scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Journal ArticleDOI

Cholesterol-lowering effects of dietary fiber: a meta-analysis

01 Jan 1999-The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (American Society for Nutrition)-Vol. 69, Iss: 1, pp 30-42
TL;DR: A meta-analysis of 67 controlled trials was performed to quantify the cholesterol-lowering effect of major dietary fibers, finding that increasing soluble fiber can make only a small contribution to dietary therapy to lower cholesterol.
About: This article is published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.The article was published on 1999-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 1714 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Blood lipids & Cholesterol.
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
François Mach, Colin Baigent, Alberico L. Catapano, Konstantinos C. Koskinas1, Manuela Casula, Lina Badimon1, M. John Chapman, Guy De Backer, Victoria Delgado, Brian A. Ference, Ian D. Graham, Alison Halliday, Ulf Landmesser, Borislava Mihaylova, Terje R. Pedersen, Gabriele Riccardi, Dimitrios J. Richter, Marc S. Sabatine, Marja-Riitta Taskinen, Lale Tokgozoglu, Olov Wiklund, Christian Mueller, Heinz Drexel, Victor Aboyans, Alberto Corsini, Wolfram Doehner, Michel Farnier, Bruna Gigante, Meral Kayıkçıoğlu, Goran Krstacic, Ekaterini Lambrinou, Basil S. Lewis, Josep Masip, Philippe Moulin, Steffen E. Petersen, Anna Sonia Petronio, Massimo F Piepoli, Xavier Pintó, Lorenz Räber, Kausik K. Ray, Željko Reiner, Walter F Riesen, Marco Roffi, Jean-Paul Schmid, Evgeny Shlyakhto, Iain A. Simpson, Erik S.G. Stroes, Isabella Sudano, Alexandros D Tselepis, Margus Viigimaa, Cecile Vindis, Alexander Vonbank, Michal Vrablik, Mislav Vrsalovic, José Luis Zamorano, Jean-Philippe Collet, Stephan Windecker, Veronica Dean, Donna Fitzsimons, Chris P Gale, Diederick E. Grobbee, Sigrun Halvorsen, Gerhard Hindricks, Bernard Iung, Peter Jüni, Hugo A. Katus, Christophe Leclercq, Maddalena Lettino, Béla Merkely, Miguel Sousa-Uva, Rhian M. Touyz, Djamaleddine Nibouche, Parounak H. Zelveian, Peter Siostrzonek, Ruslan Najafov, Philippe van de Borne, Belma Pojskic, Arman Postadzhiyan, Lambros Kypris, Jindřich Špinar, Mogens Lytken Larsen, Hesham Salah Eldin, Timo E. Strandberg, Jean Ferrières, Rusudan Agladze, Ulrich Laufs, Loukianos S. Rallidis, Laszlo Bajnok, Thorbjorn Gudjonsson, Vincent Maher, Yaakov Henkin, Michele Massimo Gulizia, Aisulu Mussagaliyeva, Gani Bajraktari, Alina Kerimkulova, Gustavs Latkovskis, Omar Hamoui, Rimvydas Šlapikas, Laurent Visser, P. Dingli, Victoria Ivanov, Aneta Boskovic, Mbarek Nazzi, Frank L.J. Visseren, Irena Mitevska, Kjetil Retterstøl, Piotr Jankowski, Ricardo Fontes-Carvalho, Dan Gaita, Marat V. Ezhov, Marina Foscoli, Vojislav Giga, Daniel Pella, Zlatko Fras, Leopoldo Pérez de Isla, Emil Hagström, Roger Lehmann, Leila Abid, Oner Ozdogan, Olena Mitchenko, Riyaz S. Patel 

4,069 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: These Joint ESC/European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) guidelines on the management of dyslipidaemias are complementary to the guidelines on CVD prevention in clinical practice and address not only physicians but also specialists from lipid clinics or metabolic units who are dealing with dyslipIDAemias that are more difficult to classify and treat.

3,281 citations


Cites background from "Cholesterol-lowering effects of die..."

  • ...Dietary fibre (particularly of the soluble type), which is present in legumes, fruit, vegetables, and wholemeal cereals, has a direct hypocholesterolaemic effect.(65) Therefore, carbohydrate foods rich in fibres represent an optimal dietary substitute for saturated fat to maximize the effects of the diet on LDL-C levels and to minimize possible untoward effects of a high carbohydrate diet on other lipoproteins....

    [...]

  • ...Therefore, carbohydrate foods rich in fibres represent an optimal dietary substitute for saturated fat to maximize the effects of the diet on LDL-C levels and to minimize possible untoward effects of a high carbohydrate diet on other lipoproteins.(65) Body weight reduction also influences TC and LDL-C, but the magnitude of the effect is rather small; in grossly obese subjects a drop in LDL-C concentration of 0....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Authors/Task Force Members (François Macha, Colin Baigentb,∗∗,2, Alberico L. Catapanoc), ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG) (Stephan Windeckeraa), ESC National Cardiac Societies (Djamaleddine Nibouchean, Parounak H. Patelcl)

2,972 citations


Cites background from "Cholesterol-lowering effects of die..."

  • ...oats and barley)—has a hypocholesterolaemic effect and represents a good dietary substitute for saturated fat to maximize the effects of the diet on LDL-C levels, and to minimize the untoward effects of a high-carbohydrate diet on other lipoproteins.(140,179) Carbohydrate intake should range between 45 55% of total energy intake, since both higher and lower percentages of carbohydrate diets are associated with increased mortality....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Adhering to these diet and lifestyle recommendations, Americans can substantially reduce their risk of developing cardiovascular disease, which remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States.
Abstract: Improving diet and lifestyle is a critical component of the American Heart Association's strategy for cardiovascular disease risk reduction in the general population. This document presents recommendations designed to meet this objective. Specific goals are to consume an overall healthy diet; aim for a healthy body weight; aim for recommended levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides; aim for normal blood pressure; aim for a normal blood glucose level; be physically active; and avoid use of and exposure to tobacco products. The recommendations are to balance caloric intake and physical activity to achieve and maintain a healthy body weight; consume a diet rich in vegetables and fruits; choose whole-grain, high-fiber foods; consume fish, especially oily fish, at least twice a week; limit intake of saturated fat to 7% of energy, trans fat to 1% of energy, and cholesterol to 300 mg/day by choosing lean meats and vegetable alternatives, fat-free (skim) or low-fat (1% fat) dairy products and minimize intake of partially hydrogenated fats; minimize intake of beverages and foods with added sugars; choose and prepare foods with little or no salt; if you consume alcohol, do so in moderation; and when you eat food prepared outside of the home, follow these Diet and Lifestyle Recommendations. By adhering to these diet and lifestyle recommendations, Americans can substantially reduce their risk of developing cardiovascular disease, which remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. (Circulation. 2006;114:82-96.)

2,769 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Task Force for the Management of Dyslipidaemias of the European Society of Cardiology and European Atherosclerosis Society and EAS and ABI : ankle-brachial index are formed.
Abstract: The Task Force for the Management of Dyslipidaemias of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) Developed with the special contribution of the European Assocciation for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR) ABI : ankle-brachial index

2,358 citations

References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
16 Jun 1993-JAMA
TL;DR: Dairy therapy remains the first line of treatment of high blood cholesterol, and drug therapy is reserved for patients who are considered to be at high risk for CHD, and the fundamental approach to treatment is comparable.
Abstract: THE SECOND report of the Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel II, or ATP II) presents the National Cholesterol Education Program's updated recommendations for cholesterol management. It is similar to the first in general outline, and the fundamental approach to treatment of high blood cholesterol is comparable. This report continues to identify low-density lipoproteins (LDL) as the primary target of cholesterol-lowering therapy. As in the first report, the second report emphasizes the role of the clinical approach in primary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD). Dietary therapy remains the first line of treatment of high blood cholesterol, and drug therapy is reserved for patients who are considered to be at high risk for CHD. However, the second report contains new features that distinguish it from the first. These include the following: Increased emphasis on See also pp 3002 and 3009.

28,495 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the benefit of cholesterol-lowering therapy extends to the majority of patients with coronary disease who have average cholesterol levels and was also greater in patients with higher pretreatment levels of LDL cholesterol.
Abstract: Background In patients with high cholesterol levels, lowering the cholesterol level reduces the risk of coronary events, but the effect of lowering cholesterol levels in the majority of patients with coronary disease, who have average levels, is less clear. Methods In a double-blind trial lasting five years, we administered either 40 mg of pravastatin per day or placebo to 4159 patients (3583 men and 576 women) with myocardial infarction who had plasma total cholesterol levels below 240 mg per deciliter (mean, 209) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels of 115 to 174 mg per deciliter (mean, 139). The primary end point was a fatal coronary event or a nonfatal myocardial infarction. Results The frequency of the primary end point was 10.2 percent in the pravastatin group and 13.2 percent in the placebo group, an absolute difference of 3 percentage points and a 24 percent reduction in risk (95 percent confidence interval, 9 to 36 percent; P = 0.003). Coronary bypass surgery was needed in 7.5 per...

7,272 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A modest intake of fatty fish (two or three portions per week) may reduce mortality in men who have recovered from MI.

2,624 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Risk of coronary heart disease over 14 years was examined prospectively in 2,282 men and 2,845 women according to their antecedent cholesterol and lipoprotein status.
Abstract: Abstract Risk of coronary heart disease over 14 years was examined prospectively in 2,282 men and 2,845 women according to their antecedent cholesterol and lipoprotein status. An increased risk pro...

2,044 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: All fatty acids elevated HDL cholesterol when substituted for carbohydrates, but the effect diminished with increasing unsaturation of the fatty acids, and that for monounsaturates was not.
Abstract: To calculate the effect of changes in carbohydrate and fatty acid intake on serum lipid and lipoprotein levels, we reviewed 27 controlled trials published between 1970 and 1991 that met specific inclusion criteria. These studies yielded 65 data points, which were analyzed by multiple regression analysis using isocaloric exchanges of saturated (sat), monounsaturated (mono), and polyunsaturated (poly) fatty acids versus carbohydrates (carb) as the independent variables. For high density lipoprotein (HDL) we found the following equation: delta HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) = 0.012 x (carb----sat) + 0.009 x (carb----mono) + 0.007 x (carb---- poly) or, in milligrams per deciliter, 0.47 x (carb----sat) + 0.34 x (carb----mono) + 0.28 x (carb----poly). Expressions in parentheses denote the percentage of daily energy intake from carbohydrates that is replaced by saturated, cis-monounsaturated, or polyunsaturated fatty acids. All fatty acids elevated HDL cholesterol when substituted for carbohydrates, but the effect diminished with increasing unsaturation of the fatty acids. For low density lipoprotein (LDL) the equation was delta LDL cholesterol (mmol/l) = 0.033 x (carb----sat) - 0.006 x (carb----mono) - 0.014 x (carb----poly) or, in milligrams per deciliter, 1.28 x (carb----sat) - 0.24 x (carb----mono) - 0.55 x (carb---- poly). The coefficient for polyunsaturates was significantly different from zero, but that for monounsaturates was not. For triglycerides the equation was delta triglycerides (mmol/l) = -0.025 x (carb----sat) - 0.022 x (carb----mono) - 0.028 x (carb---- poly) or, in milligrams per deciliter, -2.22 x (carb----sat) - 1.99 x (carb----mono) - 2.47 x (carb----poly).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

1,454 citations

Related Papers (5)
Trending Questions (2)
Does oatmeal reduce for cholesterol? any meta analysis?

Yes, according to the meta-analysis, soluble fiber from oat products can significantly lower total cholesterol.

Do Fiber Gummies make you feel bloated?

Increasing soluble fiber can make only a small contribution to dietary therapy to lower cholesterol.