Chitin and chitosan: Properties and applications

doi:10.1016/J.PROGPOLYMSCI.2006.06.001

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Chitin and chitosan: Properties and applications

Journal Article•DOI•

Chitin and chitosan: Properties and applications

Marguerite Rinaudo¹•Institutions (1)

Joseph Fourier University¹

01 Jul 2006-Progress in Polymer Science (PROGRESS IN POLYMER SCIENCE)-Vol. 31, Iss: 7, pp 603-632

TL;DR: Chitin is the second most important natural polymer in the world as mentioned in this paper, and the main sources of chitin are two marine crustaceans, shrimp and crabs, which are used for food, cosmetics, biomedical and pharmaceutical applications.

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About: This article is published in Progress in Polymer Science.The article was published on 2006-07-01. It has received 6365 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Chitin nanofibril.

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Journal Article•DOI•

Alginate: properties and biomedical applications

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Kuen Yong Lee¹, David J. Mooney¹•Institutions (1)

Harvard University¹

01 Jan 2012-Progress in Polymer Science

TL;DR: This review will provide a comprehensive overview of general properties of alginate and its hydrogels, their biomedical applications, and suggest new perspectives for future studies with these polymers.

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5,372 citations

Cites background from "Chitin and chitosan: Properties and..."

...Chitosan is a cationic polymer and has been widely used in the areas of food, cosmetics, biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, [68], due to its biocompatibility and other favorable properties....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Chitin and chitosan polymers: Chemistry, solubility and fiber formation

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C.K.S. Pillai¹, Willi Paul¹, Chandra P. Sharma¹•Institutions (1)

Sree Chitra Thirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology¹

01 Jul 2009-Progress in Polymer Science

TL;DR: In this paper, a review discusses the various attempts reported on solving this problem from the point of view of the chemistry and the structure of these polymers highlighting the drawbacks and advantages of each method and proposes that based on considerations of structure-property relations, it is possible to obtain chitin fibers with improved strength by making use of their nanostructures and/or mesophase properties of chitins.

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2,278 citations

Cites background from "Chitin and chitosan: Properties and..."

...These aspects make evident the insolubility and intractability of chitin [6]....
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...cult parameter to control as it involves a complex array of ontrolling factors [6]....
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...Due to the intractability and insolubility of chitin [6,42,43], attention has been given to CSwith regard to developing derivatives withwell-defined molecular architectures having advanced properties and functions....
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...Being considered to be materials of great futuristic potential with immense possibilities for structural modifications to impart desired properties and functions, research and development work on chitin and CS have reached a status of intense activities in many parts of the world [4–6]....
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...It is now well established that the difficulty in solubilization of chitin results mainly from the highly extended hydrogen bonded semi-crystalline structure of chitin [6,14,42–44]....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Biological materials: Structure and mechanical properties

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Marc A. Meyers¹, Po-Yu Chen¹, Albert Lin¹, Yasuaki Seki¹•Institutions (1)

University of California, San Diego¹

01 Jan 2008-Progress in Materials Science

TL;DR: In this article, the basic building blocks are described, starting with the 20 amino acids and proceeding to polypeptides, polysaccharides, and polyprotein-saccharide.

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2,074 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Application of chitosan, a natural aminopolysaccharide, for dye removal from aqueous solutions by adsorption processes using batch studies: A review of recent literature

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Grégorio Crini¹, Pierre-Marie Badot¹•Institutions (1)

University of Franche-Comté¹

01 Apr 2008-Progress in Polymer Science

TL;DR: A review of the use of chitosan and its grafted and crosslinked derivatives for dye removal from aqueous solutions can be found in this paper, which summarizes the key advances and results that have been obtained in their decolorizing application as biosorbents.

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1,974 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Chitosan-based biomaterials for tissue engineering

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Florence Croisier¹, Christine Jérôme¹•Institutions (1)

University of Liège¹

01 Apr 2013-European Polymer Journal

TL;DR: The preparation and properties of innovative chitosan-based biomaterials, with respect to their future applications, are highlighted, with a special focus on wound healing application.

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1,694 citations

Cites background or methods from "Chitin and chitosan: Properties and..."

...Interestingly, the aqueous solubility of chitosan is pHdependent allowing processability under mild conditions [4], which opens prospects to a wide range of applications, particularly in the field of cosmetics [2]....
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...Chitosan is a linear, semi-crystalline polysaccharide composed of (1 ? 4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-glucan (N-acetyl D-glucosamine) and (1 ? 4)-2-amino-2-deoxyb-D-glucan (D-glucosamine) units [2]....
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...Considering all the aforementioned properties, it is not surprising that chitosan was, is and will be tested in many biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, notably for sutures, dental and bone implants and as artificial skin [2]....
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...Different methods including pH-potentiometric titration, IR-spectroscopy, (1)H NMR spectroscopy, but also UV-spectroscopy, colloidal titration and enzymatic degradation are reported in the literature for the determination of chitosan deacetylation degree [17], while its molecular mass is typically deduced from viscosimetry or determined by size exclusion chromatography [2]....
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...After cellulose, chitin is the second most abundant biopolymer [2] and is commonly found in invertebrates – as crustacean shells or insect cuticles – but also in some mushrooms envelopes, green algae cell walls, and yeasts [7–9]....
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References

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Journal Article•DOI•

Intrinsic Viscosity of Wormlike Chains. Determination of the Shift Factor

[...]

Hiromi Yamakawa, Motoharu Fujii

01 Jan 1974-Macromolecules

482 citations

"Chitin and chitosan: Properties and..." refers methods in this paper

...15 [100] from hydrodynamic analysis and the Yamakawa–Fujii approach [137], 8 nm [123] from a combination of SEC experiments and the Odijk treatment[134], then 35 nm for chitin and 22 nm for chitosan (DAE0....
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Journal Article•DOI•

The hydrolysis of chitin by concentrated hydrochloric acid, and the preparation of low-molecular-weight substrates for lysozyme.

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J.A. Rupley¹•Institutions (1)

University of Arizona¹

01 Nov 1964-Biochimica et Biophysica Acta

TL;DR: Experiments studying the lysozyme-catalyzed hydrolysis of these oligosaccharides showed a large effect of chain length upon the rate of Hydrolysis, and no effect of ionic strength.

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469 citations

"Chitin and chitosan: Properties and..." refers background in this paper

...Chitin is partially degraded by acid to obtain series of oligochitins [47,78]....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Oligogalacturonides and chitosan activate plant defensive genes through the octadecanoid pathway.

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Steven H. Doares¹, Tatjana Syrovets, Elmar W. Weiler, Clarence A. Ryan•Institutions (1)

Washington State University¹

09 May 1995-Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

TL;DR: The cumulative evidence supports a model for the activation of defensive genes in plants in response to insect and pathogen attacks in which various elicitors generated at the attack sites activate the octadecanoid pathway via different recognition events to induce the expression of defensive gene in local and distal tissues of the plants.

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Abstract: Jasmonic acid, synthesized from linolenic acid (the octadecanoid pathway), has been proposed to be part of a signal transduction pathway that mediates the induction of defensive genes in plants in response to oligouronide and polypeptide signals generated by insect and pathogen attacks. We report here that the induction of proteinase inhibitor accumulation in tomato leaves by plant-derived oligogalacturonides and fungal-derived chitosan oligosaccharides is severely reduced by two inhibitors (salicylic acid and diethyldi-thiocarbamic acid) of the octadecanoid pathway, supporting a role for the pathway in signaling by oligosaccharides. Jasmonic acid levels in leaves of tomato plants increased several fold within 2 hr after supplying the polypeptide systemin, oligogalacturonides, or chitosan to the plants through their cut stems, as expected if they utilize the octadecanoid pathway. The time course of jasmonic acid accumulation in tomato leaves in response to wounding was consistent with its proposed role in signaling proteinase inhibitor mRNA and protein synthesis. The cumulative evidence supports a model for the activation of defensive genes in plants in response to insect and pathogen attacks in which various elicitors generated at the attack sites activate the octadecanoid pathway via different recognition events to induce the expression of defensive genes in local and distal tissues of the plants.

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463 citations

Additional excerpts

...A mechanism has been proposed via the ‘‘octadecanoid pathway’’ [241]....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Determination of the Mark-Houwink equation for chitosans with different degrees of deacetylation.

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Wei Wang¹, Shuqin Bo¹, Shuqing Li¹, Wen Qin¹•Institutions (1)

Academia Sinica¹

01 Oct 1991-International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

TL;DR: The values of k and alpha in the Mark-Houwink equation have been determined for chitosans with different degrees of deacetylation (DD) (69, 84, 91 and 100% respectively), in 0.2 M CH3COOH/0.1 MCH3COONa aqueous solution at 30 degrees C by the light scattering method.

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457 citations

"Chitin and chitosan: Properties and..." refers background in this paper

...The decrease of the stiffness of chitosan chain when the DA decreases has been confirmed and analyzed in terms of the destabilization of the local conformation by intra-chain H bonds [139]....
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Book•DOI•

Advances in chitin and chitosan

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Charles J. Brine, Paul A. Sandford, John P. Zikakis, Chitosan

01 Jan 1992

TL;DR: The 5th International Conference on Chitin and Chitosan was held October 17-20, 1991 in Princeton, NJ, U.S.A. as discussed by the authors.

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Abstract: Interest in chitin and chitosan continues to grow globally fueled in large measure by a surging interest in the newly explored biotechnological and enzyme engineering aspects of these biorenewable resources. Testimony to that interest is the continuation in the face of difficult economic times of the series of International Conferences on Chitin and Chitosan which has resulted in this volume. Further evidence comes from the expansion in national diversity among those who were in attendance. This enhanced interest also led to the formation of the American Chitoscience Society, the sponsoring organization for the conference. The 5th International Conference on Chitin and Chitosan was held October 17-20, 1991 in Princeton, NJ, U.S.A. It follows in the proud sequence which began with the 1st Conference in Cambridge, MA, U.S.A. in 1977, continued in Sapporo, Japan in 1982, then in Ancona, Italy in 1985 and once again in Trondheim, Norway in 1988. In spite of a recessionary world economy, the response to the 5th Conference was gratifying with presentations made over 4 days in 10 oral and 2 poster sessions. This volume contains 76 of those papers.

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456 citations