Chlorine-resistance of reverse osmosis (RO) polyamide membranes
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of chlorine species on the performance and characteristics of polyamide (PA) reverse osmosis (RO) membranes is reviewed. And an overview of different modification methods that exist to render PA-membranes more chlorine-resistant is given.
About: This article is published in Progress in Polymer Science.The article was published on 2017-09-01. It has received 195 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Reverse osmosis & Membrane.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a comprehensive summary of the recent development in interfacial photothermal evaporation and to inspire research efforts/translations from laboratory to practical large-scale solar-driven clean water production.
500 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the advantages and limitations of these techniques are discussed and reviewed based on a substantial number of up-to-date literatures, and the efforts made in the novel membrane development, feed water pretreatment, and membrane cleaning are highlighted.
317 citations
TL;DR: A brief history of the development of desalination membranes is presented, the major challenges of the existing TFC membranes are highlighted, and the pros and cons of emerging IP-based fabrication strategies aiming at improving the performance of T FC membranes are discussed.
Abstract: Membrane desalination is a promising technology for addressing the global challenge of water scarcity by augmenting fresh water supply. Continuous progress in this technology relies on development of membrane materials. The state-of-the-art membranes used in a wide range of desalination applications are polyamide thin-film composite (TFC) membranes which are formed by interfacial polymerization (IP). Despite the wide use of such membranes in desalination, their real-world application is still hampered by several technical obstacles. These challenges of the TFC membranes largely stem from the inherent limitations of the polyamide chemistry, as well as the IP reaction mechanisms. In the past decade, we have witnessed substantial progress in the understanding of polyamide formation mechanisms and the development of new IP strategies that can potentially lead to the redesign of TFC membranes. In this Tutorial, we first present a brief history of the development of desalination membranes and highlight the major challenges of the existing TFC membranes. We then proceed to discuss the pros and cons of emerging IP-based fabrication strategies aiming at improving the performance of TFC membranes. Next, we present technical obstacles and recent efforts in the characterization of TFC membranes to enable fundamental understanding of relevant mechanisms. We conclude with a discussion of the current gap between industrial needs and academic research in designing high-performance TFC membranes, and provide an outlook on future research directions for advancing IP-based fabrication processes.
188 citations
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of the membrane development is presented in this paper, which summarizes the current state-of-the-art SWRO membranes, looking at the array of fabrication methods used thus far, and putting into perspective critical strategies to realize the next generation TFC membranes that can address the future demands of SWRO and deliver a more competitive desalination process.
183 citations
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of the recent developments in tannic acid in membrane technologies, including the construction of superhydrophilic and antifouling surfaces and polymer/nanoparticle interfaces with high compatibility and development of thin film composite membranes with high permselectivity is summarized.
132 citations
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TL;DR: The possible reductions in energy demand by state-of-the-art seawater Desalination technologies, the potential role of advanced materials and innovative technologies in improving performance, and the sustainability of desalination as a technological solution to global water shortages are reviewed.
Abstract: In recent years, numerous large-scale seawater desalination plants have been built in water-stressed countries to augment available water resources, and construction of new desalination plants is expected to increase in the near future. Despite major advancements in desalination technologies, seawater desalination is still more energy intensive compared to conventional technologies for the treatment of fresh water. There are also concerns about the potential environmental impacts of large-scale seawater desalination plants. Here, we review the possible reductions in energy demand by state-of-the-art seawater desalination technologies, the potential role of advanced materials and innovative technologies in improving performance, and the sustainability of desalination as a technological solution to global water shortages.
4,840 citations
Book•
16 Dec 1999
TL;DR: Overview of membrane science and technology membrane transport theory membrane and modules concentration polarization reverse osmosis ultrafiltration microfiltration gas separation pervaporation ion exchange membrane processes - electrodialysis carrier facilitated transport medical applications of membranes other membranes processed.
Abstract: Overview of membrane science and technology membrane transport theory membrane and modules concentration polarization reverse osmosis ultrafiltration microfiltration gas separation pervaporation ion exchange membrane processes - electrodialysis carrier facilitated transport medical applications of membranes other membranes processed.
3,680 citations
TL;DR: A review of the field of thin film composite reverse osmosis membranes, with emphasis on the chemistry and composition of these membranes, is given in this article, with particular attention given to composite membranes that have found commercial use, whether in the present or past.
1,627 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a new concept for formation of mixed matrix reverse osmosis membranes by interfacial polymerization of nanocomposite thin films in situ on porous polysulfone supports is reported.
1,104 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a streaming potential analyzer was used to investigate the effect of solution chemistry on the surface charge of four commercial reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes, and the curves of zeta potential versus solution pH for all membranes display a shape characteristic of amphoteric surfaces with acidic and basic functional groups.
948 citations