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Journal ArticleDOI

China-Pakistan Economic Corridor: a gateway to sustainable economic development

30 May 2018-International Journal of Social Economics (Emerald Publishing Limited)-Vol. 45, Iss: 6, pp 909-924
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the available literature to assess the role of CPEC in the sustainable economic development of Pakistan is presented, which indicates that CPEC is an ambitious development project because it needs a larger restructuring of the economy of Pakistan and it will be productive with the successful blend of policy changes and participation of the business community.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to discuss positive spillovers of this project, especially for Pakistan because the majority of the literature discusses challenges associated with China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC).,This study reviews the available literature to assess the role of CPEC in the sustainable economic development of Pakistan.,This study indicates that CPEC is an ambitious development project because it needs a larger restructuring of the economy of Pakistan and it will be productive with the successful blend of policy changes and participation of the business community in Pakistan. This project primarily creates a huge amount of foreign direct investment for Pakistan, at the same time, it will also create greater trade opportunities to China by giving access to a new market for its trading goods.,This study established that CPEC will improve the economic growth and trade, enhance regional connectivity, overcome energy crises, develop infrastructure and establish people-to-people contacts in both the countries, which will further help to improve the tourism sector.
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Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: In this article, a conceptual model of sustainable development by public-private partnership is presented, which can be used as a conceptual basis and framework practical guide for application of PPP as a mechanism for sustainable development.
Abstract: While the obstacles to supporting sustainable development include financial barriers, the goals of sustainable development are being pursued by separate small-scale and narrow private entrepreneurial initiatives within corporate responsibility and own commercial interests and by strictly limited (due to a deficit of financial resources) and ineffective (due to the inflexibility of management) national initiatives in the public interest. Our working hypothesis is that public–private partnership is a perspective mechanism of financing sustainable development, as it allows for harmonizing private and public interests, unifying entrepreneurial and government investments, and developing highly effective and full-scale implementation of initiatives in the sphere of sustainable development. We substantiate and develop practical recommendations for successful usage of public–private partnership as a mechanism of financing sustainable development. Flexibility and variability of the mechanism of public–private partnership ensures its applicability to any project in the sphere of sustainable development. A proprietary conceptual model of financing sustainable development by public–private partnership offers practical solutions to become a conceptual basis and framework practical guide for application of public–private partnership as a mechanism of financing sustainable development.

115 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
30 May 2021
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated Sindh Engro coal mining's impact on environmental sustainability and human needs and interest, and found that coal mining is potentially unsustainable for the environment and toxic gases (methane, carbon dioxide, sulfur, etc.) are released during operational activities.
Abstract: The mining industry plays a significant role in economic growth and development. Coal is a viable renewable energy source with 185.175 billion deposits in Thar, which has not been deeply explored. Although coal is an energy source and contributes to economic development, it puts pressure on environmental sustainability. The current study investigates Sindh Engro coal mining’s impact on environmental sustainability and human needs and interest. The Folchi and Phillips Environmental Sustainability Mathematics models are employed to measure environmental sustainability. The research findings demonstrated that Sindh Engro coal mining is potentially unsustainable for the environment. The toxic gases (methane, carbon dioxide, sulfur, etc.) are released during operational activities. The four significant environment spheres (atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and lithosphere) are negatively influenced by Thar coal mining. The second part of the analysis results shows that human needs and interests have a positive and significant relationship except for human health and safety with Sindh Engro coal mining. Environmental pollution can be controlled by utilizing environmentally friendly coal mining operations and technologies. Plantation and ecological normalization can protect the species, flora, and fauna of the Thar Desert. The government of Pakistan and the provincial government of Sind should strictly check the adaptation of environmental standards. Furthermore, the researchers should explore the environmental issues and solutions so that coal mining becomes a cost-efficient and environmental-friendly energy source in Pakistan.

42 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , a framework for tapping indigenous alternate energy resources to address growing natural gas crisis in Pakistan for sustainable energy security is provided, which may aid in understanding the value of oil, energy protection, and natural gas scarcity in Pakistan, the impact of gas shortages on energy security, syngas as a natural gas substitute, syNGas production through coal gasification technology, coal gasifiers as a high-performance low-emission solution, and synggas applications for long-term energy security.
Abstract: Energy security necessitates the continuous availability of sufficient supply in different forms at economical prices. Energy security is a priority for states like Pakistan since it is a prerequisite for socioeconomic development. Pakistan's electricity demand is gradually increasing, and the country is being challenged with significant natural gas supply-demand deficit. Thar fossil fuel reserves, mostly coal reserves will play a critical role in meeting energy needs for decades. This study aimed to provide framework for tapping indigenous alternate energy resources to address growing natural gas crisis in Pakistan for sustainable energy security. This study may aid in understanding the value of oil, energy protection, and natural gas scarcity in Pakistan, the impact of gas shortages on energy security, syngas as a natural gas substitute, syngas production through coal gasification technology, coal gasification as a high-performance low-emission solution, and syngas applications for long-term energy security.

38 citations

References
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ReportDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the stock of human capital determines the rate of growth, that too little human capital is devoted to research in equilibrium, that integration into world markets will increase growth rates, and that having a large population is not sufficient to generate growth.
Abstract: Growth in this model is driven by technological change that arises from intentional investment decisions made by profit-maximizing agents. The distinguishing feature of the technology as an input is that it is neither a conventional good nor a public good; it is a nonrival, partially excludable good. Because of the nonconvexity introduced by a nonrival good, price-taking competition cannot be supported. Instead, the equilibrium is one with monopolistic competition. The main conclusions are that the stock of human capital determines the rate of growth, that too little human capital is devoted to research in equilibrium, that integration into world markets will increase growth rates, and that having a large population is not sufficient to generate growth.

12,469 citations

Posted Content
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the stock of human capital determines the rate of growth, that too little human capital is devoted to research in equilibrium, that integration into world markets will increase growth rates, and that having a large population is not sufficient to generate growth.
Abstract: Growth in this model is driven by technological change that arises from intentional investment decisions made by profit maximizing agents. The distinguishing feature of the technology as an input is that it is neither a conventional good nor a public good; it is a nonrival, partially excludable good. Because of the nonconvexity introduced by a nonrival good, price-taking competition cannot be supported, and instead, the equilibriumis one with monopolistic competition. The main conclusions are that the stock of human capital determines the rate of growth, that too little human capital is devoted to research in equilibrium, that integration into world markets will increase growth rates, and that having a large population is not sufficient to generate growth.

11,095 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of FDI on economic growth in a cross-country regression framework was investigated. And they found that FDI contributes to economic growth only when a sufficient absorptive capability of the advanced technologies is available in the host economy.

4,268 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the dependence of transport costs on geography and infrastructure and found that poor infrastructure is an important determinant of transportation costs, especially for landlocked countries.
Abstract: The authors use different data sets to investigate the dependence of transport costs on geography and infrastructure. Infrastructure is an important determinant of transport costs, especially for landlocked countries. Analysis of bilateral trade data confirms the importance of infrastructure and gives an estimate of the elasticity of trade flows with respect to the trade cost factor of around-3. A deterioration of infrastructure from the median to the 75th percentile raises transport costs by 12 percentage points and reduces trade volumes by 28 percent. Analysis of African trade flows indicates that their relatively low level is largely due to poor infrastructure.

1,707 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article examined the role of foreign direct investment in the growth process in the context of developing countries characterized by differing trade policy regimes, and found that the beneficial effect of FDI, in terms of enhanced economic growth, is stronger in those countries that pursue all outwardly oriented trade policy than it is in countries adopting an inwardly oriented policy.
Abstract: This paper examines, within a new growth theory framework, the role that foreign direct investment plays in the growth process in the context of developing countries characterized by differing trade policy regimes. The paper tests, using cross-section data relating to a sample of forty-six developing countries, the hypothesis advanced by Jagdish Bhagwati, according to which the beneficial effect of foreign direct investment, in terms of enhanced economic growth, is stronger in those countries that pursue all outwardly oriented trade policy than it is in those countries adopting an inwardly oriented policy. Copyright 1996 by Royal Economic Society.

1,578 citations