Chromatographic investigation of the component glycerides of kusum oil
About: This article is published in Journal of Chromatography A.The article was published on 1969-01-01. It has received 6 citation(s) till now.
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TL;DR: A number of seed oils have been investigated with respect to their cyanolipid constituents as mentioned in this paper, which consist of long-chain fatty acids esterified with an unsaturated isoprenoid hydroxy- or dihydroxynitrile.
Abstract: A number of sapindaceous seed oils have been investigated with respect to their cyanolipid constituents. All but one of the oils have this new class of lipids in amounts ranging from 13% to 55%. These cyanolipids are of four different types, but all consist of long-chain fatty acids esterified with an unsaturated isoprenoid hydroxy- or dihydroxynitrile. The large amounts of C20 acids usually found in these oils indicate an appreciable cyanolipid content because such acids are preferentially incorporated in nitrile-containing fractions.Cardiospermum halicacabum L. seed oil was shown to contain 49% of a diester having two fatty acid moieties esterified with 1-cyano-2-hydroxymethylprop-2-ene-1-ol and 6% of another diester derived from 1-cyano-2-hydroxymethylprop-1-ene-3-ol. Treatment of the latter diester with methanolic hydrogen chloride produces methyl 4,4-dimethoxy-3-(methoxymethyl) butyrate from the dihydroxynitrile moiety.
40 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the performance of kusum oil and the mixed fatty acids thereof from several solvents at various temperatures (+10° C to −60° C) and found that petroleum ether is comparable in efficiency to methanol and superior to both acetone and ethanol in respect of separation of the saturated and unsaturated components of the fatty acid mixture.
Abstract: The crystallizations of the kusum oil and the mixed fatty acids thereof were studied from several solvents at various temperatures (+10° C to −60° C). The results indicate in general that in the range of temperatures studied, petroleum ether as a single solvent is comparable in efficiency to methanol and superior to both acetone and ethanol in respect of separation of the saturated and unsaturated components of the fatty acid mixture. The saturated and unsaturated fractions of the oil also are better separated by petroleum ether than acetone. Further, oleic acid essentially free from linoleic acid is obtainable by a preliminary crystallization of the fatty acid mixture from petroleum ether at ca. −12° C, followed by two additional crystallizations from acetone at ca. −55° C.
Kristallisation des Fettes und der Fettsauren von Schleichera trijuga Samen aus Losungsmitteln
Die Kristallisation des Kusumols und seiner Gesamtfettsauren aus verschiedenen Losungsmitteln bei unterschiedlichen Temperaturen (+10° bis −60° C) wurde untersucht. Es zeigte sich, das zur Trennung der gesattigten von den ungesattigten Fettsauren Petrolather als Losungsmittel ebenso wirksam war wie Methanol und sogar wirksamer als Aceton und Athanol. Ferner lassen sich die gesattigten und ungesattigten Anteile des Oles mit Petrolather besser trennen als mit Aceton. Durch Vorkristallisation der Gesamtfettsauren aus Petrolather bei ca. −12° C und zwei weitere Kristallisationen aus Aceton bei ca. −55° C erhalt man Olsaure, die im wesentlichen frei von Linolsaure ist.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, two lipid fractions (A and B) were isolated from Sapindus mukorossi seed oil by preparative TLC and their fatty acid compositions were determined by GLC.
Abstract: Two lipid fractions ‘A’ and ‘B’ were isolated from Sapindus mukorossi seed oil by preparative TLC. Fraction ‘A’ (70.4%, Rf value 0.76) is a normal triglyceride and its fatty acid compositions was determined by GLC. Fraction ‘B’ (29.6%, Rf value 0.51) shows the presence of nitrogenous constituents. It develops a reddish brown colour in contact with alkali or alkoxide solution. Percentages of individual acids present in fraction ‘A’ were found to be: palmitic, 5.5; stearic, 3.2; oleic, 64.6; linoleic, 2.9; arachidic, 3.1; eicosenoic, 20.1; minor acids, 0.6. Fraction ‘A’ is composed of 0.1,3.6,29.9 and 66.4 percent trisaturated, monounsaturated-disaturated, diunsaturated-monosaturated and triunsaturated glycerides respectively. On GLC analysis, the percentages of individual acids constituting fraction ‘B’ were found to be:palmitic, 3.8; stearic, 1.5; oleic, 33.6; linoleic, 2.9; arachidic, 11.1; eicosenoic, 30.2; behenic, 2.8; docosenoic, 1.4 and two unidentified acids 7.3 and 5.4. Fraction ‘B’ responded to hydrolysis by pancreatic lipase and the product with polarity equivalent to that of 2-mono-glyceride was isolated by TLC and converted to methyl ester. Percentages of individual acids constituting that methyl esters were found to be:palmitic, 11.8; stearic, 4.1; oleic, 12.8; linoleic, 3.7; arachidic, 8.3; eicosenoic, 10.2; behenic, 6.5; docosenoic, 4.2; and two unidentified acids 22.2 and 16.2. This non-glyceridic component of the S. mukorossi seed oil is a cyanolipid, 1-cyano-2-hydroxymethyl prop-1-ene-3-ol. The structure was confirmed by I. R., N.M.R. and Mass spectral-analysis.
Chemische Untersuchungen des Saatols Sapindus mukorossi
Zwei Lipidfraktionen ‚A’ und ‚B’ wurden durch praparative DC aus dem Saatol Sapindus mukorossi isoliert. Fraktion ‚A’ (70.4%, Rf-Wert 0.76) ist ein normales Triglycerid. Seine Fettsaure-Zusammensetzung wurde durch GC bestimmt. Fraktion ‚B’ (29.6%, Rf-Wert 0.51) zeigt die Gegenwart von stickstoffhaltigen Bestandteilen. Es entwickelt bei Kontakt mit Alkali oder Alkyloxidlosung eine rotlich braune Farbe. Die prozentualen Anteile in der Fraktion ‚A’ betrugen: Palmitinsaure 5.5%, Stearinsaure 3.2%, Olsaure 64.6%, Linolsaure 2.9%, Arachidonsaure 3.1%, Eicosensaure 20.1%, andere Sauren 0.6%, Fraktion ‚A’ ist aus jeweils 0.1,3.6,29.9 und 66.4% dreifachgesattigten, einfachungesattigt-zweifachgesattigten, zweifachungesattigt-einfachgesattigten und dreifachungesattigten Glyceriden zusammengesetzt. Durch GC-Analyse wurde der prozentuale Anteil der einzelnen Sauren, aus denen Fraktion ‚B’ besteht, wie folgt ermittelt: Palmitinsaure 3.8%, Stearinsaure 1.5%, Olsaure 33.6%, Linolsaure 2.9%, Arachidonsaure 11.1%, Eicosensaure 30.2%, Behensaure 2.8%, Docosensaure 1.4% und zwei unidentifizierte Sauren 7.3% und 5.4%, Fraktion ‚B’ reagiert auf Hydrolyse durch Pankreaslipase. Das Produkt mit einer gleichen Polaritat wie 2-Mono-glycerid wurde durch DC isoliert und zum Methylester umgewandelt. Die prozentualen Anteile der diesen Methylestern zugrundeliegenden Sauren betrugen: Palmitinsaure 11.8%, Stearinsaure 4.1%, Olsaure 12.8%, Linolsaure 3.7%, Arachidonsaure 8.3%, Eicosensaure 10.2%, Behensaure 6.5%, Docosensaure 4.2% und zwei unidentifizierte Sauren 22.2% und 16.2% Dieser nichtglyceridische Bestandteil von S. mukorossi Saatol ist ein Cyanolipid, 1-Cyano-2-hydroxymethylprop-1-en-3-ol. Die Struktur wurde durch IR, NMR und Massenspektroskopie bestatigt.
2 citations
1 citations
TL;DR: Based on chromatographic evidences, infrared analysis and chemical investigations, a structure has now been suggested for the cyanoglyceride and a mechanistic scheme postulated that rationalizes the observations made from the above investigations as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The cyano compound of kusum oil was earlier shown to be cyanoglyceride. Based on chromatographic evidences, infrared analysis and chemical investigations, a structure has now been suggested for the cyanoglyceride and a mechanistic scheme postulated that rationalizes the observations made from the above investigations.
Uber die Cyanverbindung in Schleichera trijuga Samenfett
Die Cyanverbindung in Kusumol wurde bereits als Cyanoglycerid identifiziert. Auf Grund chromatographischer Befunde, IR-Analyse sowie chemischer Untersuchungen wird nunmehr die Struktur dieses Cyanoglycerids vorgeschlagen. Die Reaktionsmechanismen, die mit den obigen Beobachtungen im Einklang stehen, werden erlautert.
1 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this article, the application of thin-layer adsorption chromatography to the fractionation of complex lipid mixtures into classes was discussed, and further work has been done on the use of thin layer chromatography for this purpose.
Abstract: Further work has been done on the application of thin-layer adsorption chromatography to the fractionation of complex lipid mixtures into classes.
365 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a procedure involving thin layer chromatography on silica impregnated with silver nitrate is described, which makes possible the separation of synthetic and natural glyceride mixtures into classes according to their degree of unsaturation, and within those classes the resolution of certain isomeric unsaturated glycerides.
Abstract: The paper describes a procedure involving thin layer chromatography on silica impregnated with silver nitrate, which makes possible the separation of synthetic and natural glyceride mixtures into classes according to their degree of unsaturation, and within those classes the resolution of certain isomeric unsaturated glycerides. The separations depend upon the ability of compounds having an olefinic double bond to form co-ordination complexes with the silver ion.
174 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it is shown that with the help of these processes, it is possible to separate the critical pairs of fatty acids and to identify the individual components of triglycerides.
Abstract: Es wird uber Hydrierungs- und Bromierungs-Reaktionen berichtet, die direkt auf den dunnschicht-chromatographischen Platten durchgefuhrt werden, indem man das Palladium als Katalysator auf der Platte erzeugt bzw. das Brom in dem Fliesmittel lost. Mit Hilfe dieser Reaktionen ist est moglich, kritische Paare von Fettsauren zu trennen und einzelnen Komponenten zu identifizieren. Die Trennung der Brom-Derivate anstelle der ursprunglich ungesattigten Verbindungen fuhrte auch bei der Analyse der Triglyceride zu weiteren Fortschritten.
Thin Layer Chromatography in the Field of Fats VI: Hydrogenation and Bromination on the Plate
Hydrogenation and bromination employing palladium as catalyst on the plate and bromine dissolved in the mobile phase are carried out directly on the thin layer chromatographic plates. With the help of these processes it is possible to separate the critical pairs of fatty acids and to identify the individual components. The separation of bromo-derivatives instead of the original unsaturated compounds leads also to further progress in the analysis of triglycerides.
58 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a new method for the colouring of thin layer chromatographic plates has been described, which makes it possible to immerse the plates in aqueous solutions and hence the specific colouring procedures of the PC-analysis, which consist of a thorough washing of the chromatograms, are made applicable to the thin-layer chromatography.
Abstract: Es wird uber eine neue Moglichkeit zur Anfarbung dunnschichtchromatographischer Platten berichtet. Die Fixierung der Schicht mit Dichlordimethylsilan ermoglicht das Eintauchen der Platten in wasrige Losungen und somit die Ubertragung spezifischer Anfarbungsverfahren der pc-Analyse, die mit einem Auswaschen der Chromatogramme verbunden sind, auf die Dunnschicht-Chromatographie. Diese Fixierung fuhrte auch zur Erkennung der Substanzen mit Hilfe sog. Transparenz-Erscheinungen, auf die hier am Beispiel der Trennung von Triglyceriden naher eingegangen wird.
Thin Layer Chromatography in the Field of Fats III: Visualization of the Analysing Substances on the Plate
A new method for the colouring of thin layer chromatographic plates has been described. The fixing of the layer with dichlordimethylsilane makes it possible to immerse the plates in aqueous solutions and hence the specific colouring procedures of the pc-analysis, which consist of a thorough washing of the chromatograms, are made applicable to the thin layer chromatography. This fixation leads also to the detection of the substances with the help of the so-called transparency phenomenon, which has been dealt with here, taking triglyceride separation as an example.
35 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the triglyceride structures of Olive Oil and ester oil were calculated on the basis of 1,3-2 random distribution from total fatty acids and 2-monoglyceride fatty acids.
Abstract: Die nach der „1,3–2 random distribution” aus den Gesamtfettsauren und den 2-Monoglycerid-Fettsauren berechneten Triglycerid-Strukturen des Olivenoles und des Esteroles werden mit den durch Kombination von Silbernitrat- und Umkehrphasen-Chromatographie experimentell ermittelten Strukturen verglichen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine gute Ubereinstimmung mit den theoretischen Werten. Die Triglycerid-Struktur des Esteroles ist der des Olivenoles sehr ahnlich.
The Triglyceride Structures of Olive Oil and of a Glyceride Mixture Synthesised by Esterification of the Olive Oil Fatty Acids
The triglyceride structures of olive oil and the ester oil as calculated on the basis of 1,3–2 random distribution from total fatty acids and 2-monoglyceride fatty acids are compared with those found experimentally by the combination of silver nitrate and reverse phase chromatography. The results show a good agreement with the theoretical values. The triglyceride structure of the ester oil is very similar to that of olive oil.
22 citations