and between racial/ethnic groups in the prevalence of overweight and obesity.ConclusionsThere is no indication that the prevalence of obesity among adults and overweight among children is decreasing. The high levels of overweight among children and obesity among adults remain a major public health concern.

4,559 citations


"Chick clique: persuasive technology..." refers background in this paper

  • ...The trends for adolescents are of notable concern because overweight adolescents are at an increased risk of becoming overweight or obese adults [8, 10]....

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Book
30 Dec 2002
TL;DR: Mother Nature knows best--How engineered organizations of the future will resemble natural-born systems.
Abstract: Mother Nature knows best--How engineered organizations of the future will resemble natural-born systems.

3,754 citations

Book
01 Jan 2003
TL;DR: Fogg has coined the phrase Captology (an acronym for computers as persuasive technologies) to capture the domain of research, design, and applications of persuasive computers as mentioned in this paper, and has revealed how Web sites, software applications, and mobile devices can be used to change people's attitudes and behavior.
Abstract: Can computers change what you think and do? Can they motivate you to stop smoking, persuade you to buy insurance, or convince you to join the Army? Yes, they can, says Dr. B.J. Fogg, director of the Persuasive Technology Lab at Stanford University. Fogg has coined the phrase Captology (an acronym for computers as persuasive technologies) to capture the domain of research, design, and applications of persuasive computers.In this thought-provoking book, based on nine years of research in captology, Dr. Fogg reveals how Web sites, software applications, and mobile devices can be used to change people's attitudes and behavior. Technology designers, marketers, researchers, consumers anyone who wants to leverage or simply understand the persuasive power of interactive technology will appreciate the compelling insights and illuminating examples found inside. Persuasive technology can be controversial and it should be. Who will wield this power of digital influence? And to what end? Now is the time to survey the issues and explore the principles of persuasive technology, and B.J. Fogg has written this book to be your guide. * Filled with key term definitions in persuasive computing *Provides frameworks for understanding this domain *Describes real examples of persuasive technologies

2,307 citations

01 Jan 1999
TL;DR: In this article, Planet Health sessions were included within existing curricula using classroom teachers in 4 major subjects and physical education, focusing on decreasing television viewing, decreasing consumption of high-fat foods, increasing fruit and vegetable intake, and increasing moderate and vigorous physical activity.
Abstract: Intervention: Students participated in a school-based interdisciplinary intervention over 2 school years. Planet Health sessions were included within existing curricula using classroom teachers in 4 major subjects and physical education. Sessions focused on decreasing television viewing, decreasing consumption of high-fat foods, increasing fruit and vegetable intake, and increasing moderate and vigorous physical activity.

1,359 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Planet Health decreased obesity among female students, indicating a promising school-based approach to reducing obesity among youth.
Abstract: Objective To evaluate the impact of a school-based health behavior intervention known as Planet Health on obesity among boys and girls in grades 6 to 8. Design Randomized, controlled field trial with 5 intervention and 5 control schools. Outcomes were assessed using preintervention (fall 1995) and follow-up measures (spring 1997), including prevalence, incidence, and remission of obesity. Participants A group of 1295 ethnically diverse grade 6 and 7 students from public schools in 4 Massachusetts communities. Intervention Students participated in a school-based interdisciplinary intervention over 2 school years. Planet Health sessions were included within existing curricula using classroom teachers in 4 major subjects and physical education. Sessions focused on decreasing television viewing, decreasing consumption of high-fat foods, increasing fruit and vegetable intake, and increasing moderate and vigorous physical activity. Main Outcome Measures Obesity was defined as a composite indicator based on both a body mass index and a triceps skinfold value greater than or equal to age- and sex-specific 85th percentiles. Because schools were randomized, rather than students, the generalized estimating equation method was used to adjust for individual-level covariates under cluster randomization. Results The prevalence of obesity among girls in intervention schools was reduced compared with controls, controlling for baseline obesity (odds ratio, 0.47; 95% confidence interval, 0.24-0.93; P = .03), with no differences found among boys. There was greater remission of obesity among intervention girls vs control girls (odds ratio, 2.16; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-4.35; P = .04). The intervention reduced television hours among both girls and boys, and increased fruit and vegetable consumption and resulted in a smaller increment in total energy intake among girls. Reductions in television viewing predicted obesity change and mediated the intervention effect. Among girls, each hour of reduction in television viewing predicted reduced obesity prevalence (odds ratio, 0.85; 95% confidence interval, 0.75-0.97; P = .02). Conclusion Planet Health decreased obesity among female students, indicating a promising school-based approach to reducing obesity among youth.

1,299 citations


"Chick clique: persuasive technology..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Chick Clique: Persuasive Technology to Motivate Teenage Girls to Exercise Tammy Toscos Indiana University School of Informatics Bloomington, IN 47408 ttoscos@indiana.edu Anne Faber Indiana University Department of Computer Science Bloomington, IN 47408 anmcleve@indiana.edu Shunying An Indiana University School of Informatics Bloomington, IN 47408 san@indiana.edu Mona Praful Gandhi Indiana University Department of Computer Science Bloomington, IN 47408 mpgandhi@indiana.edu Copyright is held by the author/owner(s)....

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  • ...…Science Bloomington, IN 47408 anmcleve@indiana.edu Shunying An Indiana University School of Informatics Bloomington, IN 47408 san@indiana.edu Mona Praful Gandhi Indiana University Department of Computer Science Bloomington, IN 47408 mpgandhi@indiana.edu Copyright is held by the author/owner(s)....

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